Verse 4

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.4", "source": "אִם־אֲדֹנָיו יִתֶּן־לוֹ אִשָּׁה וְיָלְדָה־לוֹ בָנִים אוֹ בָנוֹת הָאִשָּׁה וִילָדֶיהָ תִּהְיֶה לַאדֹנֶיהָ וְהוּא יֵצֵא בְגַפּוֹ", "text": "*ʾim-ʾadōnāyw* *yitten-lô* *ʾishshāh* *wə-yāldāh-lô* *bānîm* *ʾô* *bānôt* the *ʾishshāh* *wîlādêhā* *tihyeh* *la-ʾadōnêhā* *wə-hûʾ* *yēṣēʾ* *bəgappô*", "grammar": { "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if", "*ʾadōnāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his master", "*yitten-lô*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - gives to him", "*ʾishshāh*": "feminine singular noun - woman/wife", "*wə-yāldāh-lô*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and she bears to him", "*bānîm*": "masculine plural noun - sons", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*bānôt*": "feminine plural noun - daughters", "*wîlādêhā*": "conjunction *wə* + masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and her children", "*tihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she shall be", "*la-ʾadōnêhā*": "preposition *lə* + masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to her master", "*wə-hûʾ*": "conjunction *wə* + 3rd person masculine singular pronoun - and he", "*yēṣēʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall go out/depart", "*bəgappô*": "preposition *bə* + noun *gaph* with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his body/by himself" }, "variants": { "*ʾadōnāyw*": "his master/lord/owner", "*yāldāh*": "she bears/gives birth to", "*wîlādêhā*": "and her children/offspring", "*bəgappô*": "in his body/by himself/alone/single" } }

Verse 6

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.6", "source": "וְהִגִּישׁוֹ אֲדֹנָיו אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִים וְהִגִּישׁוֹ אֶל־הַדֶּלֶת אוֹ אֶל־הַמְּזוּזָה וְרָצַע אֲדֹנָיו אֶת־אָזְנוֹ בַּמַּרְצֵעַ וַעֲבָדוֹ לְעֹלָם", "text": "*wə-higgîshô* *ʾadōnāyw* *ʾel-hā-ʾĕlōhîm* *wə-higgîshô* *ʾel-ha-delet* *ʾô* *ʾel-ha-məzûzāh* *wə-rāṣaʿ* *ʾadōnāyw* *ʾet-ʾoznô* *ba-marṣēaʿ* *wa-ʿabādô* *lə-ʿōlām*", "grammar": { "*wə-higgîshô*": "conjunction *wə* + hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he shall bring him", "*ʾadōnāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his master", "*ʾel-hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - to the God/judges", "*wə-higgîshô*": "conjunction *wə* + hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he shall bring him", "*ʾel-ha-delet*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - to the door", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*ʾel-ha-məzûzāh*": "preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - to the doorpost", "*wə-rāṣaʿ*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he shall pierce", "*ʾet-ʾoznô*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his ear", "*ba-marṣēaʿ*": "preposition *bə* + definite article + masculine singular noun - with the awl", "*wa-ʿabādô*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and he shall serve him", "*lə-ʿōlām*": "preposition *lə* + masculine singular noun - forever/permanently" }, "variants": { "*ʾel-hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "to God/to the judges/to the authorities/to the sanctuary", "*higgîshô*": "bring him near/present him/bring him to", "*rāṣaʿ*": "pierce/bore through", "*lə-ʿōlām*": "forever/for a lifetime/permanently" } }

Verse 8

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.8", "source": "אִם־רָעָה בְּעֵינֵי אֲדֹנֶיהָ אֲשֶׁר־לא לוֹ יְעָדָהּ וְהֶפְדָּהּ לְעַם נָכְרִי לֹא־יִמְשֹׁל לְמָכְרָהּ בְּבִגְדוֹ־בָהּ", "text": "*ʾim-rāʿāh* *bə-ʿênê* *ʾadōnêhā* *ʾasher-lô* *yəʿādāh* *wə-hephdāh* *lə-ʿam* *nokrî* *lō-yimshōl* *lə-mokrāh* *bə-bigdô-bāh*", "grammar": { "*ʾim-rāʿāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - if she is displeasing", "*bə-ʿênê*": "preposition *bə* + feminine dual construct noun - in the eyes of", "*ʾadōnêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her master", "*ʾasher-lô*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - who for himself", "*yəʿādāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - he designated her", "*wə-hephdāh*": "conjunction *wə* + hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - then he shall let her be redeemed", "*lə-ʿam*": "preposition *lə* + masculine singular noun - to a people", "*nokrî*": "masculine singular adjective - foreign", "*lō-yimshōl*": "negative particle + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall not have power", "*lə-mokrāh*": "preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - to sell her", "*bə-bigdô-bāh*": "preposition *bə* + qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix + preposition *bə* with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in his dealing treacherously with her" }, "variants": { "*rāʿāh*": "is displeasing/is evil/is bad", "*yəʿādāh*": "designated her/appointed her/betrothed her", "*hephdāh*": "let her be redeemed/allow her redemption", "*lə-ʿam nokrî*": "to a foreign people/to strangers", "*yimshōl*": "have power/have authority/have right", "*bə-bigdô-bāh*": "in his dealing treacherously with her/in his breaking faith with her" } }

Verse 13

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.13", "source": "וַאֲשֶׁר לֹא צָדָה וְהָאֱלֹהִים אִנָּה לְיָדוֹ וְשַׂמְתִּי לְךָ מָקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יָנוּס שָׁמָּה", "text": "*wa-ʾasher* *lōʾ* *ṣādāh* *wə-hā-ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾinnāh* *lə-yādô* *wə-śamtî* *ləkā* *māqôm* *ʾasher* *yānûs* *shāmmāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾasher*": "conjunction *wə* + relative pronoun - but one who", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṣādāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he lay in wait", "*wə-hā-ʾĕlōhîm*": "conjunction *wə* + definite article + masculine plural noun - but God", "*ʾinnāh*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - caused to meet/delivered", "*lə-yādô*": "preposition *lə* + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to his hand", "*wə-śamtî*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 1st person singular - then I will appoint", "*ləkā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - for you", "*māqôm*": "masculine singular noun - a place", "*ʾasher*": "relative pronoun - where/to which", "*yānûs*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he may flee", "*shāmmāh*": "adverb - there/to there" }, "variants": { "*ṣādāh*": "lay in wait/planned/ambushed/intended", "*ʾinnāh lə-yādô*": "caused to meet his hand/delivered to his hand/caused it to happen", "*śamtî*": "I will appoint/establish/designate", "*māqôm*": "place/location/refuge", "*yānûs*": "he may flee/escape/find refuge" } }

Verse 14

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.14", "source": "וְכִי־יָזִד אִישׁ עַל־רֵעֵהוּ לְהָרְגוֹ בְעָרְמָה מֵעִם מִזְבְּחִי תִּקָּחֶנּוּ לָמוּת", "text": "*wə-kî-yāzid* *ʾîsh* *ʿal-rēʿēhû* *lə-horgô* *bə-ʿormāh* *mē-ʿim* *mizbəchî* *tiqqāchennû* *lāmût*", "grammar": { "*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if", "*yāzid*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he acts presumptuously", "*ʾîsh*": "masculine singular noun - a man", "*ʿal-rēʿēhû*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - against his neighbor", "*lə-horgô*": "preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to kill him", "*bə-ʿormāh*": "preposition *bə* + feminine singular noun - with premeditation/cunning", "*mē-ʿim*": "compound preposition - from", "*mizbəchî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my altar", "*tiqqāchennû*": "qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you shall take him", "*lāmût*": "preposition *lə* + qal infinitive construct - to die" }, "variants": { "*yāzid*": "acts presumptuously/acts with premeditation/schemes", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/his fellow/his friend", "*bə-ʿormāh*": "with premeditation/with cunning/willfully/with deception", "*tiqqāchennû*": "you shall take him/remove him/bring him", "*lāmût*": "to die/to be executed/to be put to death" } }

Verse 18

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.18", "source": "וְכִי־יְרִיבֻן אֲנָשִׁים וְהִכָּה־אִישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ בְּאֶבֶן אוֹ בְאֶגְרֹף וְלֹא יָמוּת וְנָפַל לְמִשְׁכָּב", "text": "*wə-kî-yərîbun* *ʾanāshîm* *wə-hikkāh-ʾîsh* *ʾet-rēʿēhû* *bə-ʾeben* *ʾô* *bə-ʾegrōp* *wə-lōʾ* *yāmût* *wə-nāpal* *lə-mishkāb*", "grammar": { "*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if", "*yərîbun*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + paragogic nun - men quarrel", "*ʾanāshîm*": "masculine plural noun - men", "*wə-hikkāh-ʾîsh*": "conjunction *wə* + hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular + masculine singular noun - and a man strikes", "*ʾet-rēʿēhû*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neighbor", "*bə-ʾeben*": "preposition *bə* + feminine singular noun - with a stone", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*bə-ʾegrōp*": "preposition *bə* + masculine singular noun - with a fist", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction *wə* + negative particle - and not", "*yāmût*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he dies", "*wə-nāpal*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - but falls", "*lə-mishkāb*": "preposition *lə* + masculine singular noun - to bed" }, "variants": { "*yərîbun*": "quarrel/strive/contend with each other", "*hikkāh*": "strikes/hits/wounds", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/his fellow/his friend", "*ʾegrōp*": "fist/closed hand", "*nāpal lə-mishkāb*": "falls to bed/becomes bedridden/is confined to bed" } }

Verse 19

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.19", "source": "אִם־יָקוּם וְהִתְהַלֵּךְ בַּחוּץ עַל־מִשְׁעַנְתּוֹ וְנִקָּה הַמַּכֶּה רַק שִׁבְתּוֹ יִתֵּן וְרַפֹּא יְרַפֵּא", "text": "*ʾim-yāqûm* *wə-hithhallēk* *ba-chûṣ* *ʿal-mishʿantô* *wə-niqqāh* the *makkeh* *raq* *shibtô* *yittēn* *wə-rappōʾ* *yərappēʾ*", "grammar": { "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if", "*yāqûm*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he rises up", "*wə-hithhallēk*": "conjunction *wə* + hithpael perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and walks about", "*ba-chûṣ*": "preposition *bə* + definite article + masculine singular noun - outside/abroad", "*ʿal-mishʿantô*": "preposition *ʿal* + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon his staff", "*wə-niqqāh*": "conjunction *wə* + niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - then shall be acquitted", "*makkeh*": "hiphil participle, masculine singular with definite article - the one who struck", "*raq*": "adverb - only", "*shibtô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his sitting/loss of time", "*yittēn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall give", "*wə-rappōʾ*": "conjunction *wə* + piel infinitive absolute - and healing", "*yərappēʾ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall cause to be healed" }, "variants": { "*yāqûm*": "rises up/gets up/recovers", "*hithhallēk*": "walks about/goes around/moves about", "*mishʿantô*": "his staff/his support/his crutch", "*niqqāh*": "shall be acquitted/shall be free/shall be exempt", "*shibtô*": "his sitting/his lost time/his loss of work", "*rappōʾ yərappēʾ*": "shall surely cause to be healed/shall certainly pay for medical expenses" } }

Verse 20

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.20", "source": "וְכִי־יַכֶּה אִישׁ אֶת־עַבְדּוֹ אוֹ אֶת־אֲמָתוֹ בַּשֵּׁבֶט וּמֵת תַּחַת יָדוֹ נָקֹם יִנָּקֵם", "text": "*wə-kî-yakkeh* *ʾîsh* *ʾet-ʿabdô* *ʾô* *ʾet-ʾamātô* *ba-shēbeṭ* *û-mēt* *tachat* *yādô* *nāqōm* *yinnāqēm*", "grammar": { "*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if", "*yakkeh*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he strikes", "*ʾîsh*": "masculine singular noun - a man", "*ʾet-ʿabdô*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his male servant", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*ʾet-ʾamātô*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his female servant", "*ba-shēbeṭ*": "preposition *bə* + definite article + masculine singular noun - with the rod", "*û-mēt*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he dies", "*tachat*": "preposition - under", "*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his hand", "*nāqōm yinnāqēm*": "infinitive absolute + niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall surely be avenged" }, "variants": { "*yakkeh*": "strikes/hits/beats", "*ʿabdô*": "his male servant/his slave", "*ʾamātô*": "his female servant/his maidservant", "*shēbeṭ*": "rod/staff/stick", "*tachat yādô*": "under his hand/by his hand/immediately", "*nāqōm yinnāqēm*": "shall surely be avenged/shall certainly be punished" } }

Verse 22

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.22", "source": "וְכִי־יִנָּצוּ אֲנָשִׁים וְנָגְפוּ אִשָּׁה הָרָה וְיָצְאוּ יְלָדֶיהָ וְלֹא יִהְיֶה אָסוֹן עָנוֹשׁ יֵעָנֵשׁ כַּאֲשֶׁר יָשִׁית עָלָיו בַּעַל הָאִשָּׁה וְנָתַן בִּפְלִלִים", "text": "*wə-kî-yinnāṣû* *ʾanāshîm* *wə-nāgəpû* *ʾishshāh* *hārāh* *wə-yāṣəʾû* *yəlādêhā* *wə-lōʾ* *yihyeh* *ʾāsôn* *ʿānôsh* *yēʿānēsh* *ka-ʾasher* *yāshît* *ʿālāyw* *baʿal* the *ʾishshāh* *wə-nātan* *bi-phlilîm*", "grammar": { "*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if", "*yinnāṣû*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they strive together", "*ʾanāshîm*": "masculine plural noun - men", "*wə-nāgəpû*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and they strike", "*ʾishshāh*": "feminine singular noun - a woman", "*hārāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - pregnant", "*wə-yāṣəʾû*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and come out", "*yəlādêhā*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her children", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction *wə* + negative particle - but not", "*yihyeh*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - there is", "*ʾāsôn*": "masculine singular noun - harm/injury", "*ʿānôsh yēʿānēsh*": "infinitive absolute + niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall surely be fined", "*ka-ʾasher*": "preposition *kə* + relative pronoun - according to what", "*yāshît*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he imposes", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - upon him", "*baʿal*": "masculine construct noun - husband of", "*ʾishshāh*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the woman", "*wə-nātan*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he shall give", "*bi-phlilîm*": "preposition *bə* + masculine plural noun - by the judges" }, "variants": { "*yinnāṣû*": "strive together/struggle/fight", "*nāgəpû*": "strike/hit/hurt", "*yāṣəʾû yəlādêhā*": "her children come out/she gives birth prematurely/she miscarries", "*ʾāsôn*": "harm/injury/calamity/serious damage", "*ʿānôsh yēʿānēsh*": "he shall surely be fined/he shall certainly pay compensation", "*yāshît*": "imposes/lays/sets", "*bi-phlilîm*": "by the judges/by arbitration/according to assessment" } }

Verse 26

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.26", "source": "וְכִי־יַכֶּה אִישׁ אֶת־עֵין עַבְדּוֹ אוֹ־אֶת־עֵין אֲמָתוֹ וְשִׁחֲתָהּ לַחָפְשִׁי יְשַׁלְּחֶנּוּ תַּחַת עֵינוֹ", "text": "*wə-kî-yakkeh* *ʾîsh* *ʾet-ʿên* *ʿabdô* *ʾô-ʾet-ʿên* *ʾamātô* *wə-shichathāh* *la-chophshî* *yəshallĕchennû* *tachat* *ʿênô*", "grammar": { "*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if", "*yakkeh*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he strikes", "*ʾîsh*": "masculine singular noun - a man", "*ʾet-ʿên*": "direct object marker + construct state of feminine singular noun - the eye of", "*ʿabdô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his male servant", "*ʾô-ʾet*": "conjunction + direct object marker - or", "*ʿên*": "construct state of feminine singular noun - the eye of", "*ʾamātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his female servant", "*wə-shichathāh*": "conjunction *wə* + piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - and destroys it", "*la-chophshî*": "preposition *lə* + masculine singular noun - to freedom", "*yəshallĕchennû*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he shall let him go", "*tachat*": "preposition - in place of", "*ʿênô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his eye" }, "variants": { "*yakkeh*": "strikes/hits/injures", "*shichathāh*": "destroys it/damages it/ruins it", "*yəshallĕchennû la-chophshî*": "he shall let him go free/he shall release him as a free person", "*tachat ʿênô*": "in place of his eye/as compensation for his eye" } }

Verse 28

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.28", "source": "וְכִי־יִגַּח שׁוֹר אֶת־אִישׁ אוֹ אֶת־אִשָּׁה וָמֵת סָקוֹל יִסָּקֵל הַשּׁוֹר וְלֹא יֵאָכֵל אֶת־בְּשָׂרוֹ וּבַעַל הַשּׁוֹר נָקִי", "text": "*wə-kî-yiggach* *shôr* *ʾet-ʾîsh* *ʾô* *ʾet-ʾishshāh* *wā-mēt* *sāqôl* *yissāqēl* the *shôr* *wə-lōʾ* *yēʾākēl* *ʾet-bəśārô* *û-baʿal* the *shôr* *nāqî*", "grammar": { "*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if", "*yiggach*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it gores", "*shôr*": "masculine singular noun - an ox", "*ʾet-ʾîsh*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun - a man", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*ʾet-ʾishshāh*": "direct object marker + feminine singular noun - a woman", "*wā-mēt*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and dies", "*sāqôl yissāqēl*": "infinitive absolute + niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall surely be stoned", "*shôr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the ox", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction *wə* + negative particle - and not", "*yēʾākēl*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall be eaten", "*ʾet-bəśārô*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its flesh", "*û-baʿal*": "conjunction *wə* + masculine construct noun - but the owner of", "*shôr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the ox", "*nāqî*": "adjective, masculine singular - innocent" }, "variants": { "*yiggach*": "gores/attacks with horns", "*sāqôl yissāqēl*": "shall surely be stoned/must certainly be stoned to death", "*yēʾākēl*": "shall be eaten/may be consumed", "*nāqî*": "innocent/exempt from punishment/free from guilt" } }

Verse 29

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.29", "source": "וְאִם שׁוֹר נַגָּח הוּא מִתְּמֹל שִׁלְשֹׁם וְהוּעַד בִּבְעָלָיו וְלֹא יִשְׁמְרֶנּוּ וְהֵמִית אִישׁ אוֹ אִשָּׁה הַשּׁוֹר יִסָּקֵל וְגַם־בְּעָלָיו יוּמָת", "text": "*wə-ʾim* *shôr* *naggāch* *hûʾ* *mittəmōl* *shilshōm* *wə-hûʿad* *bi-bəʿālāyw* *wə-lōʾ* *yishmərennû* *wə-hēmît* *ʾîsh* *ʾô* *ʾishshāh* the *shôr* *yissāqēl* *wə-gam-bəʿālāyw* *yûmāt*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾim*": "conjunction + conjunction - but if", "*shôr*": "masculine singular noun - an ox", "*naggāch*": "piel participle, masculine singular - prone to goring", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - it", "*mittəmōl*": "preposition *min* + masculine singular noun - from yesterday", "*shilshōm*": "masculine singular noun - day before yesterday", "*wə-hûʿad*": "conjunction *wə* + hophal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it was testified", "*bi-bəʿālāyw*": "preposition *bə* + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to its owner", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction *wə* + negative particle - and not", "*yishmərennû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he keeps it in", "*wə-hēmît*": "conjunction *wə* + hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it kills", "*ʾîsh*": "masculine singular noun - a man", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*ʾishshāh*": "feminine singular noun - a woman", "*shôr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the ox", "*yissāqēl*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall be stoned", "*wə-gam*": "conjunction *wə* + adverb - and also", "*bəʿālāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its owner", "*yûmāt*": "hophal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - shall be put to death" }, "variants": { "*naggāch*": "prone to goring/habitually gores", "*mittəmōl shilshōm*": "from yesterday and the day before/previously/for some time", "*hûʿad*": "it was testified/its owner was warned", "*yishmərennû*": "keeps it in/restrains it/guards it", "*hēmît*": "kills/causes to die", "*yûmāt*": "shall be put to death/shall be executed" } }

Verse 35

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.35", "source": "וְכִי־יִגֹּף שׁוֹר־אִישׁ אֶת־שׁוֹר רֵעֵהוּ וָמֵת וּמָכְרוּ אֶת־הַשּׁוֹר הַחַי וְחָצוּ אֶת־כַּסְפּוֹ וְגַם אֶת־הַמֵּת יֶחֱצוּן", "text": "*wə-kî-yiggōph* *shôr-ʾîsh* *ʾet-shôr* *rēʿēhû* *wā-mēt* *û-mākhərû* *ʾet-ha-shôr* the *chay* *wə-chāṣû* *ʾet-kaspô* *wə-gam* *ʾet-ha-mēt* *yechĕṣûn*", "grammar": { "*wə-kî*": "conjunction + conjunction - and if", "*yiggōph*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it injures", "*shôr-ʾîsh*": "masculine singular noun in construct with masculine singular noun - the ox of a man", "*ʾet-shôr*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun - the ox of", "*rēʿēhû*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neighbor", "*wā-mēt*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it dies", "*û-mākhərû*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - then they shall sell", "*ʾet-ha-shôr*": "direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular noun - the ox", "*chay*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the living", "*wə-chāṣû*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - and divide", "*ʾet-kaspô*": "direct object marker + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its money", "*wə-gam*": "conjunction *wə* + adverb - and also", "*ʾet-ha-mēt*": "direct object marker + definite article + masculine singular adjective - the dead animal", "*yechĕṣûn*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + paragogic nun - they shall divide" }, "variants": { "*yiggōph*": "injures/strikes/hurts", "*wā-mēt*": "and it dies/so that it dies", "*mākhərû*": "they shall sell/they must sell", "*chāṣû*": "divide/split/share", "*yechĕṣûn*": "they shall divide/they must share" } }

Verse 36

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.36", "source": "אוֹ נוֹדַע כִּי שׁוֹר נַגָּח הוּא מִתְּמוֹל שִׁלְשֹׁם וְלֹא יִשְׁמְרֶנּוּ בְּעָלָיו שַׁלֵּם יְשַׁלֵּם שׁוֹר תַּחַת הַשּׁוֹר וְהַמֵּת יִהְיֶה־לּוֹ", "text": "*ʾô* *nôdaʿ* *kî* *shôr* *naggāch* *hûʾ* *mittəmôl* *shilshōm* *wə-lōʾ* *yishmərennû* *bəʿālāyw* *shallēm* *yəshallēm* *shôr* *tachat* the *shôr* *wə-ha-mēt* *yihyeh-lô*", "grammar": { "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*nôdaʿ*": "niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it was known", "*kî*": "conjunction - that", "*shôr*": "masculine singular noun - an ox", "*naggāch*": "piel participle, masculine singular - prone to goring", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - it", "*mittəmôl*": "preposition *min* + masculine singular noun - from yesterday", "*shilshōm*": "masculine singular noun - day before yesterday", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction *wə* + negative particle - and not", "*yishmərennû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - he keeps it in", "*bəʿālāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its owner", "*shallēm yəshallēm*": "infinitive absolute + piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall surely make restitution", "*shôr*": "masculine singular noun - an ox", "*tachat*": "preposition - in place of", "*shôr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the ox", "*wə-ha-mēt*": "conjunction *wə* + definite article + masculine singular adjective - and the dead animal", "*yihyeh-lô*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - shall be his" }, "variants": { "*nôdaʿ*": "it was known/it is known/it has been established", "*naggāch*": "prone to goring/habitually gores", "*mittəmôl shilshōm*": "from yesterday and the day before/previously/for some time", "*yishmərennû*": "he keeps it in/restrains it/guards it", "*shallēm yəshallēm*": "he shall surely make restitution/he must certainly pay compensation", "*wə-ha-mēt yihyeh-lô*": "and the dead animal shall be his/he may keep the carcass" } }

Verse 37

{ "verseID": "Exodus.21.37", "source": "כִּי יִגְנֹב־אִישׁ שׁוֹר אוֹ־שֶׂה וּטְבָחוֹ אוֹ מְכָרוֹ חֲמִשָּׁה בָקָר יְשַׁלֵּם תַּחַת הַשּׁוֹר וְאַרְבַּע־צֹאן תַּחַת הַשֶּׂה", "text": "*kî* *yignōb-ʾîsh* *shôr* *ʾô-śeh* *û-ṭəbāchô* *ʾô* *məkhārô* *chamishāh* *bāqār* *yəshallēm* *tachat* the *shôr* *wə-ʾarbaʿ-ṣōʾn* *tachat* the *śeh*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - if", "*yignōb*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he steals", "*ʾîsh*": "masculine singular noun - a man", "*shôr*": "masculine singular noun - an ox", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*śeh*": "masculine singular noun - a sheep", "*û-ṭəbāchô*": "conjunction *wə* + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and slaughters it", "*ʾô*": "conjunction - or", "*məkhārô*": "qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - sells it", "*chamishāh*": "cardinal number, feminine - five", "*bāqār*": "collective noun - cattle/oxen", "*yəshallēm*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he shall repay", "*tachat*": "preposition - in place of", "*shôr*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the ox", "*wə-ʾarbaʿ*": "conjunction *wə* + cardinal number, feminine - and four", "*ṣōʾn*": "collective noun - sheep/flock", "*tachat*": "preposition - in place of", "*śeh*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the sheep" }, "variants": { "*yignōb*": "he steals/he takes illegally", "*ṭəbāchô*": "slaughters it/butchers it", "*məkhārô*": "sells it/disposes of it by sale", "*yəshallēm*": "he shall repay/he shall restore/he shall compensate", "*tachat*": "in place of/as payment for/instead of" } }