{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.1", "source": "אֵ֣לֶּה הַדְּבָרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר דִּבֶּ֤ר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶל־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּעֵ֖בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן בַּמִּדְבָּ֡ר בָּֽעֲרָבָה֩ מ֨וֹל ס֜וּף בֵּֽין־פָּארָ֧ן וּבֵֽין־תֹּ֛פֶל וְלָבָ֥ן וַחֲצֵרֹ֖ת וְדִ֥י זָהָֽב", "text": "These *dəḇārîm* which *dibbēr* *mōšeh* to-all-*yiśrāʾēl* in-*ʿēḇer* the-*yardēn* in-the-*midbār* in-the-*ʿărāḇâ* opposite *sûp* between-*pāʾrān* and-between-*tōpel* and-*lāḇān* and-*ḥăṣērōṯ* and-*dî zāhāḇ*", "grammar": { "*dəḇārîm*": "masculine plural noun - words/matters/things", "*dibbēr*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - spoke/declared", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿēḇer*": "masculine singular construct - side/opposite side/region across", "*yardēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan (River)", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - wilderness/desert", "*ʿărāḇâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - desert plain/Arabah", "*sûp*": "proper noun - Suph (possibly Sea of Reeds)", "*pāʾrān*": "proper noun - Paran", "*tōpel*": "proper noun - Tophel", "*lāḇān*": "proper noun - Laban", "*ḥăṣērōṯ*": "proper noun - Hazeroth", "*dî zāhāḇ*": "proper noun - Di-zahab" }, "variants": { "*dəḇārîm*": "words/matters/things/sayings/commands", "*dibbēr*": "spoke/declared/commanded", "*ʿēḇer*": "region across/opposite side/beyond" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.2", "source": "אַחַ֨ד עָשָׂ֥ר יוֹם֙ מֵֽחֹרֵ֔ב דֶּ֖רֶךְ הַר־שֵׂעִ֑יר עַ֖ד קָדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵֽעַ", "text": "Eleven *yôm* from-*ḥōrēḇ* *dereḵ* *har*-*śēʿîr* unto *qādēš barnēaʿ*", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - day", "*ḥōrēḇ*": "proper noun with prefix מֵֽ (from) - Horeb", "*dereḵ*": "construct state - way/path of", "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*śēʿîr*": "proper noun - Seir", "*qādēš barnēaʿ*": "proper noun - Kadesh-barnea" }, "variants": { "*dereḵ*": "way/path/route/journey", "*har*": "mountain/hill/hill country" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.3", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ בְּאַרְבָּעִ֣ים שָׁנָ֔ה בְּעַשְׁתֵּֽי־עָשָׂ֥ר חֹ֖דֶשׁ בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֑דֶשׁ דִּבֶּ֤ר מֹשֶׁה֙ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כְּ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה אֹת֖וֹ אֲלֵהֶֽם", "text": "And-*wayhî* in-fortieth *šānâ* in-eleventh *ḥōdeš* in-first of-the-*ḥōdeš* *dibbēr* *mōšeh* to-*bənê* *yiśrāʾēl* according-to-all which *ṣiwwâ* *YHWH* *ʾōṯô* to-them", "grammar": { "*wayhî*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and it happened/came to pass", "*šānâ*": "feminine singular noun - year", "*ḥōdeš*": "masculine singular noun - month/new moon", "*dibbēr*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - spoke/declared", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - sons/children of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ṣiwwâ*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - commanded/ordered", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾōṯô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him" }, "variants": { "*wayhî*": "and it happened/came to pass/was", "*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.4", "source": "אַחֲרֵ֣י הַכֹּת֗וֹ אֵ֚ת סִיחֹן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן וְאֵ֗ת ע֚וֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֔ן אֲשֶׁר־יוֹשֵׁ֥ב בְּעַשְׁתָּרֹ֖ת בְּאֶדְרֶֽעִי", "text": "After *hakkōṯô* *ʾēṯ* *sîḥōn* *meleḵ* *hāʾĕmōrî* who *yōšēḇ* in-*ḥešbôn* and-*ʾēṯ* *ʿôg* *meleḵ* the-*bāšān* who-*yōšēḇ* in-*ʿaštārōṯ* in-*ʾedrêʿî*", "grammar": { "*hakkōṯô*": "hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his defeating/striking", "*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker", "*sîḥōn*": "proper noun - Sihon", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*hāʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Amorite(s)", "*yōšēḇ*": "qal participle masculine singular - dwelling/sitting/residing", "*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon", "*ʿôg*": "proper noun - Og", "*bāšān*": "proper noun with definite article - the Bashan", "*ʿaštārōṯ*": "proper noun - Ashtaroth", "*ʾedrêʿî*": "proper noun - Edrei" }, "variants": { "*hakkōṯô*": "his defeating/striking/slaying", "*yōšēḇ*": "dwelling/residing/living/sitting" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.5", "source": "בְּעֵ֥בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מוֹאָ֑ב הוֹאִ֣יל מֹשֶׁ֔ה בֵּאֵ֛ר אֶת־הַתּוֹרָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לֵאמֹֽר", "text": "In-*ʿēḇer* the-*yardēn* in-*ʾereṣ* *môʾāḇ* *hôʾîl* *mōšeh* *bēʾēr* *ʾeṯ*-the-*tôrâ* the-*zōʾṯ* *lēʾmōr*", "grammar": { "*ʿēḇer*": "masculine singular construct - region across/beyond", "*yardēn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Jordan", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*môʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Moab", "*hôʾîl*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - began/undertook/was willing", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*bēʾēr*": "piel infinitive construct - to explain/expound/make plain", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*tôrâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the law/instruction", "*zōʾṯ*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying" }, "variants": { "*hôʾîl*": "began/undertook/was willing/determined", "*bēʾēr*": "to explain/expound/make plain/declare", "*tôrâ*": "law/instruction/teaching/direction" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.6", "source": "יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֵ֛ינוּ דִּבֶּ֥ר אֵלֵ֖ינוּ בְּחֹרֵ֣ב לֵאמֹ֑ר רַב־לָכֶ֥ם שֶׁ֖בֶת בָּהָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה", "text": "*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *dibbēr* to-us in-*ḥōrēḇ* *lēʾmōr* enough-for-you *šeḇeṯ* in-the-*hār* the-*zeh*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - our God", "*dibbēr*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - spoke/declared", "*ḥōrēḇ*": "proper noun - Horeb", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*šeḇeṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - dwelling/staying/sitting", "*hār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the mountain", "*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - this" }, "variants": { "*dibbēr*": "spoke/declared/commanded", "*šeḇeṯ*": "dwelling/staying/sitting/remaining" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.7", "source": "פְּנ֣וּ ׀ וּסְע֣וּ לָכֶ֗ם וּבֹ֨אוּ הַ֥ר הָֽאֱמֹרִי֮ וְאֶל־כָּל־שְׁכֵנָיו֒ בָּעֲרָבָ֥ה בָהָ֛ר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָ֥ה וּבַנֶּ֖גֶב וּבְח֣וֹף הַיָּ֑ם אֶ֤רֶץ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִי֙ וְהַלְּבָנ֔וֹן עַד־הַנָּהָ֥ר הַגָּדֹ֖ל נְהַר־פְּרָֽת", "text": "*pənû* and-*səʿû* for-yourselves and-*bōʾû* *har* *hāʾĕmōrî* and-to-all-*šəḵēnāyw* in-the-*ʿărāḇâ* in-the-*hār* and-in-the-*šəpēlâ* and-in-the-*negeḇ* and-in-*ḥôp* the-*yām* *ʾereṣ* the-*kənaʿănî* and-the-*ləḇānôn* unto-the-*nāhār* the-*gāḏōl* *nəhar*-*pərāṯ*", "grammar": { "*pənû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - turn/face", "*səʿû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - journey/depart", "*bōʾû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - come/go/enter", "*har*": "masculine singular construct - mountain of", "*hāʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Amorite(s)", "*šəḵēnāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its neighbors", "*ʿărāḇâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the desert plain/Arabah", "*hār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the mountain/hill country", "*šəpēlâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the lowland/Shephelah", "*negeḇ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the Negev/south", "*ḥôp*": "masculine singular construct - coast/shore of", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sea", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of", "*kənaʿănî*": "proper noun with definite article - the Canaanite(s)", "*ləḇānôn*": "proper noun with definite article - the Lebanon", "*nāhār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the river", "*gāḏōl*": "masculine singular adjective with definite article - the great", "*nəhar*": "masculine singular construct - river of", "*pərāṯ*": "proper noun - Euphrates" }, "variants": { "*pənû*": "turn/face/change direction", "*səʿû*": "journey/depart/set out/move", "*bōʾû*": "come/go/enter/arrive at", "*šəḵēnāyw*": "neighbors/surrounding regions", "*negeḇ*": "Negev/south/southern region" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.8", "source": "רְאֵ֛ה נָתַ֥תִּי לִפְנֵיכֶ֖ם אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ בֹּ֚אוּ וּרְשׁ֣וּ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִשְׁבַּ֣ע יְ֠הוָה לַאֲבֹ֨תֵיכֶ֜ם לְאַבְרָהָ֨ם לְיִצְחָ֤ק וּֽלְיַעֲקֹב֙ לָתֵ֣ת לָהֶ֔ם וּלְזַרְעָ֖ם אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם", "text": "*rəʾēh* *nāṯattî* before-you *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʾāreṣ* *bōʾû* and-*rəšû* *ʾeṯ*-the-*ʾāreṣ* which *nišbaʿ* *YHWH* to-*ʾăḇōṯêḵem* to-*ʾaḇrāhām* to-*yiṣḥāq* and-to-*yaʿăqōḇ* *lāṯēṯ* to-them and-to-*zarʿām* after-them", "grammar": { "*rəʾēh*": "qal imperative masculine singular - see/look/behold", "*nāṯattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have given", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*bōʾû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - come/go/enter", "*rəšû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - possess/take possession of", "*nišbaʿ*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - swore/took an oath", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾăḇōṯêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*ʾaḇrāhām*": "proper noun - Abraham", "*yiṣḥāq*": "proper noun - Isaac", "*yaʿăqōḇ*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*lāṯēṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - to give", "*zarʿām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their seed/offspring" }, "variants": { "*rəʾēh*": "see/look/behold/observe", "*nāṯattî*": "I have given/placed/set", "*rəšû*": "possess/take possession of/inherit", "*nišbaʿ*": "swore/took an oath/pledged", "*zarʿām*": "their seed/offspring/descendants" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.9", "source": "וָאֹמַ֣ר אֲלֵכֶ֔ם בָּעֵ֥ת הַהִ֖וא לֵאמֹ֑ר לֹא־אוּכַ֥ל לְבַדִּ֖י שְׂאֵ֥ת אֶתְכֶֽם", "text": "And-*wāʾōmar* to-you in-the-*ʿēṯ* the-*hî* *lēʾmōr* not-*ʾûḵal* by-myself *śəʾēṯ* you", "grammar": { "*wāʾōmar*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I said", "*ʿēṯ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the time", "*hî*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - that", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*ʾûḵal*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I am able", "*śəʾēṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - to bear/carry" }, "variants": { "*wāʾōmar*": "and I said/spoke/told", "*ʿēṯ*": "time/season/period", "*ʾûḵal*": "I am able/can/am capable", "*śəʾēṯ*": "to bear/carry/support/endure" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.10", "source": "יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם הִרְבָּ֣ה אֶתְכֶ֑ם וְהִנְּכֶ֣ם הַיּ֔וֹם כְּכוֹכְבֵ֥י הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָרֹֽב", "text": "*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêḵem* *hirbâ* you and-*hinnəḵem* the-*yôm* like-*kôḵəḇê* the-*šāmayim* *lārōḇ*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God", "*hirbâ*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - has multiplied", "*hinnəḵem*": "interjection with 2nd masculine plural suffix - behold you", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*kôḵəḇê*": "masculine plural construct - stars of", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the heavens/sky", "*lārōḇ*": "masculine singular noun with preposition - for multitude" }, "variants": { "*hirbâ*": "has multiplied/increased/made many", "*hinnəḵem*": "behold you/look at you", "*lārōḇ*": "for multitude/abundance/greatness" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.11", "source": "יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֣י אֲבֽוֹתֵכֶ֗ם יֹסֵ֧ף עֲלֵיכֶ֛ם כָּכֶ֖ם אֶ֣לֶף פְּעָמִ֑ים וִיבָרֵ֣ךְ אֶתְכֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֥ר לָכֶֽם", "text": "*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăḇôṯêḵem* *yōsēp* upon-you as-you *ʾelep* *pəʿāmîm* and-*wîḇārēḵ* you as-which *dibbēr* to-you", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - God of", "*ʾăḇôṯêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers", "*yōsēp*": "hiphil jussive 3rd masculine singular - may he add", "*ʾelep*": "masculine singular noun - thousand", "*pəʿāmîm*": "feminine plural noun - times", "*wîḇārēḵ*": "piel jussive 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - and may he bless", "*dibbēr*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he spoke" }, "variants": { "*yōsēp*": "may he add/increase/multiply", "*wîḇārēḵ*": "and may he bless/praise/salute", "*dibbēr*": "he spoke/said/promised" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.12", "source": "אֵיכָ֥ה אֶשָּׂ֖א לְבַדִּ֑י טָרְחֲכֶ֥ם וּמַֽשַּׂאֲכֶ֖ם וְרִֽיבְכֶֽם", "text": "How *ʾeśśā* by-myself *ṭorḥăḵem* and-*maśśaʾăḵem* and-*rîḇəḵem*", "grammar": { "*ʾeśśā*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will bear", "*ṭorḥăḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your burden/trouble", "*maśśaʾăḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your load/burden", "*rîḇəḵem*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your strife/dispute" }, "variants": { "*ʾeśśā*": "I will bear/carry/endure", "*ṭorḥăḵem*": "your burden/trouble/labor", "*maśśaʾăḵem*": "your load/burden/cargo", "*rîḇəḵem*": "your strife/dispute/controversy/legal case" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.13", "source": "הָב֣וּ לָ֠כֶם אֲנָשִׁ֨ים חֲכָמִ֧ים וּנְבֹנִ֛ים וִידֻעִ֖ים לְשִׁבְטֵיכֶ֑ם וַאֲשִׂימֵ֖ם בְּרָאשֵׁיכֶֽם", "text": "*hāḇû* for-yourselves *ʾănāšîm* *ḥăḵāmîm* and-*nəḇōnîm* and-*wîḏuʿîm* for-*šiḇṭêḵem* and-*waʾăśîmēm* as-*rāʾšêḵem*", "grammar": { "*hāḇû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - give/provide", "*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - men", "*ḥăḵāmîm*": "masculine plural adjective - wise", "*nəḇōnîm*": "masculine plural adjective - discerning/understanding", "*wîḏuʿîm*": "masculine plural passive participle - known/well-known", "*šiḇṭêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your tribes", "*waʾăśîmēm*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive and 3rd masculine plural suffix - and I will set/appoint them", "*rāʾšêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your heads/leaders" }, "variants": { "*hāḇû*": "give/provide/bring/furnish", "*ʾănāšîm*": "men/people/persons", "*ḥăḵāmîm*": "wise/skillful/experienced", "*nəḇōnîm*": "discerning/understanding/intelligent", "*wîḏuʿîm*": "known/well-known/recognized", "*waʾăśîmēm*": "and I will set/appoint/place/establish them", "*rāʾšêḵem*": "your heads/leaders/chiefs" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.14", "source": "וַֽתַּעֲנ֖וּ אֹתִ֑י וַתֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ טֽוֹב־הַדָּבָ֥ר אֲשֶׁר־דִּבַּ֖רְתָּ לַעֲשֽׂוֹת", "text": "And-*wattaʿănû* me and-*wattōʾmrû* good-the-*dāḇār* which-*dibbartā* *laʿăśôṯ*", "grammar": { "*wattaʿănû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you answered", "*wattōʾmrû*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you said", "*dāḇār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the word/thing", "*dibbartā*": "piel perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have spoken", "*laʿăśôṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - to do" }, "variants": { "*wattaʿănû*": "and you answered/responded", "*wattōʾmrû*": "and you said/spoke/declared", "*dāḇār*": "word/thing/matter/plan", "*dibbartā*": "you have spoken/proposed/suggested", "*laʿăśôṯ*": "to do/make/perform/accomplish" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.15", "source": "וָאֶקַּ֞ח אֶת־רָאשֵׁ֣י שִׁבְטֵיכֶ֗ם אֲנָשִׁ֤ים חֲכָמִים֙ וִֽידֻעִ֔ים וָאֶתֵּ֥ן אֹתָ֛ם רָאשִׁ֖ים עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם שָׂרֵ֨י אֲלָפִ֜ים וְשָׂרֵ֣י מֵא֗וֹת וְשָׂרֵ֤י חֲמִשִּׁים֙ וְשָׂרֵ֣י עֲשָׂרֹ֔ת וְשֹׁטְרִ֖ים לְשִׁבְטֵיכֶֽם", "text": "And-*wāʾeqqaḥ* *ʾeṯ*-*rāʾšê* *šiḇṭêḵem* *ʾănāšîm* *ḥăḵāmîm* and-*wîḏuʿîm* and-*wāʾettēn* them *rāʾšîm* over-you *śārê* *ʾălāpîm* and-*śārê* *mēʾôṯ* and-*śārê* *ḥămišîm* and-*śārê* *ʿăśārōṯ* and-*šōṭrîm* for-*šiḇṭêḵem*", "grammar": { "*wāʾeqqaḥ*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I took", "*rāʾšê*": "masculine plural construct - heads of", "*šiḇṭêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your tribes", "*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - men", "*ḥăḵāmîm*": "masculine plural adjective - wise", "*wîḏuʿîm*": "masculine plural passive participle - known/well-known", "*wāʾettēn*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I gave/appointed", "*rāʾšîm*": "masculine plural noun - heads/leaders", "*śārê*": "masculine plural construct - leaders of", "*ʾălāpîm*": "masculine plural noun - thousands", "*mēʾôṯ*": "feminine plural noun - hundreds", "*ḥămišîm*": "common plural noun - fifties", "*ʿăśārōṯ*": "feminine plural noun - tens", "*šōṭrîm*": "masculine plural participle - officers", "*šiḇṭêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your tribes" }, "variants": { "*wāʾeqqaḥ*": "and I took/selected/chose", "*rāʾšê*": "heads/chiefs/leaders of", "*ʾănāšîm*": "men/people/persons", "*ḥăḵāmîm*": "wise/skillful/experienced", "*wîḏuʿîm*": "known/well-known/recognized", "*wāʾettēn*": "and I gave/appointed/established", "*śārê*": "leaders/commanders/officials of", "*šōṭrîm*": "officers/officials/scribes" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.16", "source": "וָאֲצַוֶּה֙ אֶת־שֹׁ֣פְטֵיכֶ֔ם בָּעֵ֥ת הַהִ֖וא לֵאמֹ֑ר שָׁמֹ֤עַ בֵּין־אֲחֵיכֶם֙ וּשְׁפַטְתֶּ֣ם צֶ֔דֶק בֵּֽין־אִ֥ישׁ וּבֵין־אָחִ֖יו וּבֵ֥ין גֵּרֽוֹ", "text": "And-*wāʾăṣawweh* *ʾeṯ*-*šōpṭêḵem* in-the-*ʿēṯ* the-*hî* *lēʾmōr* *šāmōaʿ* between-*ʾăḥêḵem* and-*ušəpaṭtem* *ṣedeq* between-*ʾîš* and-between-*ʾāḥîw* and-between-*gērô*", "grammar": { "*wāʾăṣawweh*": "piel imperfect 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I commanded/charged", "*šōpṭêḵem*": "masculine plural participle with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your judges", "*ʿēṯ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the time", "*hî*": "feminine singular demonstrative pronoun with definite article - that", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - saying", "*šāmōaʿ*": "qal infinitive absolute - hearing/listening", "*ʾăḥêḵem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your brothers", "*ušəpaṭtem*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine plural with waw conjunction - and you shall judge", "*ṣedeq*": "masculine singular noun - righteousness/justice", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*ʾāḥîw*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*gērô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his foreigner/sojourner" }, "variants": { "*wāʾăṣawweh*": "and I commanded/charged/instructed", "*šōpṭêḵem*": "your judges/magistrates", "*šāmōaʿ*": "hearing/listening/paying attention", "*ʾăḥêḵem*": "your brothers/relatives/kinsmen", "*ušəpaṭtem*": "and you shall judge/decide/govern", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/fairness", "*gērô*": "his foreigner/sojourner/resident alien" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.17", "source": "לֹֽא־תַכִּ֨ירוּ פָנִ֜ים בַּמִּשְׁפָּ֗ט כַּקָּטֹ֤ן כַּגָּדֹל֙ תִּשְׁמָע֔וּן לֹ֤א תָג֙וּרוּ֙ מִפְּנֵי־אִ֔ישׁ כִּ֥י הַמִּשְׁפָּ֖ט לֵאלֹהִ֣ים ה֑וּא וְהַדָּבָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִקְשֶׁ֣ה מִכֶּ֔ם תַּקְרִב֥וּן אֵלַ֖י וּשְׁמַעְתִּֽיו", "text": "Not *takkîrû* *pānîm* in-the-*mišpāṭ*; as-the-*qāṭōn* as-the-*gādōl* *tišmā'ûn*; not *tāgûrû* from-*pənê*-*ʾîš*, for the-*mišpāṭ* to-*ʾĕlōhîm* it; and-the-*dābār* which *yiqšeh* from-you, *taqrîbûn* to-me and-*šāma'tîw*.", "grammar": { "*takkîrû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, hiphil form of *nkr* - 'recognize/acknowledge'", "*pānîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'faces/persons'", "*mišpāṭ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'judgment/legal decision'", "*qāṭōn*": "masculine singular adjective with prefix *kə* - 'small/insignificant'", "*gādōl*": "masculine singular adjective with prefix *kə* - 'great/significant'", "*tišmā'ûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect - 'you shall hear/listen'", "*tāgûrû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, qal form of *gwr* - 'fear/be afraid'", "*pənê*": "construct form of *pānîm* - 'face of'", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun (used as singular) - 'God'", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'word/matter'", "*yiqšeh*": "3rd person masculine singular imperfect, qal form of *qšh* - 'be difficult/hard'", "*taqrîbûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, hiphil form of *qrb* - 'bring near/present'", "*šāma'tîw*": "1st person singular perfect with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'I will hear it'" }, "variants": { "*takkîrû pānîm*": "recognize faces/show partiality/be partial", "*tāgûrû*": "be afraid/fear/be in awe", "*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision/case", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*yiqšeh*": "be difficult/hard/beyond your ability" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.18", "source": "וָאֲצַוֶּ֥ה אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֑וא אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשֽׂוּן", "text": "And-*ʾăṣawweh* *ʾetkem* in-the-*'ēt* the-*hû'* *ʾēt* all-the-*dəbārîm* which *ta'ăśûn*.", "grammar": { "*ʾăṣawweh*": "1st person singular imperfect consecutive, piel form of *ṣwh* - 'command/instruct'", "*ʾetkem*": "direct object marker with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'you'", "*'ēt*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'time'", "*hû'*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun with definite article - 'that'", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*dəbārîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - 'words/things/matters'", "*ta'ăśûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, qal form of *'śh* - 'do/perform'" }, "variants": { "*ʾăṣawweh*": "commanded/instructed/ordered", "*'ēt*": "time/period", "*dəbārîm*": "words/things/matters/commands", "*ta'ăśûn*": "would do/should do/will do" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.19", "source": "וַנִּסַּ֣ע מֵחֹרֵ֗ב וַנֵּ֡לֶךְ אֵ֣ת כָּל־הַמִּדְבָּ֣ר הַגָּדוֹל֩ וְהַנּוֹרָ֨א הַה֜וּא אֲשֶׁ֣ר רְאִיתֶ֗ם דֶּ֚רֶךְ הַ֣ר הֽ͏ָאֱמֹרִ֔י כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֛ה יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ אֹתָ֑נוּ וַנָּבֹ֕א עַ֖ד קָדֵ֥שׁ בַּרְנֵֽעַ", "text": "And-*nissa'* from-*Ḥōrēb* and-*nēlek* *ʾēt* all-the-*midbār* the-*gādôl* and-the-*nôrā'* the-*hû'* which *rəʾîtem*, *derek* *har* the-*ʾĕmōrî*, as-which *ṣiwwāh* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *ʾōtānû*; and-*nābō'* until *Qādēš Barnēa'*.", "grammar": { "*nissa'*": "1st person plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ns'* - 'journey/set out'", "*Ḥōrēb*": "proper noun - geographical location", "*nēlek*": "1st person plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *hlk* - 'go/walk'", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'wilderness/desert'", "*gādôl*": "masculine singular adjective with definite article - 'great/large'", "*nôrā'*": "niphal participle masculine singular with definite article - 'fearful/terrible'", "*hû'*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun with definite article - 'that'", "*rəʾîtem*": "2nd person masculine plural perfect, qal form of *r'h* - 'see'", "*derek*": "construct form - 'way of/path of'", "*har*": "construct form - 'mountain of'", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - 'the Amorite'", "*ṣiwwāh*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, piel form of *ṣwh* - 'command'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'", "*ʾōtānû*": "direct object marker with 1st person plural suffix - 'us'", "*nābō'*": "1st person plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *bw'* - 'come/arrive'", "*Qādēš Barnēa'*": "proper noun - geographical location" }, "variants": { "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*nôrā'*": "fearful/terrible/awesome/dreadful", "*derek*": "way/path/road/journey", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "Amorite/Amorites (people group)", "*ṣiwwāh*": "commanded/ordered/instructed" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.20", "source": "וָאֹמַ֖ר אֲלֵכֶ֑ם בָּאתֶם֙ עַד־הַ֣ר הָאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ נֹתֵ֥ן לָֽנוּ", "text": "And-*ʾōmar* to-you: *bāʾtem* until-*har* the-*ʾĕmōrî* which-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *nōtēn* to-us.", "grammar": { "*ʾōmar*": "1st person singular imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ʾmr* - 'say'", "*bāʾtem*": "2nd person masculine plural perfect, qal form of *bwʾ* - 'come/arrive'", "*har*": "masculine singular construct - 'mountain of'", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - 'the Amorite'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'", "*nōtēn*": "masculine singular participle, qal form of *ntn* - 'give'" }, "variants": { "*bāʾtem*": "you have come/you have arrived", "*har*": "mountain/hill country/highlands", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "Amorite/Amorites (people group)", "*nōtēn*": "giving/is giving/about to give" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.21", "source": "רְ֠אֵה נָתַ֨ן יְהוָ֧ה אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ לְפָנֶ֖יךָ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ עֲלֵ֣ה רֵ֗שׁ כַּאֲשֶׁר֩ דִּבֶּ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י אֲבֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ לָ֔ךְ אַל־תִּירָ֖א וְאַל־תֵּחָֽת", "text": "*rəʾēh*, *nātan* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to-*pānêkā* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ*; *'ălēh* *rēš* as-which *dibber* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhê* *ʾăbōtêkā* to-you; not-*tîrā'* and-not-*tēḥāt*.", "grammar": { "*rəʾēh*": "2nd person masculine singular imperative, qal form of *r'h* - 'see/look'", "*nātan*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, qal form of *ntn* - 'give'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*pānêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your face/before you'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the land/earth'", "*'ălēh*": "2nd person masculine singular imperative, qal form of *'lh* - 'go up/ascend'", "*rēš*": "2nd person masculine singular imperative, qal form of *yrš* - 'possess/inherit'", "*dibber*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, piel form of *dbr* - 'speak'", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct - 'God of'", "*ʾăbōtêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your fathers'", "*tîrā'*": "2nd person masculine singular imperfect, qal form of *yr'* - 'fear'", "*tēḥāt*": "2nd person masculine singular imperfect, niphal form of *ḥtt* - 'be dismayed/terrified'" }, "variants": { "*rəʾēh*": "see/look/behold", "*nātan*": "has given/gives/is giving", "*pānêkā*": "before you/in your presence", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/territory/ground", "*'ălēh rēš*": "go up, possess/ascend, take possession", "*dibber*": "spoke/promised/said", "*tîrā'*": "fear/be afraid", "*tēḥāt*": "be dismayed/terrified/discouraged/broken" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.22", "source": "וַתִּקְרְב֣וּן אֵלַי֮ כֻּלְּכֶם֒ וַתֹּאמְר֗וּ נִשְׁלְחָ֤ה אֲנָשִׁים֙ לְפָנֵ֔ינוּ וְיַחְפְּרוּ־לָ֖נוּ אֶת־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְיָשִׁ֤בוּ אֹתָ֙נוּ֙ דָּבָ֔ר אֶת־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נַעֲלֶה־בָּ֔הּ וְאֵת֙ הֶֽעָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָבֹ֖א אֲלֵיהֶֽן", "text": "And-*tiqrəbûn* to-me, all-of-you, and-*tōʾmrû*: *nišləḥāh* *ʾănāšîm* to-*pānênû* and-*yaḥpərû*-for-us *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ*, and-*yāšîbû* *ʾōtānû* *dābār*, *ʾet*-the-*derek* which *na'ăleh*-in-it and-*ʾēt* the-*'ārîm* which *nābōʾ* to-them.", "grammar": { "*tiqrəbûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *qrb* - 'approach/come near'", "*tōʾmrû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ʾmr* - 'say'", "*nišləḥāh*": "1st person plural cohortative, qal form of *šlḥ* - 'let us send'", "*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'men'", "*pānênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'before us'", "*yaḥpərû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect, qal form of *ḥpr* - 'search out/explore'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the land'", "*yāšîbû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect, hiphil form of *šwb* - 'bring back/return'", "*ʾōtānû*": "direct object marker with 1st person plural suffix - 'us'", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - 'word/report'", "*derek*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the way'", "*na'ăleh*": "1st person plural imperfect, qal form of *'lh* - 'go up'", "*'ārîm*": "feminine plural noun with definite article - 'the cities'", "*nābōʾ*": "1st person plural imperfect, qal form of *bwʾ* - 'come/enter'" }, "variants": { "*tiqrəbûn*": "approached/came near/drew near", "*nišləḥāh*": "let us send/we should send", "*yaḥpərû*": "search out/explore/spy out/investigate", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/territory/country", "*yāšîbû*": "bring back/return/report back", "*dābār*": "word/report/information/matter", "*derek*": "way/road/path/route", "*'ārîm*": "cities/towns/settlements" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.23", "source": "וַיִּיטַ֥ב בְּעֵינַ֖י הַדָּבָ֑ר וָאֶקַּ֤ח מִכֶּם֙ שְׁנֵ֣ים עָשָׂ֣ר אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אִ֥ישׁ אֶחָ֖ד לַשָּֽׁבֶט", "text": "And-*yîṭab* in-*'ênay* the-*dābār*; and-*ʾeqqaḥ* from-you *šənêm* *'āśār* *ʾănāšîm*, *ʾîš* *ʾeḥād* for-the-*šābeṭ*.", "grammar": { "*yîṭab*": "3rd person masculine singular imperfect consecutive, qal form of *yṭb* - 'be good/pleasing'", "*'ênay*": "dual noun with 1st person singular suffix - 'my eyes'", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the word/matter'", "*ʾeqqaḥ*": "1st person singular imperfect consecutive, qal form of *lqḥ* - 'take'", "*šənêm*": "masculine dual construct - 'two of'", "*'āśār*": "masculine numeral - 'ten'", "*ʾănāšîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'men'", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man'", "*ʾeḥād*": "masculine singular numeral - 'one'", "*šābeṭ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the tribe'" }, "variants": { "*yîṭab*": "was good/pleased/was pleasing", "*'ênay*": "my eyes/in my sight/in my opinion", "*dābār*": "word/matter/plan/thing", "*ʾeqqaḥ*": "took/selected", "*ʾîš ʾeḥād lašābeṭ*": "one man for each tribe" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.24", "source": "וַיִּפְנוּ֙ וַיַּעֲל֣וּ הָהָ֔רָה וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ עַד־נַ֣חַל אֶשְׁכֹּ֑ל וַֽיְרַגְּל֖וּ אֹתָֽהּ", "text": "And-*yipnû* and-*ya'ălû* the-*hāhārāh* and-*yābōʾû* until-*naḥal* *ʾEškōl* and-*yəraggəlû* *ʾōtāh*.", "grammar": { "*yipnû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *pnh* - 'turn'", "*ya'ălû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *'lh* - 'go up/ascend'", "*hāhārāh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article and directional suffix - 'to the mountain'", "*yābōʾû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *bwʾ* - 'come/enter'", "*naḥal*": "masculine singular construct - 'valley/wadi of'", "*ʾEškōl*": "proper noun - geographical location", "*yəraggəlû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, piel form of *rgl* - 'spy out/explore'", "*ʾōtāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - 'it'" }, "variants": { "*yipnû*": "turned/faced/went", "*ya'ălû*": "went up/ascended/climbed", "*hāhārāh*": "to the mountain/hill country/highlands", "*naḥal*": "valley/wadi/streambed", "*yəraggəlû*": "spied out/explored/reconnoitered" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.25", "source": "וַיִּקְח֤וּ בְיָדָם֙ מִפְּרִ֣י הָאָ֔רֶץ וַיּוֹרִ֖דוּ אֵלֵ֑ינוּ וַיָּשִׁ֨בוּ אֹתָ֤נוּ דָבָר֙ וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ טוֹבָ֣ה הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ נֹתֵ֥ן לָֽנוּ", "text": "And-*yiqqəḥû* in-*yādām* from-*pərî* the-*ʾāreṣ* and-*yôrîdû* to-us; and-*yāšîbû* *ʾōtānû* *dābār* and-*yōʾmrû*: *ṭôbāh* the-*ʾāreṣ* which-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhênû* *nōtēn* to-us.", "grammar": { "*yiqqəḥû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *lqḥ* - 'take'", "*yādām*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - 'their hand'", "*pərî*": "masculine singular construct - 'fruit of'", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the land'", "*yôrîdû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, hiphil form of *yrd* - 'bring down'", "*yāšîbû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, hiphil form of *šwb* - 'bring back/return'", "*ʾōtānû*": "direct object marker with 1st person plural suffix - 'us'", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - 'word/report'", "*yōʾmrû*": "3rd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ʾmr* - 'say'", "*ṭôbāh*": "feminine singular adjective - 'good'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'our God'", "*nōtēn*": "masculine singular participle, qal form of *ntn* - 'giving'" }, "variants": { "*yiqqəḥû*": "took/gathered", "*pərî*": "fruit/produce", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/country/territory", "*yôrîdû*": "brought down/carried down", "*yāšîbû*": "brought back/returned/gave", "*dābār*": "word/report/information", "*ṭôbāh*": "good/pleasant/rich/fertile", "*nōtēn*": "giving/is giving/about to give" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.26", "source": "וְלֹ֥א אֲבִיתֶ֖ם לַעֲלֹ֑ת וַתַּמְר֕וּ אֶת־פִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם", "text": "And-not *ʾăbîtem* to-*'ălōt*; and-*tamrû* *ʾet*-*pî* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*.", "grammar": { "*ʾăbîtem*": "2nd person masculine plural perfect, qal form of *ʾbh* - 'be willing'", "*'ălōt*": "qal infinitive construct of *'lh* - 'go up'", "*tamrû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, hiphil form of *mrh* - 'rebel/disobey'", "*pî*": "masculine singular construct - 'mouth of'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your God'" }, "variants": { "*ʾăbîtem*": "were willing/wanted/consented", "*'ălōt*": "to go up/to ascend", "*tamrû*": "rebelled/disobeyed/defied", "*pî*": "mouth/command/word" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.27", "source": "וַתֵּרָגְנ֤וּ בְאָהֳלֵיכֶם֙ וַתֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ בְּשִׂנְאַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ אֹתָ֔נוּ הוֹצִיאָ֖נוּ מֵאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם לָתֵ֥ת אֹתָ֛נוּ בְּיַ֥ד הָאֱמֹרִ֖י לְהַשְׁמִידֵֽנוּ", "text": "And-*tērāgənû* in-*ʾohŏlêkem* and-*tōʾmrû*: in-*śinʾat* *YHWH* *ʾōtānû* *hôṣîʾānû* from-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim* to-*lātēt* *ʾōtānû* in-*yad* the-*ʾĕmōrî* to-*hašmîdēnû*.", "grammar": { "*tērāgənû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, niphal form of *rgn* - 'murmur/complain'", "*ʾohŏlêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your tents'", "*tōʾmrû*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ʾmr* - 'say'", "*śinʾat*": "feminine singular construct - 'hatred of'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾōtānû*": "direct object marker with 1st person plural suffix - 'us'", "*hôṣîʾānû*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, hiphil form of *yṣʾ* with 1st person plural suffix - 'brought us out'", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - 'land of'", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - 'Egypt'", "*lātēt*": "qal infinitive construct of *ntn* - 'to give'", "*yad*": "feminine singular construct - 'hand of'", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun with definite article - 'the Amorite'", "*hašmîdēnû*": "hiphil infinitive construct of *šmd* with 1st person plural suffix - 'to destroy us'" }, "variants": { "*tērāgənû*": "murmured/complained/grumbled", "*ʾohŏlêkem*": "your tents/dwellings", "*śinʾat*": "hatred/enmity/hostility", "*hôṣîʾānû*": "brought us out/led us out", "*ʾereṣ Miṣrāyim*": "land of Egypt", "*lātēt*": "to give/to deliver", "*yad*": "hand/power/control", "*ʾĕmōrî*": "Amorite/Amorites (people group)", "*hašmîdēnû*": "to destroy us/annihilate us" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.28", "source": "אָנָ֣ה ׀ אֲנַ֣חְנוּ עֹלִ֗ים אַחֵינוּ֩ הֵמַ֨סּוּ אֶת־לְבָבֵ֜נוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר עַ֣ם גָּד֤וֹל וָרָם֙ מִמֶּ֔נּוּ עָרִ֛ים גְּדֹלֹ֥ת וּבְצוּרֹ֖ת בַּשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְגַם־בְּנֵ֥י עֲנָקִ֖ים רָאִ֥ינוּ שָֽׁם", "text": "*ʾānāh* *ʾănaḥnû* *'ōlîm*? *ʾaḥênû* *hēmassû* *ʾet*-*ləbābēnû* *lēʾmōr*: *'am* *gādôl* and-*rām* from-us, *'ārîm* *gədōlōt* and-*bəṣûrōt* in-the-*šāmāyim*; and-also-*bənê* *'ănāqîm* *rāʾînû* there.", "grammar": { "*ʾānāh*": "interrogative adverb - 'where/to where'", "*ʾănaḥnû*": "1st person plural independent pronoun - 'we'", "*'ōlîm*": "masculine plural participle, qal form of *'lh* - 'going up'", "*ʾaḥênû*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'our brothers'", "*hēmassû*": "3rd person plural perfect, hiphil form of *mss* - 'cause to melt/discourage'", "*ləbābēnû*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person plural suffix - 'our heart'", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct - 'saying'", "*'am*": "masculine singular noun - 'people'", "*gādôl*": "masculine singular adjective - 'great/large'", "*rām*": "masculine singular adjective - 'tall/high'", "*'ārîm*": "feminine plural noun - 'cities'", "*gədōlōt*": "feminine plural adjective - 'great/large'", "*bəṣûrōt*": "feminine plural passive participle, qal form of *bṣr* - 'fortified'", "*šāmāyim*": "masculine dual noun with definite article - 'the heavens'", "*bənê*": "masculine plural construct - 'sons of'", "*'ănāqîm*": "proper noun - 'Anakim'", "*rāʾînû*": "1st person plural perfect, qal form of *r'h* - 'see'" }, "variants": { "*ʾānāh*": "where/to where/where to", "*'ōlîm*": "going up/ascending", "*ʾaḥênû*": "our brothers/kinsmen/fellow Israelites", "*hēmassû*": "melted/discouraged/made fearful", "*ləbābēnû*": "our heart/courage/resolve", "*'am*": "people/nation", "*gādôl*": "great/large/numerous", "*rām*": "tall/high/mighty", "*'ārîm*": "cities/towns", "*bəṣûrōt*": "fortified/walled/defended", "*šāmāyim*": "heavens/sky (meaning very tall)", "*bənê 'ănāqîm*": "sons of Anak/Anakim (race of giants)" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.29", "source": "וָאֹמַ֖ר אֲלֵכֶ֑ם לֹא־תֽ͏ַעַרְצ֥וּן וְֽלֹא־תִֽירְא֖וּן מֵהֶֽם", "text": "And-*ʾōmar* to-you: not-*ta'arṣûn* and-not-*tîrəʾûn* from-them.", "grammar": { "*ʾōmar*": "1st person singular imperfect consecutive, qal form of *ʾmr* - 'say'", "*ta'arṣûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, qal form of *'rṣ* - 'dread/tremble'", "*tîrəʾûn*": "2nd person masculine plural imperfect, qal form of *yr'* - 'fear'" }, "variants": { "*ta'arṣûn*": "dread/tremble/be terrified", "*tîrəʾûn*": "fear/be afraid" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.30", "source": "יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם֙ הַהֹלֵ֣ךְ לִפְנֵיכֶ֔ם ה֖וּא יִלָּחֵ֣ם לָכֶ֑ם כְּ֠כֹל אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֧ה אִתְּכֶ֛ם בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם לְעֵינֵיכֶֽם", "text": "*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem* the-*hōlēk* to-*pənêkem*, he *yillāḥēm* for-you; like-all which *'āśāh* with-you in-*Miṣrayim* to-*'ênêkem*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your God'", "*hōlēk*": "masculine singular participle, qal form of *hlk* with definite article - 'the one who walks'", "*pənêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'before you'", "*yillāḥēm*": "3rd person masculine singular imperfect, niphal form of *lḥm* - 'fight'", "*'āśāh*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, qal form of *'śh* - 'do/make'", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - 'Egypt'", "*'ênêkem*": "dual noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your eyes'" }, "variants": { "*hōlēk*": "who walks/goes/travels", "*pənêkem*": "before you/in front of you", "*yillāḥēm*": "will fight/do battle", "*'āśāh*": "did/performed/accomplished", "*'ênêkem*": "your eyes/in your sight" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.31", "source": "וּבַמִּדְבָּר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר רָאִ֔יתָ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נְשָׂאֲךָ֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשָּׂא־אִ֖ישׁ אֶת־בְּנ֑וֹ בְּכָל־הַדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֲלַכְתֶּ֔ם עַד־בֹּאֲכֶ֖ם עַד־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה", "text": "And-in-the-*midbār* which *rāʾîtā*, which *nəśāʾăkā* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā*, as-which *yiśśā*-*ʾîš* *ʾet*-*bənô*, in-all-the-*derek* which *hălaktem* until-*bōʾăkem* until-the-*māqôm* the-*zeh*.", "grammar": { "*midbār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the wilderness'", "*rāʾîtā*": "2nd person masculine singular perfect, qal form of *r'h* - 'see'", "*nəśāʾăkā*": "3rd person masculine singular perfect, qal form of *nś'* with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'carried you'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your God'", "*yiśśā*": "3rd person masculine singular imperfect, qal form of *nś'* - 'carry'", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - 'man'", "*bənô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his son'", "*derek*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the way'", "*hălaktem*": "2nd person masculine plural perfect, qal form of *hlk* - 'walk/go'", "*bōʾăkem*": "qal infinitive construct of *bw'* with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your coming'", "*māqôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the place'", "*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative - 'this'" }, "variants": { "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*rāʾîtā*": "you saw/observed/experienced", "*nəśāʾăkā*": "carried you/bore you/supported you", "*yiśśā*": "carries/bears/lifts", "*derek*": "way/path/journey/road", "*hălaktem*": "you walked/went/traveled", "*bōʾăkem*": "your coming/arrival", "*māqôm*": "place/location/site" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.32", "source": "וּבַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה אֵֽינְכֶם֙ מַאֲמִינִ֔ם בַּיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם", "text": "And-in-the-*dābār* the-*zeh* *ʾênkem* *maʾămînîm* in-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkem*.", "grammar": { "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the word/matter'", "*zeh*": "masculine singular demonstrative - 'this'", "*ʾênkem*": "particle of negation with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'you are not'", "*maʾămînîm*": "masculine plural participle, hiphil form of *ʾmn* - 'believing'", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*ʾĕlōhêkem*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - 'your God'" }, "variants": { "*dābār*": "word/matter/thing/affair", "*ʾênkem maʾămînîm*": "you do not believe/you are not trusting", "*maʾămînîm*": "believing/trusting/having faith" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.33", "source": "הַהֹלֵ֨ךְ לִפְנֵיכֶ֜ם בַּדֶּ֗רֶךְ לָת֥וּר לָכֶ֛ם מָק֖וֹם לֽ͏ַחֲנֹֽתְכֶ֑ם בָּאֵ֣שׁ ׀ לַ֗יְלָה לַרְאֹֽתְכֶם֙ בַּדֶּ֙רֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תֵּֽלְכוּ־בָ֔הּ וּבֶעָנָ֖ן יוֹמָֽם׃", "text": "The *hōlēk* before you in the *derek*, to *tūr* for you *māqōm* for your *ḥănōt*; in the *ʾēš* by *laylāh* to *rāʾōt* for you in the *derek* which you shall *tēlkū*-in it, and in the *ʿānān* by *yōmām*.", "grammar": { "*hōlēk*": "participle, masculine singular - walking/going", "*derek*": "noun, feminine singular construct - way/road/path", "*tūr*": "infinitive construct - to seek out/explore/search", "*māqōm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - place/location", "*ḥănōt*": "infinitive construct with 2nd person plural suffix - to camp/encamp", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine singular - fire", "*laylāh*": "noun, masculine singular - night", "*rāʾōt*": "hiphil infinitive construct with 2nd person plural suffix - to show/cause to see", "*tēlkū*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will walk/go", "*ʿānān*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud", "*yōmām*": "adverb - by day/daytime" }, "variants": { "*hōlēk*": "the one walking/going/traveling", "*tūr*": "to search out/explore/seek", "*māqōm*": "place/location/site", "*ḥănōt*": "to camp/pitch tents/encamp", "*rāʾōt*": "to show you/cause you to see/make visible to you" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.34", "source": "וַיִּשְׁמַ֥ע יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־ק֣וֹל דִּבְרֵיכֶ֑ם וַיִּקְצֹ֖ף וַיִּשָּׁבַ֥ע לֵאמֹֽר׃", "text": "And *wayyišmaʿ* *YHWH* *ʾet*-*qōl* *dibrêkem*; and *wayyiqṣōp* and *wayyiššābaʿ* *lēʾmōr*.", "grammar": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he heard", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*qōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - voice/sound of", "*dibrêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your words", "*wayyiqṣōp*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he was angry", "*wayyiššābaʿ*": "niphal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he swore", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - saying" }, "variants": { "*wayyišmaʿ*": "and he heard/listened/heeded", "*qōl*": "voice/sound/noise", "*dibrêkem*": "your words/statements/speech", "*wayyiqṣōp*": "and he became angry/was enraged/was wrathful", "*wayyiššābaʿ*": "and he swore/took an oath/pledged" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.35", "source": "אִם־יִרְאֶ֥ה אִישׁ֙ בָּאֲנָשִׁ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה הַדּ֥וֹר הָרָ֖ע הַזֶּ֑ה אֵ֚ת הָאָ֣רֶץ הַטּוֹבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר נִשְׁבַּ֔עְתִּי לָתֵ֖ת לַאֲבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "If *yirʾeh* *ʾîš* among *hāʾănāšîm* *hāʾēlleh*, *haddōr* *hārāʿ* *hazzeh*, *ʾēt* *hāʾāreṣ* *haṭṭōbāh* which *nišbaʿtî* to *lātēt* to your *ʾăbōtêkem*.", "grammar": { "*yirʾeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will see", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person", "*hāʾănāšîm*": "noun, masculine plural with definite article - the men", "*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective, plural - these", "*haddōr*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the generation", "*hārāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the evil/bad", "*hazzeh*": "demonstrative adjective, masculine singular - this", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*haṭṭōbāh*": "adjective, feminine singular with definite article - the good", "*nišbaʿtî*": "niphal perfect, 1st person singular - I swore", "*lātēt*": "qal infinitive construct - to give", "*ʾăbōtêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your fathers" }, "variants": { "*yirʾeh*": "he will see/perceive/experience", "*ʾîš*": "man/person/anyone", "*haddōr*": "generation/age/period", "*hārāʿ*": "evil/bad/wicked", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*haṭṭōbāh*": "good/pleasant/favorable", "*nišbaʿtî*": "I swore/took an oath/pledged", "*ʾăbōtêkem*": "your fathers/ancestors/forefathers" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.36", "source": "זֽוּלָתִ֞י כָּלֵ֤ב בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּה֙ ה֣וּא יִרְאֶ֔נָּה וְלֽוֹ־אֶתֵּ֧ן אֶת־הָאָ֛רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר דָּֽרַךְ־בָּ֖הּ וּלְבָנָ֑יו יַ֕עַן אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִלֵּ֖א אַחֲרֵ֥י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "Except *zūlātî* *Kālēb* *ben*-*Yəpunneh*, he *yirʾennāh*, and to him *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-*hāʾāreṣ* which he *dārak*-in it and to his *bānāyw*, because *ʾăšer* he *millēʾ* after *YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*zūlātî*": "preposition - except/save", "*Kālēb*": "proper noun - Caleb", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Yəpunneh*": "proper noun - Jephunneh", "*yirʾennāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he will see it", "*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will give", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*dārak*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he trod/walked", "*bānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sons", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which/because", "*millēʾ*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he fulfilled/followed fully", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name" }, "variants": { "*zūlātî*": "except for/besides/apart from", "*yirʾennāh*": "he will see it/experience it/possess it", "*ʾettēn*": "I will give/provide/bestow", "*dārak*": "he trod/walked on/stepped on", "*millēʾ*": "he fulfilled/completed/followed fully" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.37", "source": "גַּם־בִּי֙ הִתְאַנַּ֣ף יְהוָ֔ה בִּגְלַלְכֶ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר גַּם־אַתָּ֖ה לֹא־תָבֹ֥א שָֽׁם׃", "text": "Also with me *hitʾannap* *YHWH* because of you *lēʾmōr*: Also you *lōʾ*-*tābōʾ* there.", "grammar": { "*hitʾannap*": "hithpael perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he was angry", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*lēʾmōr*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - saying", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tābōʾ*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you will enter" }, "variants": { "*hitʾannap*": "he was angry/became furious/was enraged", "*tābōʾ*": "you will enter/come to/arrive at" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.38", "source": "יְהוֹשֻׁ֤עַ בִּן‪ נוּן֙ הָעֹמֵ֣ד לְפָנֶ֔יךָ ה֖וּא יָ֣בֹא שָׁ֑מָּה אֹת֣וֹ חַזֵּ֔ק כִּי־ה֖וּא יַנְחִלֶ֥נָּה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*Yəhōšuaʿ* *bin* *Nūn* the *hāʿōmēd* before you, he *yābōʾ* there. *ʾōtō* *ḥazzēq*, for he *yanḥilennāh* *ʾet*-*Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*Yəhōšuaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*bin*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*Nūn*": "proper noun - Nun", "*hāʿōmēd*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one standing", "*yābōʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will enter", "*ʾōtō*": "direct object marker with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - him", "*ḥazzēq*": "piel imperative, masculine singular - strengthen", "*yanḥilennāh*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he will cause to inherit it", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*hāʿōmēd*": "the one standing/serving/attending", "*yābōʾ*": "he will enter/come into/go to", "*ḥazzēq*": "strengthen/encourage/empower", "*yanḥilennāh*": "he will cause to inherit it/give possession of it/apportion it" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.39", "source": "וְטַפְּכֶם֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אֲמַרְתֶּ֜ם לָבַ֣ז יִהְיֶ֗ה וּ֠בְנֵיכֶם אֲשֶׁ֨ר לֹא־יָדְע֤וּ הַיּוֹם֙ ט֣וֹב וָרָ֔ע הֵ֖מָּה יָבֹ֣אוּ שָׁ֑מָּה וְלָהֶ֣ם אֶתְּנֶ֔נָּה וְהֵ֖ם יִירָשֽׁוּהָּ׃", "text": "And your *ṭappəkem* whom you *ʾămartem* to *lābaz* *yihyeh*, and your *bənêkem* who *lōʾ*-*yādəʿū* *hayyōm* *ṭōb* and *rāʿ*, they *yābōʾū* there, and to them *ʾettənennāh*, and they *yîrāšūhā*.", "grammar": { "*ṭappəkem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your little ones", "*ʾămartem*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you said", "*lābaz*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition - to plunder/spoil", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he/it will be", "*bənêkem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sons", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yādəʿū*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they knew", "*hayyōm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the day", "*ṭōb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*rāʿ*": "adjective, masculine singular - evil/bad", "*yābōʾū*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will enter", "*ʾettənennāh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - I will give it", "*yîrāšūhā*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - they will possess it" }, "variants": { "*ṭappəkem*": "your little ones/children/infants", "*lābaz*": "for plunder/prey/spoil", "*yihyeh*": "will be/become/happen", "*yādəʿū*": "they knew/understood/experienced", "*ṭōb*": "good/pleasant/beneficial", "*rāʿ*": "evil/bad/harmful", "*yābōʾū*": "they will enter/come into/go to", "*ʾettənennāh*": "I will give it/provide it/bestow it", "*yîrāšūhā*": "they will possess it/inherit it/take possession of it" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.40", "source": "וְאַתֶּ֖ם פְּנ֣וּ לָכֶ֑ם וּסְע֥וּ הַמִּדְבָּ֖רָה דֶּ֥רֶךְ יַם־סֽוּף׃", "text": "And you *pənū* to yourselves, and *usəʿū* *hammidbbārāh* *derek* *yam*-*sūp*.", "grammar": { "*pənū*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - turn", "*usəʿū*": "qal imperative, masculine plural - journey/travel", "*hammidbbārāh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and directional heh - to the wilderness", "*derek*": "noun, feminine singular construct - way of", "*yam*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sea of", "*sūp*": "noun - Reed/reeds" }, "variants": { "*pənū*": "turn/face/turn around", "*usəʿū*": "journey/travel/set out", "*hammidbbārāh*": "to the wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*derek*": "way/road/path", "*yam*-*sūp*": "Sea of Reeds/Red Sea" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.41", "source": "וַֽתַּעֲנ֣וּ ׀ וַתֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלַ֗י חָטָאנוּ֮ לַֽיהוָה֒ אֲנַ֤חְנוּ נַעֲלֶה֙ וְנִלְחַ֔מְנוּ כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֖נוּ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֑ינוּ וַֽתַּחְגְּר֗וּ אִ֚ישׁ אֶת־כְּלֵ֣י מִלְחַמְתּ֔וֹ וַתָּהִ֖ינוּ לַעֲלֹ֥ת הָהָֽרָה׃", "text": "And *wattaʿănū* and *wattōʾmərū* to me, *ḥāṭāʾnū* to *YHWH*; we *naʿăleh* and *wənilḥamnū* according to all that *ʾăšer*-*ṣiwwānū* *YHWH* our *ʾĕlōhênū*. And *wattaḥgərū*, each man *ʾet*-*kəlê* *milḥamtō*, and *wattāhînū* to *laʿălōt* *hāhārāh*.", "grammar": { "*wattaʿănū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you answered", "*wattōʾmərū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you said", "*ḥāṭāʾnū*": "qal perfect, 1st person common plural - we have sinned", "*naʿăleh*": "qal imperfect, 1st person common plural - we will go up", "*wənilḥamnū*": "niphal perfect with vav consecutive, 1st person common plural - and we will fight", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*ṣiwwānū*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person common plural suffix - he commanded us", "*ʾĕlōhênū*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person common plural suffix - our God", "*wattaḥgərū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you girded", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each", "*kəlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - weapons/tools of", "*milḥamtō*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his war/battle", "*wattāhînū*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you were ready/presumptuous", "*laʿălōt*": "qal infinitive construct with preposition - to go up", "*hāhārāh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and directional heh - to the mountain/hill" }, "variants": { "*wattaʿănū*": "and you answered/responded/replied", "*ḥāṭāʾnū*": "we have sinned/offended/missed the mark", "*naʿăleh*": "we will go up/ascend/climb", "*wənilḥamnū*": "and we will fight/battle/wage war", "*ṣiwwānū*": "he commanded us/ordered us/instructed us", "*wattaḥgərū*": "and you girded/armed/equipped yourselves", "*kəlê*": "instruments/weapons/tools of", "*milḥamtō*": "his war/battle/combat", "*wattāhînū*": "and you were ready/presumed/acted presumptuously", "*hāhārāh*": "to the mountain/hill country/highlands" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.42", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֵלַ֗י אֱמֹ֤ר לָהֶם֙ לֹ֤א תֽ͏ַעֲלוּ֙ וְלֹא־תִלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ כִּ֥י אֵינֶ֖נִּי בְּקִרְבְּכֶ֑ם וְלֹא֙ תִּנָּ֣גְפ֔וּ לִפְנֵ֖י אֹיְבֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to me, *ʾĕmōr* to them, *lōʾ* *taʿălū* and *lōʾ*-*tillāḥămū*, for *ʾênennî* in your *qirbəkem*, and *lōʾ* *tinnāgəpū* before your *ʾōyəbêkem*.", "grammar": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾĕmōr*": "qal imperative, masculine singular - say", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*taʿălū*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will go up", "*tillāḥămū*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will fight", "*ʾênennî*": "particle of negation with 1st person common singular suffix - I am not", "*qirbəkem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your midst", "*tinnāgəpū*": "niphal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you will be struck/defeated", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies" }, "variants": { "*wayyōʾmer*": "and he said/spoke/told", "*ʾĕmōr*": "say/speak/tell", "*taʿălū*": "you will go up/ascend/climb", "*tillāḥămū*": "you will fight/do battle/wage war", "*ʾênennî*": "I am not/I will not be", "*qirbəkem*": "your midst/among you/within you", "*tinnāgəpū*": "you will be struck/defeated/smitten", "*ʾōyəbêkem*": "your enemies/foes/adversaries" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.43", "source": "וָאֲדַבֵּ֥ר אֲלֵיכֶ֖ם וְלֹ֣א שְׁמַעְתֶּ֑ם וַתַּמְרוּ֙ אֶת־פִּ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַתָּזִ֖דוּ וַתַּעֲל֥וּ הָהָֽרָה׃", "text": "And *wāʾădabbēr* to you and *lōʾ* *šəmaʿtem*; and *wattamrū* *ʾet*-*pî* *YHWH*, and *wattāzîdū* and *wattaʿălū* *hāhārāh*.", "grammar": { "*wāʾădabbēr*": "piel imperfect consecutive, 1st person common singular - and I spoke", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šəmaʿtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you heard/listened", "*wattamrū*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you rebelled against", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*wattāzîdū*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you acted presumptuously", "*wattaʿălū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you went up", "*hāhārāh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article and directional heh - to the mountain" }, "variants": { "*wāʾădabbēr*": "and I spoke/talked/said", "*šəmaʿtem*": "you heard/listened/obeyed", "*wattamrū*": "and you rebelled against/disobeyed/defied", "*pî*": "mouth/command/word of", "*wattāzîdū*": "and you acted presumptuously/arrogantly/willfully", "*wattaʿălū*": "and you went up/ascended/climbed", "*hāhārāh*": "to the mountain/hill/highland" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.44", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֨א הָאֱמֹרִ֜י הַיֹּשֵׁ֨ב בָּהָ֤ר הַהוּא֙ לִקְרַאתְכֶ֔ם וַיִּרְדְּפ֣וּ אֶתְכֶ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּעֲשֶׂ֖ינָה הַדְּבֹרִ֑ים וֽ͏ַיַּכְּת֥וּ אֶתְכֶ֛ם בְּשֵׂעִ֖יר עַד־חָרְמָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayyēṣēʾ* the *hāʾĕmōrî* the *hayyōšēb* in *bāhār* *hahūʾ* to *liqrʾatkem*, and *wayyirdəpū* you *kaʾăšer* *taʿăśeynāh* the *dəbōrîm*, and *wayyakkətū* you in *Śēʿîr* as far as *Ḥormāh*.", "grammar": { "*wayyēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he went out", "*hāʾĕmōrî*": "proper noun, masculine singular with definite article - the Amorite", "*hayyōšēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one dwelling", "*bāhār*": "noun, masculine singular with preposition and definite article - in the mountain", "*hahūʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*liqrʾatkem*": "noun, feminine singular construct with preposition and 2nd person masculine plural suffix - to meet you", "*wayyirdəpū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they pursued", "*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction - as/like", "*taʿăśeynāh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine plural - they do", "*dəbōrîm*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the bees", "*wayyakkətū*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they struck", "*Śēʿîr*": "proper noun - Seir", "*Ḥormāh*": "proper noun - Hormah" }, "variants": { "*wayyēṣēʾ*": "and he went out/came out/departed", "*hāʾĕmōrî*": "the Amorite/Amorites (collective singular)", "*hayyōšēb*": "the one dwelling/inhabiting/residing", "*wayyirdəpū*": "and they pursued/chased/followed after", "*taʿăśeynāh*": "they do/make/act", "*dəbōrîm*": "bees/wasps/hornets", "*wayyakkətū*": "and they struck/beat/defeated" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.45", "source": "וַתָּשֻׁ֥בוּ וַתִּבְכּ֖וּ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְלֹֽא־שָׁמַ֤ע יְהוָה֙ בְּקֹ֣לְכֶ֔ם וְלֹ֥א הֶאֱזִ֖ין אֲלֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And *wattāšūbū* and *wattibkū* before *YHWH*; and *lōʾ*-*šāmaʿ* *YHWH* to your *qōləkem*, and *lōʾ* *heʾĕzîn* to you.", "grammar": { "*wattāšūbū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you returned", "*wattibkū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you wept", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*šāmaʿ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he heard", "*qōləkem*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your voice", "*heʾĕzîn*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he gave ear/listened" }, "variants": { "*wattāšūbū*": "and you returned/came back/turned back", "*wattibkū*": "and you wept/cried/mourned", "*šāmaʿ*": "he heard/listened/heeded", "*qōləkem*": "your voice/sound/cry", "*heʾĕzîn*": "he listened/gave ear/paid attention" } }

{ "verseID": "Deuteronomy.1.46", "source": "וַתֵּשְׁב֥וּ בְקָדֵ֖שׁ יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֑ים כַּיָּמִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר יְשַׁבְתֶּֽם׃", "text": "And *wattēšbū* in *Qādēš* *yāmîm* *rabbîm*, like the *yāmîm* *ʾăšer* you *yəšabtem*.", "grammar": { "*wattēšbū*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 2nd person masculine plural - and you dwelled", "*Qādēš*": "proper noun - Kadesh", "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*yəšabtem*": "qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you dwelled" }, "variants": { "*wattēšbū*": "and you dwelled/stayed/remained", "*yāmîm*": "days/period of time", "*rabbîm*": "many/numerous/great", "*yəšabtem*": "you dwelled/stayed/remained" } }