Verse 2

{ "verseID": "Hosea.11.2", "source": "קָרְא֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם כֵּ֚ן הָלְכ֣וּ מִפְּנֵיהֶ֔ם לַבְּעָלִ֣ים יְזַבֵּ֔חוּ וְלַפְּסִלִ֖ים יְקַטֵּרֽוּן׃", "text": "They-*qārəʾû* to-them *kēn* they-*hāləkû* from-*pənêhem* to-the-*Bəʿālîm* they-*yəzabbēḥû* and-to-the-*pəsîlîm* they-*yəqaṭṭērûn*.", "grammar": { "*qārəʾû*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd person plural - they called", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*kēn*": "adverb - thus/so", "*hāləkû*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd person plural - they walked/went", "*min-*": "preposition - from", "*pənêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their faces/presence", "*lə-*": "preposition prefix - to/for", "*ha-Bəʿālîm*": "definite article with proper noun, masculine plural - the Baals", "*yəzabbēḥû*": "verb, piel imperfect 3rd person plural - they sacrifice", "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*la-pəsîlîm*": "preposition with definite article and noun, masculine plural - to the carved images/idols", "*yəqaṭṭērûn*": "verb, piel imperfect 3rd person plural - they burn incense/make offerings" }, "variants": { "*qārəʾû*": "called/summoned/invited", "*hāləkû*": "went/walked/departed", "*pənêhem*": "their presence/their faces/from before them", "*Bəʿālîm*": "Baals/lords/masters", "*yəzabbēḥû*": "sacrificed/slaughtered sacrificially", "*pəsîlîm*": "carved images/idols", "*yəqaṭṭērûn*": "burn incense/make offerings by burning" } }

Verse 4

{ "verseID": "Hosea.11.4", "source": "בְּחַבְלֵ֨י אָדָ֤ם אֶמְשְׁכֵם֙ בַּעֲבֹת֣וֹת אַהֲבָ֔ה וָאֶהְיֶ֥ה לָהֶ֛ם כִּמְרִ֥ימֵי עֹ֖ל עַ֣ל לְחֵיהֶ֑ם וְאַ֥ט אֵלָ֖יו אוֹכִֽיל׃", "text": "With-*ḥablê* *ʾādām* I-*ʾemšəkēm* with-*ʿăbōtôt* *ʾahăbâ* and-I-was to-them as-*mərîmê* *ʿōl* upon *ləḥêhem* and-I-*ʾaṭ* to-him *ʾôkîl*.", "grammar": { "*bə-*": "preposition prefix - with/in", "*ḥablê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - cords/ropes", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind/humanity", "*ʾemšəkēm*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I drew them/pulled them", "*bə-*": "preposition prefix - with/in", "*ʿăbōtôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - bands/cords/ropes", "*ʾahăbâ*": "noun, feminine singular - love", "*wā-*": "conjunction with consecutive tense - and", "*ʾehyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular - I was/became", "*lāhem*": "preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them", "*kə-*": "preposition prefix - as/like", "*mərîmê*": "verb, hiphil participle masculine plural construct - lifters of/those who lift", "*ʿōl*": "noun, masculine singular - yoke", "*ʿal*": "preposition - upon/on", "*ləḥêhem*": "noun, masculine dual construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their jaws/cheeks", "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*ʾaṭ*": "verb, hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I reached down/extended/bent down", "*ʾēlāyw*": "preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to him", "*ʾôkîl*": "verb, hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I fed/gave food" }, "variants": { "*ḥablê*": "cords/ropes/bonds", "*ʾādām*": "man/humanity/mankind", "*ʾemšəkēm*": "I drew them/pulled them/led them", "*ʿăbōtôt*": "bands/ropes/cords", "*ʾahăbâ*": "love/affection", "*mərîmê*": "those who lift/raise/remove", "*ʿōl*": "yoke/burden", "*ləḥêhem*": "their jaws/cheeks", "*ʾaṭ*": "bent down/extended/reached", "*ʾôkîl*": "fed/gave food to eat" } }

Verse 6

{ "verseID": "Hosea.11.6", "source": "וְחָלָ֥ה חֶ֙רֶב֙ בְּעָרָ֔יו וְכִלְּתָ֥ה בַדָּ֖יו וְאָכָ֑לָה מִֽמֹּעֲצ֖וֹתֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*ḥālâ* *ḥereb* in-*ʿārāyw* and-*killətâ* *baddāyw* and-*ʾākālâ* from-*mōʿăṣôtêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*ḥālâ*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - it whirled/danced/fell", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*bə-*": "preposition prefix - in", "*ʿārāyw*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his cities", "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*killətâ*": "verb, piel perfect 3rd person feminine singular - it will destroy/consume", "*baddāyw*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his bars/limbs/branches", "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*ʾākālâ*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - it will devour/consume", "*min-*": "preposition - from/because of", "*mōʿăṣôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their counsels/plans" }, "variants": { "*ḥālâ*": "whirled/danced/fell/was grievous", "*ḥereb*": "sword/warfare/destruction", "*ʿārāyw*": "his cities/towns", "*killətâ*": "will destroy/consume/finish", "*baddāyw*": "his bars/limbs/branches/idle talkers", "*ʾākālâ*": "will devour/consume/eat", "*mōʿăṣôtêhem*": "their counsels/plans/devices" } }

Verse 8

{ "verseID": "Hosea.11.8", "source": "אֵ֞יךְ אֶתֶּנְךָ֣ אֶפְרַ֗יִם אֲמַגֶּנְךָ֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֵ֚יךְ אֶתֶּנְךָ֣ כְאַדְמָ֔ה אֲשִֽׂימְךָ֖ כִּצְבֹאיִ֑ם נֶהְפַּ֤ךְ עָלַי֙ לִבִּ֔י יַ֖חַד נִכְמְר֥וּ נִחוּמָֽי׃", "text": "How shall-I-*ʾettenkā* *ʾEfrayim*? shall-I-*ʾămagenkā* *Yiśrāʾēl*? How shall-I-*ʾettenkā* like-*ʾAdmâ*? shall-I-*ʾăśîməkā* like-*Ṣəbōʾyim*? *Nehpak* upon-me *libbî* *yaḥad* *nikmərû* *niḥûmāy*.", "grammar": { "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*ʾettenkā*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will give you/deliver you", "*ʾEfrayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*ʾămagenkā*": "verb, piel imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will deliver/surrender you", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾêk*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*ʾettenkā*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will give you/deliver you", "*kə-*": "preposition prefix - like/as", "*ʾAdmâ*": "proper noun - Admah", "*ʾăśîməkā*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - I will make you/set you", "*kə-*": "preposition prefix - like/as", "*Ṣəbōʾyim*": "proper noun - Zeboiim", "*nehpak*": "verb, niphal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - it is turned/overturned", "*ʿālay*": "preposition with 1st person singular suffix - upon me", "*libbî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my heart", "*yaḥad*": "adverb - together/all at once", "*nikmərû*": "verb, niphal perfect 3rd person plural - they grow warm/are kindled", "*niḥûmāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my compassions" }, "variants": { "*ʾettenkā*": "give you up/deliver you/hand you over", "*ʾămagenkā*": "deliver you/surrender you/shield you", "*ʾAdmâ*": "Admah (city destroyed with Sodom)", "*ʾăśîməkā*": "make you/set you/place you", "*Ṣəbōʾyim*": "Zeboiim (city destroyed with Sodom)", "*nehpak*": "is turned/overturned/changed", "*libbî*": "my heart/mind/inner self", "*nikmərû*": "grow warm/are kindled/are stirred", "*niḥûmāy*": "my compassions/consolations" } }

Verse 9

{ "verseID": "Hosea.11.9", "source": "לֹ֤א אֶֽעֱשֶׂה֙ חֲר֣וֹן אַפִּ֔י לֹ֥א אָשׁ֖וּב לְשַׁחֵ֣ת אֶפְרָ֑יִם כִּ֣י אֵ֤ל אָֽנֹכִי֙ וְלֹא־אִ֔ישׁ בְּקִרְבְּךָ֣ קָד֔וֹשׁ וְלֹ֥א אָב֖וֹא בְּעִֽיר׃", "text": "Not I-*ʾeʿĕśeh* *ḥărôn* *ʾappî* not I-*ʾāšûb* to-*šaḥēt* *ʾEfrayim* for *ʾēl* *ʾānōkî* and-not-*ʾîš* in-*qirbəkā* *qādôš* and-not I-*ʾābôʾ* in-*ʿîr*.", "grammar": { "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will do/execute", "*ḥărôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fierceness/burning", "*ʾappî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my anger/nose", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾāšûb*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will return/turn back", "*lə-*": "preposition prefix - to", "*šaḥēt*": "verb, piel infinitive construct - destroy", "*ʾEfrayim*": "proper noun - Ephraim", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God/deity", "*ʾānōkî*": "personal pronoun, 1st person singular - I/I myself", "*wə-lōʾ-*": "conjunction with negative particle - and not", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man", "*bə-*": "preposition prefix - in", "*qirbəkā*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your midst", "*qādôš*": "adjective, masculine singular - holy/set apart", "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾābôʾ*": "verb, qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will come/enter", "*bə-*": "preposition prefix - in", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city" }, "variants": { "*ʾeʿĕśeh*": "will do/execute/carry out", "*ḥărôn*": "fierceness/burning/heat", "*ʾappî*": "my anger/my nose/my wrath", "*ʾāšûb*": "will return/turn back/again", "*šaḥēt*": "destroy/ruin/corrupt", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/divine being", "*ʾānōkî*": "I/I myself (emphatic)", "*ʾîš*": "man/human/mortal", "*qirbəkā*": "your midst/among you/your inner part", "*qādôš*": "holy/set apart/sacred", "*ʾābôʾ*": "will come/enter/go", "*ʿîr*": "city/town/anger" } }

Verse 11

{ "verseID": "Hosea.11.11", "source": "יֶחֶרְד֤וּ כְצִפּוֹר֙ מִמִּצְרַ֔יִם וּכְיוֹנָ֖ה מֵאֶ֣רֶץ אַשּׁ֑וּר וְהוֹשַׁבְתִּ֥ים עַל־בָּתֵּיהֶ֖ם נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ ס", "text": "They-*yeḥerdû* like-*ṣippôr* from-*Miṣrayim* and-like-*yônâ* from-*ʾereṣ* *ʾAššûr* and-I-*hôšabtîm* upon-*bāttêhem* *nəʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*yeḥerdû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person masculine plural - they will tremble/hasten", "*kə-*": "preposition prefix - like/as", "*ṣippôr*": "noun, feminine singular - bird/sparrow", "*min-*": "preposition - from", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun - Egypt", "*û-kə-*": "conjunction with preposition prefix - and like", "*yônâ*": "noun, feminine singular - dove", "*mē-*": "preposition - from", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*hôšabtîm*": "verb, hiphil perfect 1st person singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will cause them to dwell/settle", "*ʿal-*": "preposition - upon/on", "*bāttêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their houses", "*nəʾum-*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD" }, "variants": { "*yeḥerdû*": "will tremble/hasten/come trembling", "*ṣippôr*": "bird/sparrow", "*yônâ*": "dove/pigeon", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/territory", "*hôšabtîm*": "will cause them to dwell/settle them/bring them to their homes", "*bāttêhem*": "their houses/homes", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/oracle/utterance" } }