{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֞י בְּבֹ֨א דָוִ֧ד וַאֲנָשָׁ֛יו צִֽקְלַ֖ג בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֑י וַעֲמָלֵקִ֣י פָֽשְׁט֗וּ אֶל־נֶ֙גֶב֙ וְאֶל־צִ֣קְלַ֔ג וַיַּכּוּ֙ אֶת־צִ֣קְלַ֔ג וַיִּשְׂרְפ֥וּ אֹתָ֖הּ בָּאֵֽשׁ", "text": "And *wayəhî* in *bəḇōʾ* *dāwiḏ* and *ʾănāšāʾyw* to *ṣīqəlaḡ* in the day the third, and *ʿămālēqî* had *pāśəṭû* against *neḡeḇ* and against *ṣīqəlaḡ*, and they *wayyakkû* *ṣīqəlaḡ* and they *wayyiśrəp̄û* it in the *bāʾēš*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass", "*bəḇōʾ*": "preposition + infinitive construct - in/when coming/arriving", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾănāšāʾyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his men", "*ṣīqəlaḡ*": "proper noun - Ziklag", "*ʿămālēqî*": "noun masculine plural - Amalekites", "*pāśəṭû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - had raided/invaded", "*neḡeḇ*": "noun masculine singular - Negev/south country", "*wayyakkû*": "consecutive imperfect hiphil, 3rd common plural - and they struck/attacked", "*wayyiśrəp̄û*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they burned", "*bāʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - in the fire" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/it came to pass/it was", "*pāśəṭû*": "raided/invaded/spread out", "*neḡeḇ*": "south/southern region/Negev", "*wayyakkû*": "struck/attacked/defeated/destroyed" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.2", "source": "וַיִּשְׁבּ֨וּ אֶת־הַנָּשִׁ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־בָּהּ֙ מִקָּטֹ֣ן וְעַד־גָּד֔וֹל לֹ֥א הֵמִ֖יתוּ אִ֑ישׁ וַיִּֽנְהֲג֔וּ וַיֵּלְכ֖וּ לְדַרְכָּֽם", "text": "And they *wayyišbû* *ʾeṯ*-the women who *ʾăšer*-in it, from *miqqāṭōn* and unto-*gāḏôl*, not they *hēmîṯû* *ʾîš*, and they *wayyinhaḡû* and they *wayyēləḵû* to *ləḏarəkkām*", "grammar": { "*wayyišbû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they captured/took captive", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that/which", "*miqqāṭōn*": "preposition + adjective masculine singular - from small/young", "*gāḏôl*": "adjective masculine singular - great/large/old", "*hēmîṯû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd common plural - they killed/put to death", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man/anyone", "*wayyinhaḡû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they drove/led away", "*wayyēləḵû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they went/walked", "*ləḏarəkkām*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to their way/path" }, "variants": { "*wayyišbû*": "took captive/captured/carried off", "*miqqāṭōn*": "from small/young/least", "*gāḏôl*": "great/large/important/old", "*wayyinhaḡû*": "drove away/led/conducted/carried" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.3", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֨א דָוִ֤ד וַֽאֲנָשָׁיו֙ אֶל־הָעִ֔יר וְהִנֵּ֥ה שְׂרוּפָ֖ה בָּאֵ֑שׁ וּנְשֵׁיהֶ֛ם וּבְנֵיהֶ֥ם וּבְנֹתֵיהֶ֖ם נִשְׁבּֽוּ", "text": "And *wayyāḇōʾ* *dāwiḏ* and *ʾănāšāyw* to-the *hāʿîr*, and *wəhinnēh* *śərûp̄āh* in the *bāʾēš*, and their *ûnəšêhem* and their *ûḇənêhem* and their *ûḇənōṯêhem* had been *nišbû*", "grammar": { "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he came/entered", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾănāšāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his men", "*hāʿîr*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the city", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold/lo", "*śərûp̄āh*": "qal passive participle, feminine singular - burned", "*bāʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - in the fire", "*ûnəšêhem*": "conjunction + noun feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their wives", "*ûḇənêhem*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their sons", "*ûḇənōṯêhem*": "conjunction + noun feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and their daughters", "*nišbû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - had been taken captive" }, "variants": { "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "came/entered/arrived", "*wəhinnēh*": "behold/lo/see", "*śərûp̄āh*": "burned/consumed by fire", "*nišbû*": "were taken captive/were captured" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.4", "source": "וַיִּשָּׂ֨א דָוִ֜ד וְהָעָ֧ם אֲשֶׁר־אִתּ֛וֹ אֶת־קוֹלָ֖ם וַיִּבְכּ֑וּ עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁ֧ר אֵין־בָּהֶ֛ם כֹּ֖חַ לִבְכּֽוֹת", "text": "And *wayyiśśāʾ* *dāwiḏ* and the *hāʿām* who *ʾăšer*-with him *ʾeṯ*-their *qôlām* and they *wayyiḇkû* until *ʾăšer* *ʾên*-in them *kōaḥ* to *liḇkôṯ*", "grammar": { "*wayyiśśāʾ*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he lifted/raised", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the people", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that/which", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*qôlām*": "noun masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their voice", "*wayyiḇkû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they wept/cried", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not/no", "*kōaḥ*": "noun masculine singular - strength/power", "*liḇkôṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to weep/cry" }, "variants": { "*wayyiśśāʾ*": "lifted up/raised/carried", "*hāʿām*": "people/nation/troops", "*qôlām*": "their voice/sound/cry", "*kōaḥ*": "strength/power/might/ability" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.5", "source": "וּשְׁתֵּ֥י נְשֵֽׁי־דָוִ֖ד נִשְׁבּ֑וּ אֲחִינֹ֙עַם֙ הַיִּזְרְעֵלִ֔ית וַאֲבִיגַ֕יִל אֵ֖שֶׁת נָבָ֥ל הַֽכַּרְמְלִֽי", "text": "And two *ûšəttê* *nəšê*-*dāwiḏ* were *nišbû*: *ʾăḥînōʿam* the *hayyizrəʿēlîṯ* and *waʾăḇîḡayil* *ʾēšeṯ* *nāḇāl* the *hakkarməlî*", "grammar": { "*ûšəttê*": "conjunction + cardinal number feminine construct - and two of", "*nəšê*": "noun feminine plural construct - wives of", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*nišbû*": "niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - had been taken captive", "*ʾăḥînōʿam*": "proper noun, feminine - Ahinoam", "*hayyizrəʿēlîṯ*": "definite article + gentilic adjective feminine singular - the Jezreelitess", "*waʾăḇîḡayil*": "conjunction + proper noun, feminine - and Abigail", "*ʾēšeṯ*": "noun feminine singular construct - wife of", "*nāḇāl*": "proper noun - Nabal", "*hakkarməlî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective masculine singular - the Carmelite" }, "variants": { "*nəšê*": "wives/women", "*nišbû*": "were taken captive/were captured", "*ʾēšeṯ*": "wife of/woman of" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.6", "source": "וַתֵּ֨צֶר לְדָוִ֜ד מְאֹ֗ד כִּֽי־אָמְר֤וּ הָעָם֙ לְסָקְל֔וֹ כִּֽי־מָ֙רָה֙ נֶ֣פֶשׁ כָּל־הָעָ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ עַל־בָּנָ֣יו וְעַל־בְּנֹתָ֑יו וַיִּתְחַזֵּ֣ק דָּוִ֔ד בַּיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהָֽיו", "text": "And *wattēṣer* to *dāwiḏ* *məʾōḏ* for *kî*-spoke the *hāʿām* to *ləsāqəlô* for *kî*-was bitter *mārāh* *nep̄eš* all-the *hāʿām*, *ʾîš* upon-*bānāyw* and upon-*bənōṯāyw*; and *wayyiṯḥazzēq* *dāwiḏ* in *bayhwh* *ʾĕlōhāyw*", "grammar": { "*wattēṣer*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd feminine singular - and it was distressing", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*məʾōḏ*": "adverb - very/exceedingly", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the people", "*ləsāqəlô*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to stone him", "*mārāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - was bitter", "*nep̄eš*": "noun feminine singular construct - soul of", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the people", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - man/each one", "*bānāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*bənōṯāyw*": "noun feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his daughters", "*wayyiṯḥazzēq*": "consecutive imperfect hithpael, 3rd masculine singular - and he strengthened himself", "*bayhwh*": "preposition + divine name - in Yahweh", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his God" }, "variants": { "*wattēṣer*": "was distressing/was distressed/was narrow", "*məʾōḏ*": "very/exceedingly/greatly", "*ləsāqəlô*": "to stone him/to put him to death by stoning", "*mārāh*": "was bitter/was grieved/was angry", "*nep̄eš*": "soul/life/person/self", "*wayyiṯḥazzēq*": "strengthened himself/took courage/found strength" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֗ד אֶל־אֶבְיָתָ֤ר הַכֹּהֵן֙ בֶּן־אֲחִימֶ֔לֶךְ הַגִּֽישָׁה־נָּ֥א לִ֖י הָאֵפֹ֑ד וַיַּגֵּ֧שׁ אֶבְיָתָ֛ר אֶת־הָאֵפֹ֖ד אֶל־דָּוִֽד", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwiḏ* to *ʾeḇyāṯār* the *hakkōhēn* son of-*ʾăḥîmeleḵ*, \"*haggîšāh*-*nāʾ* to me the *hāʾēp̄ōḏ*\"; and *wayyaggēš* *ʾeḇyāṯār* *ʾeṯ*-the *hāʾēp̄ōḏ* to *dāwiḏ*", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾeḇyāṯār*": "proper noun - Abiathar", "*hakkōhēn*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the priest", "*ʾăḥîmeleḵ*": "proper noun - Ahimelech", "*haggîšāh*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - bring near", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/I pray", "*hāʾēp̄ōḏ*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the ephod", "*wayyaggēš*": "consecutive imperfect hiphil, 3rd masculine singular - and he brought near", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*hakkōhēn*": "the priest/the religious official", "*haggîšāh*": "bring near/bring/present", "*hāʾēp̄ōḏ*": "the ephod/priestly garment used for divination" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.8", "source": "וַיִּשְׁאַ֨ל דָּוִ֤ד בַּֽיהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אֶרְדֹּ֛ף אַחֲרֵ֥י הַגְּדוּד־הַזֶּ֖ה הַֽאַשִּׂגֶ֑נּוּ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ רְדֹ֔ף כִּֽי־הַשֵּׂ֥ג תַּשִּׂ֖יג וְהַצֵּ֥ל תַּצִּֽיל", "text": "And *wayyišʾal* *dāwiḏ* in *bayhwh* *lēʾmōr*, \"Shall I *ʾerdōp̄* after *haggəḏûḏ*-*hazzeh*? Shall I *haʾaśśîḡennû*?\" And *wayyōʾmer* to him, \"*rəḏōp̄* for *kî*-*haśśēḡ* you will *taśśîḡ* and *haṣṣēl* you will *taṣṣîl*\"", "grammar": { "*wayyišʾal*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he inquired/asked", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*bayhwh*": "preposition + divine name - in/of Yahweh", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾerdōp̄*": "qal imperfect, 1st common singular - shall I pursue", "*haggəḏûḏ*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the troop/band/raiding party", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*haʾaśśîḡennû*": "interrogative particle + hiphil imperfect, 1st common singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - shall I overtake it/him", "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*rəḏōp̄*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - pursue", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*haśśēḡ*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - overtaking", "*taśśîḡ*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will overtake", "*haṣṣēl*": "hiphil infinitive absolute - rescuing", "*taṣṣîl*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you will rescue" }, "variants": { "*wayyišʾal*": "inquired/asked/sought guidance", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say", "*ʾerdōp̄*": "shall I pursue/should I chase", "*haggəḏûḏ*": "the troop/band/raiding party", "*haʾaśśîḡennû*": "shall I overtake it/will I catch them", "*haśśēḡ taśśîḡ*": "you will surely overtake/you will definitely catch up", "*haṣṣēl taṣṣîl*": "you will surely rescue/you will definitely save" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.9", "source": "וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד ה֚וּא וְשֵׁשׁ־מֵא֥וֹת אִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ עַד־נַ֣חַל הַבְּשׂ֑וֹר וְהַנּֽוֹתָרִ֖ים עָמָֽדוּ", "text": "And *wayyēleḵ* *dāwiḏ*, *hûʾ* and six-*wəšēš*-hundred *ʾîš* who *ʾăšer* with him, and they *wayyāḇōʾû* unto-*naḥal* the *habbeśôr*, and those *wəhannôṯārîm* *ʿāmāḏû*", "grammar": { "*wayyēleḵ*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he went", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*hûʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he", "*wəšēš*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and six", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - men", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that/which", "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they came", "*naḥal*": "noun masculine singular construct - wadi/brook of", "*habbeśôr*": "definite article + proper noun - the Besor", "*wəhannôṯārîm*": "conjunction + definite article + niphal participle masculine plural - and those remaining/left behind", "*ʿāmāḏû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they stayed/stood" }, "variants": { "*wayyēleḵ*": "went/walked/proceeded", "*wayyāḇōʾû*": "came/arrived/reached", "*naḥal*": "wadi/brook/stream/river valley", "*wəhannôṯārîm*": "those remaining/those left behind/those staying", "*ʿāmāḏû*": "stayed/stood/remained/stopped" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.10", "source": "וַיִּרְדֹּ֣ף דָּוִ֔ד ה֖וּא וְאַרְבַּע־מֵא֣וֹת אִ֑ישׁ וַיַּֽעַמְדוּ֙ מָאתַ֣יִם אִ֔ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֣ר פִּגְּר֔וּ מֵעֲבֹ֖ר אֶת־נַ֥חַל הַבְּשֽׂוֹר", "text": "And *wayyirdōp̄* *dāwiḏ*, *hûʾ* and four-*wəʾarbaʿ*-hundred *ʾîš*; and *wayyaʿamḏû* two hundred *māʾṯayim* *ʾîš* who *ʾăšer* *piggərû* from crossing *mēʿăḇōr* *ʾeṯ*-*naḥal* the *habbeśôr*", "grammar": { "*wayyirdōp̄*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he pursued", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*hûʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he", "*wəʾarbaʿ*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and four", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - men", "*wayyaʿamḏû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they stayed/stood", "*māʾṯayim*": "cardinal number - two hundred", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that/which", "*piggərû*": "piel perfect, 3rd common plural - they were exhausted/lagged behind", "*mēʿăḇōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from crossing", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*naḥal*": "noun masculine singular construct - wadi/brook of", "*habbeśôr*": "definite article + proper noun - the Besor" }, "variants": { "*wayyirdōp̄*": "pursued/chased/followed after", "*wayyaʿamḏû*": "stayed/remained/stopped", "*piggərû*": "were exhausted/lagged behind/were too weary", "*mēʿăḇōr*": "from crossing/from going over" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.11", "source": "וַֽיִּמְצְא֤וּ אִישׁ־מִצְרִי֙ בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה וַיִּקְח֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ אֶל־דָּוִ֑ד וַיִּתְּנוּ־ל֥וֹ לֶ֙חֶם֙ וַיֹּ֔אכַל וַיַּשְׁקֻ֖הוּ מָֽיִם", "text": "And they *wayyimṣəʾû* man-*ʾîš*-*miṣrî* in the *baśśāḏeh*, and they *wayyiqḥû* him to *dāwiḏ*; and they *wayyittənû*-to him *leḥem* and he *wayyōʾḵal*, and they *wayyašquhû* *māyim*", "grammar": { "*wayyimṣəʾû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they found", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular construct - man of", "*miṣrî*": "gentilic adjective masculine singular - Egyptian", "*baśśāḏeh*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - in the field", "*wayyiqḥû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they took", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*wayyittənû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they gave", "*leḥem*": "noun masculine singular - bread/food", "*wayyōʾḵal*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he ate", "*wayyašquhû*": "consecutive imperfect hiphil, 3rd common plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and they gave him to drink", "*māyim*": "noun masculine plural - water" }, "variants": { "*wayyimṣəʾû*": "found/discovered/came upon", "*ʾîš-miṣrî*": "Egyptian man/man from Egypt", "*baśśāḏeh*": "in the field/in the open country", "*wayyiqḥû*": "took/brought/led", "*leḥem*": "bread/food", "*wayyašquhû*": "gave him to drink/made him drink" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.12", "source": "וַיִּתְּנוּ־לוֹ֩ פֶ֨לַח דְּבֵלָ֜ה וּשְׁנֵ֤י צִמֻּקִים֙ וַיֹּ֔אכַל וַתָּ֥שָׁב רוּח֖וֹ אֵלָ֑יו כִּ֠י לֹֽא־אָ֤כַל לֶ֙חֶם֙ וְלֹא־שָׁ֣תָה מַ֔יִם שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה יָמִ֖ים וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה לֵילֽוֹת", "text": "And they *wayyittənû*-to him piece *p̄elaḥ* *dəḇēlāh* and two *ûšənê* *ṣimmûqîm* and he *wayyōʾḵal*; and *wattāšāḇ* his *rûḥô* to him; for *kî* not-*lōʾ*-he had eaten *ʾāḵal* *leḥem* and not-*lōʾ*-he had drunk *šāṯāh* *mayim* three *šəlōšāh* *yāmîm* and three *ûšəlōšāh* *lêlôṯ*", "grammar": { "*wayyittənû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they gave", "*p̄elaḥ*": "noun masculine singular construct - piece/slice of", "*dəḇēlāh*": "noun feminine singular - cake of pressed figs", "*ûšənê*": "conjunction + cardinal number masculine construct - and two of", "*ṣimmûqîm*": "noun masculine plural - clusters of raisins", "*wayyōʾḵal*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he ate", "*wattāšāḇ*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd feminine singular - and it returned", "*rûḥô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his spirit", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾāḵal*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he had eaten", "*leḥem*": "noun masculine singular - bread/food", "*šāṯāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he had drunk", "*mayim*": "noun masculine plural - water", "*šəlōšāh*": "cardinal number masculine - three", "*yāmîm*": "noun masculine plural - days", "*ûšəlōšāh*": "conjunction + cardinal number masculine - and three", "*lêlôṯ*": "noun masculine plural - nights" }, "variants": { "*p̄elaḥ dəḇēlāh*": "cake of pressed figs/piece of fig cake", "*ṣimmûqîm*": "raisins/clusters of raisins/dried grapes", "*wattāšāḇ rûḥô*": "his spirit returned/he revived/he was refreshed", "*ʾāḵal leḥem*": "eaten bread/eaten food", "*šāṯāh mayim*": "drunk water" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.13", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר ל֤וֹ דָוִד֙ לְֽמִי־אַ֔תָּה וְאֵ֥י מִזֶּ֖ה אָ֑תָּה וַיֹּ֜אמֶר נַ֧עַר מִצְרִ֣י אָנֹ֗כִי עֶ֚בֶד לְאִ֣ישׁ עֲמָֽלֵקִ֔י וַיַּעַזְבֵ֧נִי אֲדֹנִ֛י כִּ֥י חָלִ֖יתִי הַיּ֥וֹם שְׁלֹשָֽׁה", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to him *dāwiḏ*, \"To whom-*ləmî*-*ʾattāh* and where *wəʾê* from here *mizzeh* *ʾāttāh*?\" And *wayyōʾmer*, \"Young man *naʿar* *miṣrî* *ʾānōḵî*, servant *ʿeḇeḏ* to man-*ləʾîš*-*ʿămālēqî*, and *wayyaʿazḇēnî* my *ʾăḏōnî* for *kî* I *ḥālîṯî* today *hayyôm* *šəlōšāh*\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*ləmî*": "preposition + interrogative pronoun - to whom", "*ʾattāh*": "independent personal pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - you", "*wəʾê*": "conjunction + interrogative adverb - and where", "*mizzeh*": "preposition + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - from this/here", "*ʾāttāh*": "independent personal pronoun, 2nd masculine singular - you", "*naʿar*": "noun masculine singular - young man/servant", "*miṣrî*": "gentilic adjective masculine singular - Egyptian", "*ʾānōḵî*": "independent personal pronoun, 1st common singular - I", "*ʿeḇeḏ*": "noun masculine singular construct - servant of", "*ləʾîš*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - to a man of", "*ʿămālēqî*": "gentilic adjective masculine singular - Amalekite", "*wayyaʿazḇēnî*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - and he abandoned me", "*ʾăḏōnî*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my master", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ḥālîṯî*": "qal perfect, 1st common singular - I became sick", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the day/today", "*šəlōšāh*": "cardinal number masculine - three" }, "variants": { "*naʿar*": "young man/youth/servant/attendant", "*ʿeḇeḏ*": "servant/slave/subject", "*wayyaʿazḇēnî*": "abandoned me/left me/forsook me", "*ḥālîṯî*": "became sick/fell ill", "*hayyôm šəlōšāh*": "three days ago/three days today" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.14", "source": "אֲנַ֡חְנוּ פָּשַׁ֜טְנוּ נֶ֧גֶב הַכְּרֵתִ֛י וְעַל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לִֽיהוּדָ֖ה וְעַל־נֶ֣גֶב כָּלֵ֑ב וְאֶת־צִקְלַ֖ג שָׂרַ֥פְנוּ בָאֵֽשׁ", "text": "*ʾănaḥnû* *pāšaṭnû* *neḡeḇ* the *hakkerēṯî* and upon-that which *waʿal-ʾăšer* to *lîhûḏāh* and upon-*wəʿal*-*neḡeḇ* *kālēḇ*, and *wəʾeṯ*-*ṣiqlaḡ* we *śārap̄nû* in the *bāʾēš*", "grammar": { "*ʾănaḥnû*": "independent personal pronoun, 1st common plural - we", "*pāšaṭnû*": "qal perfect, 1st common plural - we raided", "*neḡeḇ*": "noun masculine singular construct - Negev/south of", "*hakkerēṯî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective masculine singular - the Cherethites", "*waʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon/against", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lîhûḏāh*": "preposition + proper noun - to/belonging to Judah", "*wəʿal*": "conjunction + preposition - and upon/against", "*neḡeḇ*": "noun masculine singular construct - Negev/south of", "*kālēḇ*": "proper noun - Caleb", "*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*ṣiqlaḡ*": "proper noun - Ziklag", "*śārap̄nû*": "qal perfect, 1st common plural - we burned", "*bāʾēš*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - in the fire" }, "variants": { "*pāšaṭnû*": "raided/invaded/attacked", "*neḡeḇ*": "south/Negev/southern region", "*hakkerēṯî*": "the Cherethites/a Philistine people group", "*neḡeḇ kālēḇ*": "Negev of Caleb/southern territory of Caleb", "*śārap̄nû*": "burned/set on fire" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.15", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ דָּוִ֔ד הֲתוֹרִדֵ֖נִי אֶל־הַגְּד֣וּד הַזֶּ֑ה וַיֹּ֡אמֶר הִשָּׁ֩בְעָה֩ לִּ֨י בֵֽאלֹהִ֜ים אִם־תְּמִיתֵ֗נִי וְאִם־תַּסְגִּרֵ֙נִי֙ בְּיַד־אֲדֹנִ֔י וְאוֹרִֽדְךָ֖ אֶל־הַגְּד֥וּד הַזֶּֽה", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* to him *ʾēlāyw* *dāwiḏ*, \"Will you *hăṯôrîḏēnî* to the *haggəḏûḏ* *hazzeh*?\" And *wayyōʾmer*, \"*hiššāḇəʿāh* to me in *bēʾlōhîm* if-*ʾim*-you will *təmîṯēnî* and if-*wəʾim*-you will *tasəgîrēnî* in hand-*bəyaḏ*-of my *ʾăḏōnî*, and I will *wəʾôrîḏəḵā* to the *haggəḏûḏ* *hazzeh*\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*hăṯôrîḏēnî*": "interrogative particle + hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - will you bring me down", "*haggəḏûḏ*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the troop/band/raiding party", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*hiššāḇəʿāh*": "niphal imperative, masculine singular - swear", "*bēʾlōhîm*": "preposition + noun masculine plural - by God", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*təmîṯēnî*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - you will kill me", "*wəʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - and if", "*tasəgîrēnî*": "hiphil imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 1st common singular suffix - you will hand me over", "*bəyaḏ*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - in the hand of", "*ʾăḏōnî*": "noun masculine singular construct with 1st common singular suffix - my master", "*wəʾôrîḏəḵā*": "conjunction + hiphil imperfect, 1st common singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I will bring you down", "*haggəḏûḏ*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the troop/band/raiding party", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*hăṯôrîḏēnî*": "will you bring me down/can you lead me to", "*haggəḏûḏ*": "the troop/band/raiding party", "*hiššāḇəʿāh*": "swear/take an oath", "*təmîṯēnî*": "kill me/put me to death", "*tasəgîrēnî*": "hand me over/surrender me/deliver me", "*wəʾôrîḏəḵā*": "I will bring you down/I will lead you to" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֣רִדֵ֔הוּ וְהִנֵּ֥ה נְטֻשִׁ֖ים עַל־פְּנֵ֣י כָל־הָאָ֑רֶץ אֹכְלִ֤ים וְשֹׁתִים֙ וְחֹ֣גְגִ֔ים בְּכֹל֙ הַשָּׁלָ֣ל הַגָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָקְח֛וּ מֵאֶ֥רֶץ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וּמֵאֶ֥רֶץ יְהוּדָֽה", "text": "And *wayyōrîḏēhû*, and *wəhinnēh* they were *nəṭušîm* upon-face of *ʿal-pənê* all-the *kāl-hāʾāreṣ*, *ʾōḵəlîm* and *wəšōṯîm* and *wəḥōḡəḡîm* with all-*bəḵōl*-the *haššālāl* the *haggāḏôl* which *ʾăšer* they *lāqəḥû* from land of *mēʾereṣ* *pəlišətîm* and from land of *ûmēʾereṣ* *yəhûḏāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyōrîḏēhû*": "consecutive imperfect hiphil, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he brought him down", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*nəṭušîm*": "qal passive participle, masculine plural - spread out/scattered", "*ʿal-pənê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - upon the face/surface of", "*kāl*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the land/ground", "*ʾōḵəlîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - eating", "*wəšōṯîm*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine plural - and drinking", "*wəḥōḡəḡîm*": "conjunction + qal participle, masculine plural - and celebrating/feasting", "*bəḵōl*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - with all of", "*haššālāl*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the spoil/plunder", "*haggāḏôl*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the great", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lāqəḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they had taken", "*mēʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - from land of", "*pəlišətîm*": "proper noun - Philistines", "*ûmēʾereṣ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun feminine singular construct - and from land of", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*wayyōrîḏēhû*": "brought him down/led him down", "*nəṭušîm*": "spread out/scattered/strewn about", "*ʾōḵəlîm wəšōṯîm wəḥōḡəḡîm*": "eating and drinking and celebrating/feasting and reveling", "*haššālāl*": "spoil/plunder/booty", "*lāqəḥû*": "had taken/had seized/had captured" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.17", "source": "וַיַּכֵּ֥ם דָּוִ֛ד מֵהַנֶּ֥שֶׁף וְעַד־הָעֶ֖רֶב לְמָֽחֳרָתָ֑ם וְלֹֽא־נִמְלַ֤ט מֵהֶם֙ אִ֔ישׁ כִּי֩ אִם־אַרְבַּ֨ע מֵא֧וֹת אִֽישׁ־נַ֛עַר אֲשֶׁר־רָכְב֥וּ עַל־הַגְּמַלִּ֖ים וַיָּנֻֽסוּ", "text": "And *wayyakkēm* *dāwiḏ* from the *mēhanneep̄* and until-the *wəʿaḏ-hāʿereḇ* of their *ləmāḥŏrāṯām*; and not-*wəlōʾ*-*nimlaṭ* from them a man except *kî ʾim*-four *ʾarbaʿ* hundred *mēʾôṯ* man-*ʾîš*-*naʿar* who-*ʾăšer*-*rāḵəḇû* upon-the *ʿal-haggəmallîm* and they *wayyānusû*", "grammar": { "*wayyakkēm*": "consecutive imperfect hiphil, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he struck them", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*mēhanneep̄*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - from the twilight/evening", "*wəʿaḏ*": "conjunction + preposition - and until", "*hāʿereḇ*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the evening", "*ləmāḥŏrāṯām*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - for their next day", "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*nimlaṭ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - escaped", "*kî ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - except", "*ʾarbaʿ*": "cardinal number - four", "*mēʾôṯ*": "noun feminine plural construct - hundred of", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular construct - men of", "*naʿar*": "noun masculine singular - young men", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*rāḵəḇû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they rode", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*haggəmallîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the camels", "*wayyānusû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they fled" }, "variants": { "*wayyakkēm*": "struck them/attacked them/defeated them", "*mēhanneep̄*": "from twilight/from dusk", "*hāʿereḇ ləmāḥŏrāṯām*": "evening of the next day/evening of the following day", "*nimlaṭ*": "escaped/survived/got away", "*naʿar*": "young men/youths/servants", "*rāḵəḇû*": "rode/mounted", "*wayyānusû*": "fled/ran away/escaped" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.18", "source": "וַיַּצֵּ֣ל דָּוִ֔ד אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָקְח֖וּ עֲמָלֵ֑ק וְאֶת־שְׁתֵּ֥י נָשָׁ֖יו הִצִּ֥יל דָּוִֽד", "text": "And *wayyaṣṣēl* *dāwiḏ* *ʾēṯ* all-*kāl*-which *ʾăšer* had taken *lāqəḥû* *ʿămālēq*; and *wəʾeṯ*-two *šəttê* *nāšāyw* *hiṣṣîl* *dāwiḏ*", "grammar": { "*wayyaṣṣēl*": "consecutive imperfect hiphil, 3rd masculine singular - and he rescued/delivered", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*kāl*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lāqəḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they had taken", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*šəttê*": "cardinal number feminine construct - two of", "*nāšāyw*": "noun feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wives", "*hiṣṣîl*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he rescued/delivered", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David" }, "variants": { "*wayyaṣṣēl*": "rescued/delivered/saved/recovered", "*lāqəḥû*": "had taken/had captured/had seized", "*hiṣṣîl*": "rescued/delivered/saved/recovered" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.19", "source": "וְלֹ֣א נֶעְדַּר־לָ֠הֶם מִן־הַקָּטֹ֨ן וְעַד־הַגָּד֜וֹל וְעַד־בָּנִ֤ים וּבָנוֹת֙ וּמִשָּׁלָ֔ל וְעַ֛ד כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר לָקְח֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם הַכֹּ֖ל הֵשִׁ֥יב דָּוִֽד", "text": "And not *wəlōʾ* *neʿəddar*-to them from-the *min-haqqāṭōn* and until-the *wəʿaḏ-haggāḏôl* and until-sons *wəʿaḏ-bānîm* and daughters *ûḇānôṯ* and from spoil *ûmiššālāl* and until *wəʿaḏ* all-*kāl*-that *ʾăšer* they had taken *lāqəḥû* for themselves; the *hakkōl* *hēšîḇ* *dāwiḏ*", "grammar": { "*wəlōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*neʿəddar*": "niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was missing", "*min*": "preposition - from", "*haqqāṭōn*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the small/young", "*wəʿaḏ*": "conjunction + preposition - and until", "*haggāḏôl*": "definite article + adjective masculine singular - the great/large", "*wəʿaḏ*": "conjunction + preposition - and until", "*bānîm*": "noun masculine plural - sons", "*ûḇānôṯ*": "conjunction + noun feminine plural - and daughters", "*ûmiššālāl*": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular - and from spoil", "*wəʿaḏ*": "conjunction + preposition - and until", "*kāl*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*lāqəḥû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they had taken", "*hakkōl*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the whole/everything", "*hēšîḇ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he brought back/returned", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David" }, "variants": { "*neʿəddar*": "was missing/was lacking/was lost", "*haqqāṭōn*": "the small/young/little", "*haggāḏôl*": "the great/large/important", "*ûmiššālāl*": "and from spoil/plunder/booty", "*lāqəḥû*": "had taken/had seized/had captured", "*hēšîḇ*": "brought back/returned/restored" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.20", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח דָּוִ֔ד אֶת־כָּל־הַצֹּ֖אן וְהַבָּקָ֑ר נָהֲג֗וּ לִפְנֵי֙ הַמִּקְנֶ֣ה הַה֔וּא וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ זֶ֖ה שְׁלַ֥ל דָּוִֽד", "text": "And *wayyiqqaḥ* *dāwiḏ* *ʾeṯ*-all-the *kāl-haṣṣōʾn* and the *wəhabbāqār*; they *nāhăḡû* before *lip̄nê* the *hammiqneh* the *hahûʾ*, and they *wayyōʾmərû*, \"This *zeh* is spoil *šəlal* of *dāwiḏ*\"", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*kāl*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "definite article + noun feminine singular - the flock", "*wəhabbāqār*": "conjunction + definite article + noun masculine singular - and the herd", "*nāhăḡû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they drove/led", "*lip̄nê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - before/in front of", "*hammiqneh*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the livestock/cattle", "*hahûʾ*": "definite article + independent personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - that", "*wayyōʾmərû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they said", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*šəlal*": "noun masculine singular construct - spoil of", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "took/captured/seized", "*haṣṣōʾn*": "the flock/the sheep and goats", "*wəhabbāqār*": "and the herd/and the cattle", "*nāhăḡû*": "drove/led/conducted", "*hammiqneh*": "livestock/cattle/property", "*šəlal*": "spoil/plunder/booty" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.21", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֣א דָוִ֗ד אֶל־מָאתַ֨יִם הָאֲנָשִׁ֜ים אֲשֶֽׁר־פִּגְּר֣וּ ׀ מִלֶּ֣כֶת ׀ אַחֲרֵ֣י דָוִ֗ד וַיֹּֽשִׁיבֻם֙ בְּנַ֣חַל הַבְּשׂ֔וֹר וַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙ לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֔ד וְלִקְרַ֖את הָעָ֣ם אֲשֶׁר־אִתּ֑וֹ וַיִּגַּ֤שׁ דָּוִד֙ אֶת־הָעָ֔ם וַיִּשְׁאַ֥ל לָהֶ֖ם לְשָׁלֽוֹם", "text": "And *wayyāḇōʾ* *dāwiḏ* to two hundred *māʾṯayim* the *hāʾănāšîm* who-*ʾăšer*-*piggərû* from going *millekeṯ* after *ʾaḥărê* *dāwiḏ* and they *wayyōšîḇum* in *bənaḥal* the *habbeśôr*; and they *wayyēṣəʾû* to meet *liqraṯ* *dāwiḏ* and to meet *wəliqraṯ* the *hāʿām* who-*ʾăšer*-with him; and *wayyiggaš* *dāwiḏ* *ʾeṯ*-the *hāʿām* and *wayyišʾal* to them for *ləšālôm*", "grammar": { "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*māʾṯayim*": "cardinal number - two hundred", "*hāʾănāšîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the men", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*piggərû*": "piel perfect, 3rd common plural - they were too exhausted", "*millekeṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - from going", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition - after", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*wayyōšîḇum*": "consecutive imperfect hiphil, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he had left them", "*bənaḥal*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in the brook/wadi of", "*habbeśôr*": "definite article + proper noun - the Besor", "*wayyēṣəʾû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they went out", "*liqraṯ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to meet", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*wəliqraṯ*": "conjunction + preposition + qal infinitive construct - and to meet", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the people", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*wayyiggaš*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he approached/drew near", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*hāʿām*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the people", "*wayyišʾal*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he asked", "*ləšālôm*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - concerning welfare/peace" }, "variants": { "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "came/returned/arrived", "*piggərû*": "were too exhausted/were too weary/lagged behind", "*millekeṯ*": "from going/from walking/from following", "*wayyōšîḇum*": "had left them/had made them stay", "*wayyēṣəʾû*": "went out/came out/came forward", "*liqraṯ*": "to meet/to greet", "*wayyiggaš*": "approached/drew near/came close", "*wayyišʾal ləšālôm*": "asked concerning welfare/greeted/asked of their well-being" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.22", "source": "וַיַּ֜עַן כָּל־אִֽישׁ־רָ֣ע וּבְלִיַּ֗עַל מֵֽהָאֲנָשִׁים֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָלְכ֣וּ עִם־דָּוִד֒ וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ יַ֚עַן אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־הָלְכ֣וּ עִמִּ֔י לֹֽא־נִתֵּ֣ן לָהֶ֔ם מֵהַשָּׁלָ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִצַּ֑לְנוּ כִּֽי־אִם־אִ֤ישׁ אֶת־אִשְׁתּוֹ֙ וְאֶת־בָּנָ֔יו וְיִנְהֲג֖וּ וְיֵלֵֽכוּ", "text": "And *wayyaʿan* all-*kāl*-man-*ʾîš*-evil *rāʿ* and *ûḇəliyyaʿal* from the *mēhāʾănāšîm* who *ʾăšer* had gone *hāləḵû* with *ʿim*-*dāwiḏ*, and they *wayyōʾmərû*, \"Because *yaʿan* that *ʾăšer* not-*lōʾ*-they went *hāləḵû* with us, not-*lōʾ*-we will give *nittēn* to them from the *mēhaššālāl* which *ʾăšer* we *hiṣṣalnû*; but-only *kî-ʾim*-each man *ʾîš* *ʾeṯ*-his *ʾištô* and *wəʾeṯ*-his *bānāyw*, and let them *wəyinhăḡû* and let them *wəyēlēḵû*\"", "grammar": { "*wayyaʿan*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he answered", "*kāl*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular construct - man of", "*rāʿ*": "adjective masculine singular - evil/wicked", "*ûḇəliyyaʿal*": "conjunction + noun masculine singular - and worthlessness/wickedness", "*mēhāʾănāšîm*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine plural - from the men", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/that", "*hāləḵû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they had gone/walked", "*ʿim*": "preposition - with", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*wayyōʾmərû*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd common plural - and they said", "*yaʿan*": "conjunction - because", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hāləḵû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they went", "*nittēn*": "qal imperfect, 1st common plural - we will give", "*mēhaššālāl*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - from the spoil", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*hiṣṣalnû*": "hiphil perfect, 1st common plural - we rescued/delivered", "*kî-ʾim*": "conjunction + conditional particle - but/except", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - each man", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾištô*": "noun feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his wife", "*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*bānāyw*": "noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*wəyinhăḡû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - and let them lead away", "*wəyēlēḵû*": "conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - and let them go" }, "variants": { "*ʾîš-rāʿ ûḇəliyyaʿal*": "evil and worthless men/wicked and worthless men", "*hāləḵû*": "had gone/had walked/had followed", "*yaʿan ʾăšer*": "because that/since/for the reason that", "*nittēn*": "will give/shall give", "*hiṣṣalnû*": "we rescued/we recovered/we delivered", "*wəyinhăḡû wəyēlēḵû*": "let them lead away and go/let them take them and depart" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.23", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד לֹֽא־תַעֲשׂ֥וּ כֵ֖ן אֶחָ֑י אֵ֠ת אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֥ה לָ֙נוּ֙ וַיִּשְׁמֹ֣ר אֹתָ֔נוּ וַיִּתֵּ֗ן אֶֽת־הַגְּד֛וּד הַבָּ֥א עָלֵ֖ינוּ בְּיָדֵֽנוּ", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *dāwiḏ*, \"Not-*lōʾ*-you shall *ṯaʿăśû* thus, *ʾeḥāy*, with *ʾēṯ* that *ʾăšer*-has given *nāṯan* *yəhwāh* to us; and he *wayyišmōr* us, and he *wayyittēn* *ʾeṯ*-the *haggəḏûḏ* that *habbāʾ* against us into our *bəyāḏēnû*\"", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯaʿăśû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall do", "*ʾeḥāy*": "noun masculine plural construct with 1st common singular suffix - my brothers", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - that/which", "*nāṯan*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has given", "*yəhwāh*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*wayyišmōr*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he kept/protected", "*wayyittēn*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he gave", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*haggəḏûḏ*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the troop/band", "*habbāʾ*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the coming/who came", "*bəyāḏēnû*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct with 1st common plural suffix - into our hand" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke", "*ṯaʿăśû*": "do/act", "*ʾeḥāy*": "my brothers/my kinsmen", "*nāṯan*": "has given/granted/provided", "*wayyišmōr*": "protected/kept/preserved", "*haggəḏûḏ*": "the troop/the band/the raiding party", "*bəyāḏēnû*": "into our hand/into our power" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.24", "source": "וּמִי֙ יִשְׁמַ֣ע לָכֶ֔ם לַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה כִּ֞י כְּחֵ֣לֶק ׀ הַיֹּרֵ֣ד בַּמִּלְחָמָ֗ה וּֽכְחֵ֛לֶק הַיֹּשֵׁ֥ב עַל־הַכֵּלִ֖ים יַחְדָּ֥ו יַחֲלֹֽקוּ", "text": "And who *ûmî* will listen *yišmaʿ* to you for the *laddāḇār* the *hazzeh*? For *kî* like portion *kəḥēleq* the one who goes down *hayyōrēḏ* into the *bammiləḥāmāh* so like portion *ûḵəḥēleq* the one who stays *hayyōšēḇ* by-the *ʿal-hakkēlîm* together *yaḥədāw* they shall *yaḥălōqû*", "grammar": { "*ûmî*": "conjunction + interrogative pronoun - and who", "*yišmaʿ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - will listen/hear", "*laddāḇār*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - to the word/matter", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kəḥēleq*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - like the portion of", "*hayyōrēḏ*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the one who goes down", "*bammiləḥāmāh*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - in the battle", "*ûḵəḥēleq*": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular construct - and like the portion of", "*hayyōšēḇ*": "definite article + qal participle, masculine singular - the one who stays", "*ʿal*": "preposition - by/with", "*hakkēlîm*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the equipment/baggage", "*yaḥədāw*": "adverb - together", "*yaḥălōqû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd common plural - they shall share/divide" }, "variants": { "*yišmaʿ*": "will listen/will obey/will hearken", "*laddāḇār*": "to the word/matter/thing", "*kəḥēleq*": "like the portion/like the share", "*hayyōrēḏ bammiləḥāmāh*": "the one who goes down to battle/one who goes into combat", "*hayyōšēḇ ʿal-hakkēlîm*": "the one who stays with the baggage/one who guards the supplies", "*yaḥălōqû*": "they shall share/they shall divide/they shall have equal portions" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.25", "source": "וַיְהִ֕י מֵֽהַיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא וָמָ֑עְלָה וַיְשִׂמֶ֜הָ לְחֹ֤ק וּלְמִשְׁפָּט֙ לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה", "text": "And *wayəhî* from the *mēhayyôm* the *hahûʾ* and *wāmāʿəlāh*; and he *wayəśimehā* for *ləḥōq* and for *ûləmišpāṭ* for *ləyiśrāʾēl* until *ʿaḏ* the *hayyôm* the *hazzeh*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and it was/happened", "*mēhayyôm*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - from the day", "*hahûʾ*": "definite article + independent personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - that", "*wāmāʿəlāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and upward/onward", "*wayəśimehā*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he set it", "*ləḥōq*": "preposition + noun masculine singular - for a statute/decree", "*ûləmišpāṭ*": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular - and for an ordinance/judgment", "*ləyiśrāʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun - for Israel", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*hayyôm*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the day", "*hazzeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun masculine singular - this" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "it was/it happened/it came to pass", "*mēhayyôm hahûʾ wāmāʿəlāh*": "from that day and onward/from that day forward", "*wayəśimehā*": "he set it/he established it/he made it", "*ləḥōq ûləmišpāṭ*": "for a statute and for an ordinance/law and regulation", "*ʿaḏ hayyôm hazzeh*": "until this day/to this very day" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.26", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֤א דָוִד֙ אֶל־צִ֣קְלַ֔ג וַיְשַׁלַּ֧ח מֵֽהַשָּׁלָ֛ל לְזִקְנֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה לְרֵעֵ֣הוּ לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֤ה לָכֶם֙ בְּרָכָ֔ה מִשְּׁלַ֖ל אֹיְבֵ֥י יְהוָֽה", "text": "And *wayyāḇōʾ* *dāwiḏ* to *ṣiqəlaḡ*, and he *wayəšallaḥ* from the *mēhaššālāl* to elders of *ləziqnê* *yəhûḏāh*, to his *lərēʿēhû* *lēʾmōr*, \"Behold *hinnēh* to you *lāḵem* *bərāḵāh* from spoil of *miššəlal* enemies of *ʾōyəḇê* *yəhwāh*\"", "grammar": { "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect qal, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*ṣiqəlaḡ*": "proper noun - Ziklag", "*wayəšallaḥ*": "consecutive imperfect piel, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*mēhaššālāl*": "preposition + definite article + noun masculine singular - from the spoil", "*ləziqnê*": "preposition + noun masculine plural construct - to elders of", "*yəhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*lərēʿēhû*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his friends", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold", "*lāḵem*": "preposition with 2nd masculine plural suffix - to you", "*bərāḵāh*": "noun feminine singular - blessing/gift", "*miššəlal*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from spoil of", "*ʾōyəḇê*": "noun masculine plural construct - enemies of", "*yəhwāh*": "divine name - Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "came/arrived/returned", "*wayəšallaḥ*": "sent/dispatched", "*lərēʿēhû*": "to his friends/to his neighbors/to his companions", "*bərāḵāh*": "blessing/gift/present", "*ʾōyəḇê yəhwāh*": "enemies of Yahweh/Yahweh's enemies" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.27", "source": "לַאֲשֶׁ֧ר בְּבֵֽית־אֵ֛ל וְלַאֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּרָמֽוֹת־נֶ֖גֶב וְלַאֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּיַתִּֽר", "text": "To those *laʾăšer* in *bəḇêṯ*-*ʾēl* and to those *wəlaʾăšer* in *bərāmôṯ*-*neḡeḇ* and to those *wəlaʾăšer* in *bəyattir*", "grammar": { "*laʾăšer*": "preposition + relative pronoun - to those who/that", "*bəḇêṯ*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in house of", "*ʾēl*": "noun - God/El", "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*bərāmôṯ*": "preposition + noun feminine plural construct - in heights of", "*neḡeḇ*": "noun masculine singular - Negev/south", "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*bəyattir*": "preposition + proper noun - in Jattir" }, "variants": { "*bəḇêṯ-ʾēl*": "in Bethel/in the house of God", "*bərāmôṯ-neḡeḇ*": "in Ramoth-Negev/in the heights of the south", "*bəyattir*": "in Jattir/in Yattir" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.28", "source": "וְלַאֲשֶׁ֧ר בַּעֲרֹעֵ֛ר וְלַאֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּשִֽׂפְמ֖וֹת וְלַאֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּאֶשְׁתְּמֹֽעַ", "text": "And to those *wəlaʾăšer* in *baʿărōʿēr* and to those *wəlaʾăšer* in *bəśip̄əmôṯ* and to those *wəlaʾăšer* in *bəʾeštəmōaʿ*", "grammar": { "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*baʿărōʿēr*": "preposition + proper noun - in Aroer", "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*bəśip̄əmôṯ*": "preposition + proper noun - in Siphmoth", "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*bəʾeštəmōaʿ*": "preposition + proper noun - in Eshtemoa" }, "variants": { "*baʿărōʿēr*": "in Aroer", "*bəśip̄əmôṯ*": "in Siphmoth", "*bəʾeštəmōaʿ*": "in Eshtemoa" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.29", "source": "וְלַאֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּרָכָ֗ל וְלַֽאֲשֶׁר֙ בְּעָרֵ֣י הַיְּרַחְמְאֵלִ֔י וְלַאֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּעָרֵ֥י הַקֵּינִֽי", "text": "And to those *wəlaʾăšer* in *bərāḵāl* and to those *wəlaʾăšer* in cities of *bəʿārê* the *hayərəḥməʾēlî* and to those *wəlaʾăšer* in cities of *bəʿārê* the *haqqênî*", "grammar": { "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*bərāḵāl*": "preposition + proper noun - in Racal", "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*bəʿārê*": "preposition + noun feminine plural construct - in cities of", "*hayərəḥməʾēlî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective masculine singular - the Jerahmeelites", "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*bəʿārê*": "preposition + noun feminine plural construct - in cities of", "*haqqênî*": "definite article + gentilic adjective masculine singular - the Kenites" }, "variants": { "*bərāḵāl*": "in Racal", "*bəʿārê hayərəḥməʾēlî*": "in the cities of the Jerahmeelites", "*bəʿārê haqqênî*": "in the cities of the Kenites" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.30", "source": "וְלַאֲשֶׁ֧ר בְּחָרְמָ֛ה וְלַאֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּבוֹר־עָשָׁ֖ן וְלַאֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּעֲתָֽךְ", "text": "And to those *wəlaʾăšer* in *bəḥārəmāh* and to those *wəlaʾăšer* in *bəḇôr*-*ʿāšān* and to those *wəlaʾăšer* in *baʿăṯāḵ*", "grammar": { "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*bəḥārəmāh*": "preposition + proper noun - in Hormah", "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*bəḇôr*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - in pit/cistern of", "*ʿāšān*": "proper noun - Ashan", "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*baʿăṯāḵ*": "preposition + proper noun - in Athach" }, "variants": { "*bəḥārəmāh*": "in Hormah", "*bəḇôr-ʿāšān*": "in Bor-ashan/in Cor-ashan", "*baʿăṯāḵ*": "in Athach" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.30.31", "source": "וְלַאֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּחֶבְר֑וֹן וּֽלְכָל־הַמְּקֹמ֛וֹת אֲשֶֽׁר־הִתְהַלֶּךְ־שָׁ֥ם דָּוִ֖ד ה֥וּא וַאֲנָשָֽׁיו", "text": "And to those *wəlaʾăšer* in *bəḥeḇrôn* and to all-*ûləḵāl*-the *hamməqōmôṯ* where-*ʾăšer*-*hiṯhalleḵ*-there *šām* *dāwiḏ*, *hûʾ* and his *waʾănāšāyw*", "grammar": { "*wəlaʾăšer*": "conjunction + preposition + relative pronoun - and to those who/that", "*bəḥeḇrôn*": "preposition + proper noun - in Hebron", "*ûləḵāl*": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular construct - and to all of", "*hamməqōmôṯ*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the places", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - where/that", "*hiṯhalleḵ*": "hithpael perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he walked about/went about", "*šām*": "adverb - there", "*dāwiḏ*": "proper noun - David", "*hûʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he", "*waʾănāšāyw*": "conjunction + noun masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his men" }, "variants": { "*bəḥeḇrôn*": "in Hebron", "*hamməqōmôṯ*": "the places/the locations", "*hiṯhalleḵ*": "walked about/went about/roamed/traveled", "*waʾănāšāyw*": "and his men/and his followers" } }