{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֥י דְבַר־שְׁמוּאֵ֖ל לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֵּצֵ֣א יִשְׂרָאֵל֩ לִקְרַ֨את פְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים לַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ עַל־הָאֶ֣בֶן הָעֵ֔זֶר וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֖ים חָנ֥וּ בַאֲפֵֽק׃", "text": "And *wə* *yəhî* *dəvar*-*šəmû'ēl* to-all-*yiśrā'ēl* and *wə* *yēṣē'* *yiśrā'ēl* to-*liqra't* *pəlištîm* to-the-*milḥāmāh* and *wə* *yaḥănû* at-the-*'even* the-*'ēzer* and-*pəlištîm* *ḥānû* in-*'ăpēq*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*yəhî*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular jussive - was, became", "*dəvar*": "construct state - word of", "*šəmû'ēl*": "proper noun - Samuel", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yēṣē'*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - went out", "*liqra't*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to meet", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*milḥāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - battle, war", "*yaḥănû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they camped, encamped", "*'even*": "feminine singular noun - stone", "*'ēzer*": "proper noun - Ezer", "*ḥānû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they camped, encamped", "*'ăpēq*": "proper noun - Aphek" }, "variants": { "*dəvar*": "word, command, matter, thing", "*yēṣē'*": "went out, came forth, departed", "*liqra't*": "to meet, against, in opposition to", "*yaḥănû*": "they encamped, they pitched [tents]", "*'even*": "stone, rock" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.2", "source": "וַיַּעַרְכ֨וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֜ים לִקְרַ֣את יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַתִּטֹּשׁ֙ הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וַיִּנָּ֥גֶף יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לִפְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּכּ֤וּ בַמַּֽעֲרָכָה֙ בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה כְּאַרְבַּ֥עַת אֲלָפִ֖ים אִֽישׁ׃", "text": "And *wə* *ya'arkû* *pəlištîm* to-*liqra't* *yiśrā'ēl* and *wə* *tiṭṭōš* the-*milḥāmāh* and *wə* *yinnāgep* *yiśrā'ēl* before *pənê* *pəlištîm* and *wə* *yakkû* in-the-*ma'ărākāh* in-the-*śādeh* about-four *'ălāpîm* *'îš*.", "grammar": { "*ya'arkû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they arranged, set in order, drew up", "*liqra't*": "preposition + infinitive construct - to meet, against", "*tiṭṭōš*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - spread out, extended, joined", "*milḥāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - battle, war", "*yinnāgep*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - was defeated, smitten", "*pənê*": "plural construct - face, presence of", "*yakkû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they struck, killed", "*ma'ărākāh*": "feminine singular noun - battle line, arrangement", "*śādeh*": "masculine singular noun - field", "*'ălāpîm*": "masculine plural noun - thousands", "*'îš*": "masculine singular noun - man, men (collective)" }, "variants": { "*ya'arkû*": "they arranged, set in order, positioned [themselves]", "*tiṭṭōš*": "joined, spread out, was deployed, engaged", "*yinnāgep*": "was smitten, was defeated, was struck down", "*yakkû*": "they smote, struck down, killed", "*ma'ărākāh*": "battle line, battle array, battlefield" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.3", "source": "וַיָּבֹ֣א הָעָם֮ אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֒ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ זִקְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לָ֣מָּה נְגָפָ֧נוּ יְהוָ֛ה הַיּ֖וֹם לִפְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים נִקְחָ֧ה אֵלֵ֣ינוּ מִשִּׁלֹ֗ה אֶת־אֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְיָבֹ֣א בְקִרְבֵּ֔נוּ וְיֹשִׁעֵ֖נוּ מִכַּ֥ף אֹיְבֵֽינוּ׃", "text": "And *wə* *yāvō'* the-*'ām* to-the-*maḥăneh* and *wə* *yō'mərû* *ziqnê* *yiśrā'ēl* why *lāmmāh* *nəgāpānû* *YHWH* the-*yôm* before *pənê* *pəlištîm* let-us-take *niqḥāh* to-us from-*šilōh* *'et*-*'ărôn* *bərît* *YHWH* and *wə* *yāvō'* in-midst-of-us and *wə* *yōši'ēnû* from-*kap* our-enemies.", "grammar": { "*yāvō'*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he came, entered", "*'ām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*maḥăneh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the camp", "*yō'mərû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they said", "*ziqnê*": "masculine plural construct - elders of", "*lāmmāh*": "interrogative adverb - why", "*nəgāpānû*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - he has smitten us", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*pənê*": "plural construct - face, presence of", "*niqḥāh*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural cohortative - let us take", "*šilōh*": "proper noun - Shiloh", "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*bərît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*yāvō'*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular jussive - may it come", "*yōši'ēnû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular jussive + 1st common plural suffix - may it save us", "*kap*": "feminine singular construct - hand, palm of" }, "variants": { "*'ām*": "people, nation, troops", "*ziqnê*": "elders, old men, leaders", "*nəgāpānû*": "struck us, defeated us, afflicted us", "*niqḥāh*": "let us take, let us fetch", "*bərît*": "covenant, treaty, agreement", "*yōši'ēnû*": "may it save us, may it deliver us, may it rescue us", "*kap*": "hand, palm, power" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.4", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח הָעָם֙ שִׁלֹ֔ה וַיִּשְׂא֣וּ מִשָּׁ֗ם אֵ֣ת אֲר֧וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֛ה צְבָא֖וֹת יֹשֵׁ֣ב הַכְּרֻבִ֑ים וְשָׁ֞ם שְׁנֵ֣י בְנֵֽי־עֵלִ֗י עִם־אֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִ֣ית הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים חָפְנִ֖י וּפִֽינְחָֽס׃", "text": "And *wə* *yišlaḥ* the-*'ām* *šilōh* and *wə* *yiś'û* from-there *'ēt* *'ărôn* *bərît*-*YHWH* *ṣəvā'ôt* dwelling-*yōšēv* the-*kərūvîm* and-there the-two *šənê* *bənê*-*'ēlî* with-*'ărôn* *bərît* the-*'ĕlōhîm* *ḥopnî* and-*pînəḥās*.", "grammar": { "*yišlaḥ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he sent", "*'ām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the people", "*yiś'û*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they carried, lifted", "*'ēt*": "direct object marker", "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*bərît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*YHWH*": "divine name - Yahweh", "*ṣəvā'ôt*": "feminine plural noun - hosts, armies", "*yōšēv*": "qal participle masculine singular construct - dwelling [between], sitting [on]", "*kərūvîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the cherubim", "*šənê*": "masculine dual construct - two of", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'ēlî*": "proper noun - Eli", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - God", "*ḥopnî*": "proper noun - Hophni", "*pînəḥās*": "proper noun - Phinehas" }, "variants": { "*yiś'û*": "they carried, they bore, they lifted up", "*ṣəvā'ôt*": "hosts, armies, multitudes", "*yōšēv*": "dwelling [between], sitting [on], enthroned [upon]", "*kərūvîm*": "cherubim, angelic beings" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.5", "source": "וַיְהִ֗י כְּב֨וֹא אֲר֤וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָה֙ אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה וַיָּרִ֥עוּ כָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל תְּרוּעָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֑ה וַתֵּהֹ֖ם הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "And *wə* *yəhî* when-entering *kəvô'* *'ărôn* *bərît*-*YHWH* to-the-*maḥăneh* and *wə* *yārî'û* all-*yiśrā'ēl* *tərû'āh* *gədôlāh* and *wə* *tēhōm* the-*'āreṣ*.", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive jussive - it happened", "*kəvô'*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - when entering/coming", "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*bərît*": "feminine singular construct - covenant of", "*maḥăneh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the camp", "*yārî'û*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they shouted", "*tərû'āh*": "feminine singular noun - shout, blast", "*gədôlāh*": "feminine singular adjective - great, loud", "*tēhōm*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - it resounded, roared", "*'āreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the earth, land" }, "variants": { "*yəhî*": "it came to pass, it happened", "*kəvô'*": "when entering, at the coming of", "*yārî'û*": "they shouted, they made a loud noise", "*tərû'āh*": "shout, battle cry, trumpet blast", "*tēhōm*": "resounded, roared, quaked, echoed" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.6", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמְע֤וּ פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַתְּרוּעָ֔ה וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ מֶ֠ה ק֣וֹל הַתְּרוּעָ֧ה הַגְּדוֹלָ֛ה הַזֹּ֖את בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה הָעִבְרִ֑ים וַיֵּ֣דְע֔וּ כִּ֚י אֲר֣וֹן יְהוָ֔ה בָּ֖א אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶֽה׃", "text": "And *wə* *yišmə'û* *pəlištîm* *'et*-sound *qôl* the-*tərû'āh* and *wə* *yō'mərû* what *meh* sound *qôl* the-*tərû'āh* the-*gədôlāh* the-*zō't* in-camp *maḥănēh* the-*'ivrîm* and *wə* *yēdə'û* that *kî* *'ărôn* *YHWH* had-come *bā'* to-the-*maḥăneh*.", "grammar": { "*yišmə'û*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they heard", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - sound of", "*tərû'āh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the shout", "*yō'mərû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they said", "*meh*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*gədôlāh*": "feminine singular adjective with definite article - the great", "*zō't*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this", "*maḥănēh*": "masculine singular construct - camp of", "*'ivrîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the Hebrews", "*yēdə'û*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they knew", "*kî*": "conjunction - that, because", "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*bā'*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - had come" }, "variants": { "*yišmə'û*": "they heard, they listened to", "*qôl*": "sound, voice, noise", "*tərû'āh*": "shout, battle cry, acclaim", "*'ivrîm*": "Hebrews, those from across [the river]", "*yēdə'û*": "they knew, they understood, they realized" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.7", "source": "וַיִּֽרְאוּ֙ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים כִּ֣י אָמְר֔וּ בָּ֥א אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וַיֹּאמְרוּ֙ א֣וֹי לָ֔נוּ כִּ֣י לֹ֥א הָיְתָ֛ה כָּזֹ֖את אֶתְמ֥וֹל שִׁלְשֹֽׁם׃", "text": "And *wə* *yîrə'û* the-*pəlištîm* for *kî* they-said *'āmərû* has-come *bā'* *'ĕlōhîm* to-the-*maḥăneh* and *wə* *yō'mərû* woe *'ôy* to-us for *kî* not *lō'* has-been *hāyətāh* like-*kāzō't* *'etmôl* *šilšōm*.", "grammar": { "*yîrə'û*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they feared", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural with definite article - the Philistines", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*'āmərû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they said", "*bā'*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has come", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God, gods", "*maḥăneh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the camp", "*yō'mərû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they said", "*'ôy*": "interjection - woe", "*lō'*": "negative particle - not", "*hāyətāh*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - has been", "*kāzō't*": "preposition + feminine singular demonstrative pronoun - like this", "*'etmôl*": "adverb - yesterday", "*šilšōm*": "adverb - day before yesterday, previously" }, "variants": { "*yîrə'û*": "they feared, they were afraid", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "God, gods, divine being(s)", "*'ôy*": "woe, alas", "*'etmôl* *šilšōm*": "yesterday or day before, previously, in the past" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.8", "source": "א֣וֹי לָ֔נוּ מִ֣י יַצִּילֵ֔נוּ מִיַּ֛ד הָאֱלֹהִ֥ים הָאַדִּירִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה אֵ֧לֶּה הֵ֣ם הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים הַמַּכִּ֧ים אֶת־מִצְרַ֛יִם בְּכָל־מַכָּ֖ה בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃", "text": "Woe *'ôy* to-us who *mî* will-deliver-us *yaṣṣîlēnû* from-hand *miyyad* the-*'ĕlōhîm* the-*'addîrîm* the-*'ēlleh* these *'ēlleh* they-[are] the-*'ĕlōhîm* the-*makîm* *'et*-*miṣrayîm* with-all-*makkāh* in-the-*midbār*.", "grammar": { "*'ôy*": "interjection - woe", "*mî*": "interrogative pronoun - who", "*yaṣṣîlēnû*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - he will deliver us", "*miyyad*": "preposition + feminine singular construct - from hand of", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God(s)", "*'addîrîm*": "masculine plural adjective with definite article - the mighty", "*'ēlleh*": "common plural demonstrative pronoun with definite article - these", "*'ēlleh*": "common plural demonstrative pronoun - these", "*makîm*": "hiphil participle masculine plural with definite article - the ones striking", "*miṣrayîm*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*makkāh*": "feminine singular noun - plague, blow", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the wilderness" }, "variants": { "*yaṣṣîlēnû*": "will deliver us, will rescue us, will save us", "*'ĕlōhîm* *'addîrîm*": "mighty God(s), powerful deities, mighty divine beings", "*makîm*": "ones striking, ones smiting, ones afflicting", "*makkāh*": "plague, blow, strike, affliction", "*midbār*": "wilderness, desert, uninhabited land" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.9", "source": "הִֽתְחַזְּק֞וּ וִֽהְי֤וּ לֽ͏ַאֲנָשִׁים֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים פֶּ֚ן תַּעַבְד֣וּ לָעִבְרִ֔ים כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָבְד֖וּ לָכֶ֑ם וִהְיִיתֶ֥ם לַאֲנָשִׁ֖ים וְנִלְחַמְתֶּֽם׃", "text": "Be-strong *hitḥazzəqû* and *wə* *həyû* as-*la'ănāšîm* *pəlištîm* lest *pen* you-become-servants *ta'avdû* to-the-*'ivrîm* as-which *ka'ăšer* they-served *'āvdû* to-you and *wə* *həyîtem* as-*la'ănāšîm* and *wə* *nilḥamtem*.", "grammar": { "*hitḥazzəqû*": "hithpael imperative masculine plural - be strong", "*həyû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - be", "*la'ănāšîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - as men", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*pen*": "conjunction - lest", "*ta'avdû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural - you will serve", "*'ivrîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the Hebrews", "*ka'ăšer*": "conjunction - as, just as", "*'āvdû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they served", "*həyîtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you will be", "*la'ănāšîm*": "preposition + masculine plural noun - as men", "*nilḥamtem*": "niphal perfect 2nd masculine plural - you will fight" }, "variants": { "*hitḥazzəqû*": "be strong, strengthen yourselves, take courage", "*həyû* *la'ănāšîm*": "be men, act like men, be courageous", "*ta'avdû*": "you will serve, you will be slaves to", "*'āvdû*": "they served, they were slaves to", "*nilḥamtem*": "you will fight, you will battle, you will wage war" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.10", "source": "וַיִּלָּחֲמ֣וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיִּנָּ֤גֶף יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיָּנֻ֙סוּ֙ אִ֣ישׁ לְאֹהָלָ֔יו וַתְּהִ֥י הַמַּכָּ֖ה גְּדוֹלָ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וַיִּפֹּל֙ מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף רַגְלִֽי׃", "text": "And *wə* *yillāḥămû* *pəlištîm* and *wə* *yinnāgep* *yiśrā'ēl* and *wə* *yānusû* *'îš* to-his-tents *lə'ōhālāw* and *wə* *təhî* the-*makkāh* *gədôlāh* very *mə'ōd* and *wə* *yippōl* from-*yiśrā'ēl* thirty *šəlōšîm* thousand *'elep* *raglî*.", "grammar": { "*yillāḥămû*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they fought", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*yinnāgep*": "niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - was defeated", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yānusû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they fled", "*'îš*": "masculine singular noun - man, each one", "*lə'ōhālāw*": "preposition + masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to his tents", "*təhî*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive jussive - became", "*makkāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the blow, striking", "*gədôlāh*": "feminine singular adjective - great", "*mə'ōd*": "adverb - very", "*yippōl*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - fell", "*šəlōšîm*": "cardinal number - thirty", "*'elep*": "masculine singular noun - thousand", "*raglî*": "masculine singular noun - foot soldier" }, "variants": { "*yillāḥămû*": "they fought, they battled", "*yinnāgep*": "was defeated, was smitten, was struck down", "*yānusû*": "they fled, they escaped", "*lə'ōhālāw*": "to his tent(s), to his dwelling place(s)", "*makkāh*": "blow, striking, slaughter, defeat", "*raglî*": "foot soldier, infantry" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.11", "source": "וַאֲר֥וֹן אֱלֹהִ֖ים נִלְקָ֑ח וּשְׁנֵ֤י בְנֵֽי־עֵלִי֙ מֵ֔תוּ חָפְנִ֖י וּפִֽינְחָֽס׃", "text": "And *wə* *'ărôn* *'ĕlōhîm* was-taken *nilqāḥ* and-two *ûšənê* *bənê*-*'ēlî* died *mētû* *ḥopnî* and-*pînəḥās*.", "grammar": { "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun - God", "*nilqāḥ*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was taken", "*ûšənê*": "conjunction + masculine dual construct - and two of", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of", "*'ēlî*": "proper noun - Eli", "*mētû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they died", "*ḥopnî*": "proper noun - Hophni", "*pînəḥās*": "proper noun - Phinehas" }, "variants": { "*nilqāḥ*": "was taken, was captured, was seized" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.12", "source": "וַיָּ֤רָץ אִישׁ־בִּנְיָמִן֙ מֵהַמַּ֣עֲרָכָ֔ה וַיָּבֹ֥א שִׁלֹ֖ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וּמַדָּ֣יו קְרֻעִ֔ים וַאֲדָמָ֖ה עַל־רֹאשֽׁוֹ׃", "text": "And *wə* *yāroṣ* *'îš*-*binyāmin* from-the-*ma'ărākāh* and *wə* *yāvō'* *šilōh* on-the-*yôm* the-*hû'* and-*maddāw* *qəru'îm* and-*'ădāmāh* on-his-head *rō'šô*.", "grammar": { "*yāroṣ*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he ran", "*'îš*": "masculine singular construct - man of", "*binyāmin*": "proper noun - Benjamin", "*ma'ărākāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the battle array", "*yāvō'*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he came", "*šilōh*": "proper noun - Shiloh", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*hû'*": "3rd masculine singular pronoun with definite article - that", "*maddāw*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his garments", "*qəru'îm*": "qal passive participle masculine plural - torn", "*'ădāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - soil, earth, ground", "*rō'šô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his head" }, "variants": { "*yāroṣ*": "he ran, he rushed", "*ma'ărākāh*": "battle array, battlefield, battle line", "*maddāw*": "garments, clothes, uniform", "*qəru'îm*": "torn, rent", "*'ădāmāh*": "soil, earth, ground, dirt" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.13", "source": "וַיָּב֗וֹא וְהִנֵּ֣ה עֵ֠לִי יֹשֵׁ֨ב עַֽל־הַכִּסֵּ֜א *יך **יַ֥ד דֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ מְצַפֶּ֔ה כִּֽי־הָיָ֤ה לִבּוֹ֙ חָרֵ֔ד עַ֖ל אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְהָאִ֗ישׁ בָּ֚א לְהַגִּ֣יד בָּעִ֔יר וַתִּזְעַ֖ק כָּל־הָעִֽיר׃", "text": "And *wə* *yāvô'* and-behold *wəhinnēh* *'ēlî* sitting *yōšēv* on-the-*kissē'* by-the-side *yad* *derek* watching *məṣappeh* for-*kî*-was *hāyāh* his-heart *libbô* trembling *ḥārēd* for *'al* *'ărôn* the-*'ĕlōhîm* and-the-*'îš* came *bā'* to-tell *ləhaggîd* in-the-*'îr* and *wə* *tiz'aq* all-the-*'îr*.", "grammar": { "*yāvô'*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he came", "*wəhinnēh*": "conjunction + demonstrative particle - and behold", "*'ēlî*": "proper noun - Eli", "*yōšēv*": "qal participle masculine singular - sitting", "*kissē'*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the seat, throne", "*yad*": "feminine singular noun - side, hand", "*derek*": "masculine singular noun - way, road", "*məṣappeh*": "piel participle masculine singular - watching", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was", "*libbô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his heart", "*ḥārēd*": "adjective masculine singular - trembling, anxious", "*'al*": "preposition - for, concerning", "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God", "*'îš*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man", "*bā'*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - came", "*ləhaggîd*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to tell", "*'îr*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the city", "*tiz'aq*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - cried out", "*'îr*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the city" }, "variants": { "*yad* *derek*": "beside the way, by the side of the road", "*məṣappeh*": "watching, looking out, observing", "*ḥārēd*": "trembling, anxious, fearful", "*ləhaggîd*": "to tell, to report, to announce", "*tiz'aq*": "cried out, wailed, screamed" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.14", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע עֵלִי֙ אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַצְּעָקָ֔ה וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מֶ֛ה ק֥וֹל הֶהָמ֖וֹן הַזֶּ֑ה וְהָאִ֣ישׁ מִהַ֔ר וַיָּבֹ֖א וַיַּגֵּ֥ד לְעֵלִֽי׃", "text": "And *wə* *yišma'* *'ēlî* *'et*-sound *qôl* the-*ṣə'āqāh* and *wə* *yō'mer* what *meh* sound *qôl* the-*hămôn* the-*zeh* and-the-*'îš* hastened *mihēr* and *wə* *yāvō'* and *wə* *yaggēd* to-*'ēlî*.", "grammar": { "*yišma'*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he heard", "*'ēlî*": "proper noun - Eli", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - sound of", "*ṣə'āqāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the outcry", "*yō'mer*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he said", "*meh*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct - sound of", "*hămôn*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the tumult", "*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this", "*'îš*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man", "*mihēr*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - hastened", "*yāvō'*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he came", "*yaggēd*": "hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he told" }, "variants": { "*ṣə'āqāh*": "outcry, cry, wail", "*hămôn*": "tumult, noise, commotion, uproar", "*mihēr*": "hastened, hurried, made haste" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.15", "source": "וְעֵלִ֕י בֶּן־תִּשְׁעִ֥ים וּשְׁמֹנֶ֖ה שָׁנָ֑ה וְעֵינָ֣יו קָ֔מָה וְלֹ֥א יָכ֖וֹל לִרְאֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-*'ēlî* son-of-*ben* ninety *tiš'îm* and-eight *ûšəmōneh* *šānāh* and-his-eyes *wə'ênāw* were-set *qāmāh* and-not *wəlō'* was-able *yākōl* to-see *lir'ôt*.", "grammar": { "*'ēlî*": "proper noun - Eli", "*ben*": "masculine singular construct - son of", "*tiš'îm*": "cardinal number - ninety", "*ûšəmōneh*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and eight", "*šānāh*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*wə'ênāw*": "conjunction + common dual noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his eyes", "*qāmāh*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - were set, fixed", "*wəlō'*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yākōl*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was able", "*lir'ôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to see" }, "variants": { "*qāmāh*": "were set, were fixed, were stiff, were dim" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הָאִ֜ישׁ אֶל־עֵלִ֗י אָֽנֹכִי֙ הַבָּ֣א מִן־הַמַּעֲרָכָ֔ה וַאֲנִ֕י מִן־הַמַּעֲרָכָ֖ה נַ֣סְתִּי הַיּ֑וֹם וַיֹּ֛אמֶר מֶֽה־הָיָ֥ה הַדָּבָ֖ר בְּנִֽי׃", "text": "And *wə* *yō'mer* the-*'îš* to-*'ēlî* I *'ānōkî* the-one-coming *habbā'* from-the-*ma'ărākāh* and-I *wa'ănî* from-the-*ma'ărākāh* fled *nastî* the-*yôm* and *wə* *yō'mer* what-*meh*-was *hāyāh* the-*dāvār* my-son *bənî*.", "grammar": { "*yō'mer*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he said", "*'îš*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man", "*'ēlî*": "proper noun - Eli", "*'ānōkî*": "1st common singular personal pronoun - I", "*habbā'*": "qal participle masculine singular with definite article - the one coming", "*ma'ărākāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the battle array", "*wa'ănî*": "conjunction + 1st common singular personal pronoun - and I", "*nastî*": "qal perfect 1st common singular - I fled", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day, today", "*meh*": "interrogative pronoun - what", "*hāyāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was", "*dāvār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the matter, thing", "*bənî*": "masculine singular noun + 1st common singular suffix - my son" }, "variants": { "*ma'ărākāh*": "battle array, battlefield, battle line", "*nastî*": "I fled, I escaped", "*dāvār*": "matter, thing, affair, word" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.17", "source": "וַיַּ֨עַן הַֽמְבַשֵּׂ֜ר וַיֹּ֗אמֶר נָ֤ס יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לִפְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְגַ֛ם מַגֵּפָ֥ה גְדוֹלָ֖ה הָיְתָ֣ה בָעָ֑ם וְגַם־שְׁנֵ֨י בָנֶ֜יךָ מֵ֗תוּ חָפְנִי֙ וּפִ֣ינְחָ֔ס וַאֲר֥וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים נִלְקָֽחָה׃", "text": "And *wə* *ya'an* the-*məvaśśēr* and *wə* *yō'mer* fled *nās* *yiśrā'ēl* before *lipnê* *pəlištîm* and-also *wəgam* *maggēpāh* *gədôlāh* was *hāyətāh* among-the-*'ām* and-also *wəgam* two *šənê* your-sons *bāneykā* died *mētû* *ḥopnî* and-*pînəḥās* and-*'ărôn* the-*'ĕlōhîm* was-taken *nilqāḥāh*.", "grammar": { "*ya'an*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he answered", "*məvaśśēr*": "piel participle masculine singular with definite article - the messenger", "*yō'mer*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he said", "*nās*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has fled", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*lipnê*": "preposition + plural construct - before", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*wəgam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also", "*maggēpāh*": "feminine singular noun - defeat, slaughter", "*gədôlāh*": "feminine singular adjective - great", "*hāyətāh*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was", "*'ām*": "masculine singular noun with prefixed preposition - among the people", "*wəgam*": "conjunction + adverb - and also", "*šənê*": "masculine dual construct - two of", "*bāneykā*": "masculine plural noun + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your sons", "*mētû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they died", "*ḥopnî*": "proper noun - Hophni", "*pînəḥās*": "proper noun - Phinehas", "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God", "*nilqāḥāh*": "niphal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was taken" }, "variants": { "*məvaśśēr*": "messenger, bearer of news", "*nās*": "fled, escaped", "*maggēpāh*": "defeat, slaughter, plague", "*nilqāḥāh*": "was taken, was captured, was seized" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.18", "source": "וַיְהִ֞י כְּהַזְכִּיר֣וֹ ׀ אֶת־אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים וַיִּפֹּ֣ל מֵֽעַל־הַ֠כִּסֵּא אֲחֹ֨רַנִּ֜ית בְּעַ֣ד ׀ יַ֣ד הַשַּׁ֗עַר וַתִּשָּׁבֵ֤ר מַפְרַקְתּוֹ֙ וַיָּמֹ֔ת כִּֽי־זָקֵ֥ן הָאִ֖ישׁ וְכָבֵ֑ד וְה֛וּא שָׁפַ֥ט אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אַרְבָּעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃", "text": "And *wə* *yəhî* as-*kəhazkîrô* *'et*-*'ărôn* the-*'ĕlōhîm* and *wə* *yippōl* from-upon-the-*kissē'* backward *'ăḥōrannît* beside *bə'ad* *yad* the-*ša'ar* and *wə* *tiššāvēr* his-*mapəraqtô* and *wə* *yāmōt* for-*kî*-old *zāqēn* the-*'îš* and-heavy *wəkāvēd* and-he *wəhû'* judged *šāpaṭ* *'et*-*yiśrā'ēl* forty *'arbā'îm* *šānāh*.", "grammar": { "*yəhî*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive jussive - it happened", "*kəhazkîrô*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - as he mentioned", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God", "*yippōl*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he fell", "*kissē'*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the seat", "*'ăḥōrannît*": "adverb - backward", "*bə'ad*": "preposition - beside, through", "*yad*": "feminine singular construct - hand, side of", "*ša'ar*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the gate", "*tiššāvēr*": "niphal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - was broken", "*mapəraqtô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his neck", "*yāmōt*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular consecutive - he died", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*zāqēn*": "adjective masculine singular - old", "*'îš*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the man", "*wəkāvēd*": "conjunction + adjective masculine singular - and heavy", "*wəhû'*": "conjunction + 3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - and he", "*šāpaṭ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he judged", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*'arbā'îm*": "cardinal number - forty", "*šānāh*": "feminine singular noun - year" }, "variants": { "*kəhazkîrô*": "as he mentioned, when he spoke of", "*yippōl*": "he fell, he dropped", "*'ăḥōrannît*": "backward, backwards", "*bə'ad* *yad* *ša'ar*": "beside the side of the gate, by the gateway", "*tiššāvēr* *mapəraqtô*": "his neck was broken, his neck snapped", "*kāvēd*": "heavy, weighty" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.19", "source": "וְכַלָּת֣וֹ אֵֽשֶׁת־פִּינְחָס֮ הָרָ֣ה לָלַת֒ וַתִּשְׁמַ֣ע אֶת־הַשְּׁמֻעָ֗‪[c]‬ה אֶל־הִלָּקַח֙ אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וּמֵ֥ת חָמִ֖יהָ וְאִישָׁ֑הּ וַתִּכְרַ֣ע וַתֵּ֔לֶד כִּֽי־נֶהֶפְכ֥וּ עָלֶ֖יהָ צִרֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "And-his-daughter-in-law *wəkallātô* wife-of-*'ēšet*-*pînəḥās* pregnant *hārāh* to-give-birth *lālat* and *wə* *tišma'* *'et*-the-*šəmû'āh* about-the-capturing *'el*-*hillāqaḥ* *'ărôn* the-*'ĕlōhîm* and-death-of *ûmēt* her-father-in-law *ḥāmîhā* and-her-husband *wə'îšāh* and *wə* *tikra'* and *wə* *tēled* for-*kî*-had-turned *nehepəkû* upon-her *'āleyhā* her-birth-pains *ṣireyhā*.", "grammar": { "*wəkallātô*": "conjunction + feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his daughter-in-law", "*'ēšet*": "feminine singular construct - wife of", "*pînəḥās*": "proper noun - Phinehas", "*hārāh*": "adjective feminine singular - pregnant", "*lālat*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to give birth", "*tišma'*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - she heard", "*'et*": "direct object marker", "*šəmû'āh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the report", "*'el*": "preposition - about", "*hillāqaḥ*": "niphal infinitive construct with definite article - the being taken", "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God", "*ûmēt*": "conjunction + masculine singular construct - and death of", "*ḥāmîhā*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her father-in-law", "*wə'îšāh*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her husband", "*tikra'*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - she bowed down", "*tēled*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - she gave birth", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*nehepəkû*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - had turned", "*'āleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - upon her", "*ṣireyhā*": "masculine plural noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her birth pains" }, "variants": { "*lālat*": "to give birth, to deliver", "*šəmû'āh*": "report, news, tidings", "*hillāqaḥ*": "being taken, being captured", "*tikra'*": "she bowed down, she crouched, she collapsed", "*nehepəkû*": "had turned, had come upon, had overwhelmed", "*ṣireyhā*": "her birth pains, her labor contractions" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.20", "source": "וּכְעֵ֣ת מוּתָ֗הּ וַתְּדַבֵּ֙רְנָה֙ הַנִּצָּב֣וֹת עָלֶ֔יהָ אַל־תִּֽירְאִ֖י כִּ֣י בֵ֣ן יָלָ֑דְתְּ וְלֹ֥א עָנְתָ֖ה וְלֹא־שָׁ֥תָה לִבָּֽהּ׃", "text": "And-about-time-of *ûkə'ēt* her-death *mûtāh* and *wə* *tədabbērnāh* the-women-standing *hanniṣṣāvôt* beside-her *'āleyhā* do-not-*'al*-fear *tîr'î* for *kî* a-son *vēn* you-have-borne *yālādt* and-not *wəlō'* she-answered *'ānətāh* and-not-*wəlō'*-set *šātāh* her-heart *libbāh*.", "grammar": { "*ûkə'ēt*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine singular construct - and about the time of", "*mûtāh*": "qal infinitive construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her dying", "*tədabbērnāh*": "piel imperfect 3rd feminine plural consecutive - they spoke", "*hanniṣṣāvôt*": "niphal participle feminine plural with definite article - the ones standing", "*'āleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - beside her", "*'al*": "negative particle - do not", "*tîr'î*": "qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular jussive - fear", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*vēn*": "masculine singular noun - son", "*yālādt*": "qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you have given birth", "*wəlō'*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*'ānətāh*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - she answered", "*wəlō'*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*šātāh*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - she set, placed", "*libbāh*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her heart" }, "variants": { "*hanniṣṣāvôt*": "the ones standing, the women attending", "*'al* *tîr'î*": "do not fear, don't be afraid", "*šātāh* *libbāh*": "she set her heart, she paid attention, she responded" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.21", "source": "וַתִּקְרָ֣א לַנַּ֗עַר אִֽי־כָבוֹד֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר גָּלָ֥ה כָב֖וֹד מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אֶל־הִלָּקַח֙ אֲר֣וֹן הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וְאֶל־חָמִ֖יהָ וְאִישָֽׁהּ׃", "text": "And *wə* *tiqrā'* to-the-*na'ar* *'î*-*kāvôd* saying *lē'mōr* has-departed *gālāh* *kāvôd* from-*yiśrā'ēl* because-of-the-capturing *'el*-*hillāqaḥ* *'ărôn* the-*'ĕlōhîm* and-because-of *wə'el*-her-father-in-law *ḥāmîhā* and-her-husband *wə'îšāh*.", "grammar": { "*tiqrā'*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - she called", "*na'ar*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the boy", "*'î*": "negative particle - no", "*kāvôd*": "masculine singular noun - glory", "*lē'mōr*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - saying", "*gālāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has departed", "*kāvôd*": "masculine singular noun - glory", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun with prefixed preposition - from Israel", "*'el*": "preposition - because of", "*hillāqaḥ*": "niphal infinitive construct with definite article - the being taken", "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God", "*wə'el*": "conjunction + preposition - and because of", "*ḥāmîhā*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - her father-in-law", "*wə'îšāh*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - and her husband" }, "variants": { "*'î*-*kāvôd*": "no glory, inglorious, where is the glory", "*gālāh*": "has departed, has been exiled, has gone into exile", "*hillāqaḥ*": "being taken, being captured" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Samuel.4.22", "source": "וַתֹּ֕אמֶר גָּלָ֥ה כָב֖וֹד מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֥י נִלְקַ֖ח אֲר֥וֹן הָאֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "And *wə* *tō'mer* has-departed *gālāh* *kāvôd* from-*yiśrā'ēl* for *kî* has-been-taken *nilqaḥ* *'ărôn* the-*'ĕlōhîm*.", "grammar": { "*tō'mer*": "qal imperfect 3rd feminine singular consecutive - she said", "*gālāh*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has departed", "*kāvôd*": "masculine singular noun - glory", "*yiśrā'ēl*": "proper noun with prefixed preposition - from Israel", "*kî*": "conjunction - for, because", "*nilqaḥ*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - has been taken", "*'ărôn*": "masculine singular construct - ark of", "*'ĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the God" }, "variants": { "*gālāh*": "has departed, has been exiled, has gone into exile", "*nilqaḥ*": "has been taken, has been captured, has been seized" } }