Verse 1

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.1", "source": "‫וְֽ֠הָיָה מִסְפַּ֤ר בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ כְּח֣וֹל הַיָּ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹֽא־יִמַּ֖ד וְלֹ֣א יִסָּפֵ֑ר וְֽ֠הָיָה בִּמְק֞וֹם אֲשֶׁר־יֵאָמֵ֤ר לָהֶם֙ לֹֽא־עַמִּ֣י אַתֶּ֔ם יֵאָמֵ֥ר לָהֶ֖ם בְּנֵ֥י אֵֽל־חָֽי׃‬", "text": "And *wəhāyāh* *mispar* *bənê*-*yiśrāʾēl* like *ḥôl* the *yām*, which not-*yimmad* and not *yissāpēr*; and *wəhāyāh* in *māqôm* which-*yēʾāmēr* to-them not-*ʿammî* you, *yēʾāmēr* to-them *bənê* *ʾēl*-*ḥāy*.", "grammar": { "*wəhāyāh*": "conjunction + perfect, 3rd singular, masculine - and it will be/become", "*mispar*": "construct noun, masculine, singular - number of", "*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine, plural - sons/children of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ḥôl*": "noun, masculine, singular - sand", "*yām*": "noun, masculine, singular - sea", "*yimmad*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine - will be measured", "*yissāpēr*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine - will be counted/numbered", "*māqôm*": "noun, masculine, singular - place", "*yēʾāmēr*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine - it will be said", "*ʿammî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my people", "*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine, plural - sons/children of", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine, singular - God/deity", "*ḥāy*": "adjective, masculine, singular - living" }, "variants": { "*wəhāyāh*": "and it will be/become/happen", "*mispar*": "number/count/accounting", "*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*ḥôl*": "sand/grains", "*yām*": "sea/ocean/large body of water", "*yimmad*": "will be measured/quantified", "*yissāpēr*": "will be counted/numbered/accounted", "*māqôm*": "place/location/spot", "*yēʾāmēr*": "it will be said/spoken", "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity/divine being", "*ḥāy*": "living/alive/life-giving" } }

Verse 2

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.2", "source": "‫וְ֠נִקְבְּצוּ בְּנֵֽי־יְהוּדָ֤ה וּבְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יַחְדָּ֔ו וְשָׂמ֥וּ לָהֶ֛ם רֹ֥אשׁ אֶחָ֖ד וְעָל֣וּ מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ כִּ֥י גָד֖וֹל י֥וֹם יִזְרְעֶֽאל׃‬", "text": "And *wəniqbəṣû* *bənê*-*yəhûdāh* and *bənê*-*yiśrāʾēl* *yaḥdāw*, and *wəśāmû* for-them *rōʾš* *ʾeḥād*, and *wəʿālû* from-the-*ʾāreṣ*, for *gādôl* *yôm* *yizrəʿeʾl*.", "grammar": { "*wəniqbəṣû*": "conjunction + niphal perfect, 3rd plural - and they will be gathered", "*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine, plural - sons/children of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine, plural - sons/children of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together", "*wəśāmû*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd plural - and they will set/put", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine, singular - head/leader", "*ʾeḥād*": "numeral, masculine, singular - one", "*wəʿālû*": "conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd plural - and they will go up", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land/earth", "*gādôl*": "adjective, masculine, singular - great", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular - day", "*yizrəʿeʾl*": "proper noun - Jezreel" }, "variants": { "*wəniqbəṣû*": "and they will be gathered/assembled/joined together", "*bənê*": "sons/children/descendants", "*yaḥdāw*": "together/united/as one", "*wəśāmû*": "and they will set/appoint/establish", "*rōʾš*": "head/leader/chief", "*ʾeḥād*": "one/single/united", "*wəʿālû*": "and they will go up/ascend/come up", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground/country", "*gādôl*": "great/large/important", "*yôm*": "day/time/moment", "*yizrəʿeʾl*": "Jezreel (meaning 'God sows/plants')" } }

Verse 4

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.4", "source": "‫רִ֤יבוּ בְאִמְּכֶם֙ רִ֔יבוּ כִּֽי־הִיא֙ לֹ֣א אִשְׁתִּ֔י וְאָנֹכִ֖י לֹ֣א אִישָׁ֑הּ וְתָסֵ֤ר זְנוּנֶ֙יהָ֙ מִפָּנֶ֔יה וְנַאֲפוּפֶ֖יהָ מִבֵּ֥ין שָׁדֶֽיהָ׃‬", "text": "*rîbû* against-*ʾimmekem* *rîbû* for-*hîʾ* not *ʾištî* and *ʾānōkî* not *ʾîšāh*; and let-*tāsēr* *zənûnêhā* from-*pānêhā* and *naʾăpûpêhā* from-between *šādêhā*.", "grammar": { "*rîbû*": "qal imperative, masculine, plural - contend/plead", "*ʾimmekem*": "noun + preposition + pronominal suffix, 2nd plural, masculine - your mother", "*rîbû*": "qal imperative, masculine, plural - contend/plead", "*hîʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd singular, feminine - she", "*ʾištî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my wife", "*ʾānōkî*": "independent personal pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*ʾîšāh*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her husband", "*tāsēr*": "hiphil jussive, 3rd singular, feminine - let her remove", "*zənûnêhā*": "noun, plural + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her harlotries", "*pānêhā*": "noun, plural, construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her face", "*naʾăpûpêhā*": "noun, plural + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her adulteries", "*šādêhā*": "noun, dual + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her breasts" }, "variants": { "*rîbû*": "contend/plead/bring charges against", "*ʾimmekem*": "your mother (collective reference to the nation)", "*ʾištî*": "my wife/spouse", "*ʾîšāh*": "her husband/spouse", "*tāsēr*": "let her remove/put away/turn aside", "*zənûnêhā*": "her harlotries/prostitutions/sexual immoralities", "*pānêhā*": "her face/presence/appearance", "*naʾăpûpêhā*": "her adulteries/acts of unfaithfulness", "*šādêhā*": "her breasts (symbolic of intimacy)" } }

Verse 5

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.5", "source": "‫פֶּן־אַפְשִׁיטֶ֣נָּה עֲרֻמָּ֔ה וְהִ֨צַּגְתִּ֔יהָ כְּי֖וֹם הִוָּֽלְדָ֑הּ וְשַׂמְתִּ֣יהָ כַמִּדְבָּ֗ר וְשַׁתִּ֙הָ֙ כְּאֶ֣רֶץ צִיָּ֔ה וַהֲמִתִּ֖יהָ בַּצָּמָֽא׃‬", "text": "Lest-*ʾapšîṭennāh* *ʿărummāh* and *hiṣṣagtîhā* like-*yôm* *hiwwāldāh*, and *śamtîhā* like-the-*midbār* and *šattihā* like-*ʾereṣ* *ṣiyyāh*, and *hamittîhā* with-the-*ṣāmāʾ*.", "grammar": { "*ʾapšîṭennāh*": "hiphil imperfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - I will strip her", "*ʿărummāh*": "adjective, feminine, singular - naked", "*hiṣṣagtîhā*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - I will set/place her", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular - day", "*hiwwāldāh*": "niphal infinitive construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her being born", "*śamtîhā*": "qal perfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - I will make her", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine, singular - wilderness", "*šattihā*": "qal perfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - I will set her", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land", "*ṣiyyāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - drought/dryness", "*hamittîhā*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - I will kill her", "*ṣāmāʾ*": "noun, masculine, singular - thirst" }, "variants": { "*ʾapšîṭennāh*": "I will strip/undress/remove clothing from her", "*ʿărummāh*": "naked/bare/exposed", "*hiṣṣagtîhā*": "I will set/place/establish her", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*hiwwāldāh*": "her being born/her birth", "*śamtîhā*": "I will make/place/establish her", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*šattihā*": "I will set/place/establish her", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*ṣiyyāh*": "drought/dryness/parched land", "*hamittîhā*": "I will kill/put to death/cause to die", "*ṣāmāʾ*": "thirst/dryness" } }

Verse 7

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.7", "source": "‫כִּ֤י זָֽנְתָה֙ אִמָּ֔ם הֹבִ֖ישָׁה הֽוֹרָתָ֑ם כִּ֣י אָמְרָ֗ה אֵלְכָ֞ה אַחֲרֵ֤י מְאַהֲבַי֙ נֹתְנֵ֤י לַחְמִי֙ וּמֵימַ֔י צַמְרִ֣י וּפִשְׁתִּ֔י שַׁמְנִ֖י וְשִׁקּוּיָֽי׃‬", "text": "For *zāntāh* *ʾimmām*, *hôbîšāh* *hôrātām*; for *ʾāmrāh*, *ʾēlkāh* after *məʾahăbay* *nōtnê* *laḥmî* and *mêmay*, *ṣamrî* and *pištî*, *šamnî* and *šiqqûyāy*.", "grammar": { "*zāntāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she committed fornication", "*ʾimmām*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd plural, masculine - their mother", "*hôbîšāh*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she caused shame", "*hôrātām*": "qal participle + pronominal suffix, 3rd plural, masculine - their conceiver", "*ʾāmrāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she said", "*ʾēlkāh*": "qal cohortative, 1st singular - let me go", "*məʾahăbay*": "piel participle, masculine, plural + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my lovers", "*nōtnê*": "qal participle, masculine, plural, construct - givers of", "*laḥmî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my bread", "*mêmay*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my water", "*ṣamrî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my wool", "*pištî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my flax", "*šamnî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my oil", "*šiqqûyāy*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my drinks" }, "variants": { "*zāntāh*": "she committed fornication/played the harlot", "*ʾimmām*": "their mother (collective reference to the nation)", "*hôbîšāh*": "she caused shame/acted shamefully", "*hôrātām*": "their conceiver/she who conceived them", "*ʾāmrāh*": "she said/spoke/declared", "*ʾēlkāh*": "let me go/I will pursue", "*məʾahăbay*": "my lovers/those who love me/my paramours (reference to false gods)", "*nōtnê*": "givers/providers of", "*laḥmî*": "my bread/food/sustenance", "*mêmay*": "my water/drink", "*ṣamrî*": "my wool/fleece", "*pištî*": "my flax/linen", "*šamnî*": "my oil/fat", "*šiqqûyāy*": "my drinks/beverages" } }

Verse 9

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.9", "source": "‫וְרִדְּפָ֤ה אֶת־מְאַהֲבֶ֙יהָ֙ וְלֹֽא־תַשִּׂ֣יג אֹתָ֔ם וּבִקְשָׁ֖תַם וְלֹ֣א תִמְצָ֑א וְאָמְרָ֗ה אֵלְכָ֤ה וְאָשׁ֙וּבָה֙ אֶל־אִישִׁ֣י הָֽרִאשׁ֔וֹן כִּ֣י ט֥וֹב לִ֛י אָ֖ז מֵעָֽתָּה׃‬", "text": "And *riddəpāh* *ʾet*-*məʾahăbêhā* and not-*taśśîg* *ʾōtām*, and *biqqəšātam* and not *timṣāʾ*; and *ʾāmrāh*, *ʾēlkāh* and *ʾāšûbāh* to-*ʾîšî* the-*rîʾšôn*, for *ṭôb* to-me *ʾāz* than-*ʿāttāh*.", "grammar": { "*riddəpāh*": "piel perfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she will pursue", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*məʾahăbêhā*": "piel participle, masculine, plural + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her lovers", "*taśśîg*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she will overtake", "*ʾōtām*": "direct object marker + pronominal suffix, 3rd plural, masculine - them", "*biqqəšātam*": "piel perfect, 3rd singular, feminine + object suffix, 3rd plural, masculine - she will seek them", "*timṣāʾ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she will find", "*ʾāmrāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she will say", "*ʾēlkāh*": "qal cohortative, 1st singular - let me go", "*ʾāšûbāh*": "qal cohortative, 1st singular - let me return", "*ʾîšî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my husband", "*rîʾšôn*": "adjective, masculine, singular - first", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine, singular - good", "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*ʿāttāh*": "adverb - now" }, "variants": { "*riddəpāh*": "she will pursue/chase after/follow", "*məʾahăbêhā*": "her lovers/those who love her (reference to false gods)", "*taśśîg*": "she will overtake/reach/catch up with", "*biqqəšātam*": "she will seek/search for/look for them", "*timṣāʾ*": "she will find/discover/locate", "*ʾāmrāh*": "she will say/speak/declare", "*ʾēlkāh*": "let me go/I will go", "*ʾāšûbāh*": "let me return/I will return", "*ʾîšî*": "my husband/spouse (reference to YHWH)", "*rîʾšôn*": "first/former/previous", "*ṭôb*": "good/better/pleasant", "*ʾāz*": "then/at that time", "*ʿāttāh*": "now/at present" } }

Verse 10

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.10", "source": "‫וְהִיא֙ לֹ֣א יָֽדְעָ֔ה כִּ֤י אָֽנֹכִי֙ נָתַ֣תִּי לָ֔הּ הַדָּגָ֖ן וְהַתִּיר֣וֹשׁ וְהַיִּצְהָ֑ר וְכֶ֨סֶף הִרְבֵּ֥יתִי לָ֛הּ וְזָהָ֖ב עָשׂ֥וּ לַבָּֽעַל׃‬", "text": "And *hîʾ* not *yādəʿāh* that *ʾānōkî* *nātattî* to-her the-*dāgān* and the-*tîrôš* and the-*yiṣhār*, and *kesep* *hirbêtî* to-her and *zāhāb* *ʿāśû* for-the-*baʿal*.", "grammar": { "*hîʾ*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd singular, feminine - she", "*yādəʿāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she knew", "*ʾānōkî*": "independent personal pronoun, 1st singular - I", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I gave", "*dāgān*": "noun, masculine, singular - grain", "*tîrôš*": "noun, masculine, singular - new wine", "*yiṣhār*": "noun, masculine, singular - fresh oil", "*kesep*": "noun, masculine, singular - silver", "*hirbêtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I multiplied", "*zāhāb*": "noun, masculine, singular - gold", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they made/did", "*baʿal*": "noun, masculine, singular - Baal" }, "variants": { "*yādəʿāh*": "she knew/recognized/acknowledged", "*nātattî*": "I gave/provided/supplied", "*dāgān*": "grain/corn/cereal", "*tîrôš*": "new wine/must", "*yiṣhār*": "fresh oil/olive oil", "*kesep*": "silver/money", "*hirbêtî*": "I multiplied/increased/made abundant", "*zāhāb*": "gold/golden objects", "*ʿāśû*": "they made/fashioned/used", "*baʿal*": "Baal/master/false god" } }

Verse 11

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.11", "source": "‫לָכֵ֣ן אָשׁ֔וּב וְלָקַחְתִּ֤י דְגָנִי֙ בְּעִתּ֔וֹ וְתִירוֹשִׁ֖י בְּמֽוֹעֲד֑וֹ וְהִצַּלְתִּי֙ צַמְרִ֣י וּפִשְׁתִּ֔י לְכַסּ֖וֹת אֶת־עֶרְוָתָֽהּ׃‬", "text": "Therefore *ʾāšûb* and *lāqaḥtî* *dəgānî* in-*ʿittô* and *tîrôšî* in-*môʿădô*; and *hiṣṣaltî* *ṣamrî* and *pištî* to-cover *ʾet*-*ʿerwātāh*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāšûb*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will return", "*lāqaḥtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I will take", "*dəgānî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my grain", "*ʿittô*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, masculine - its time", "*tîrôšî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my new wine", "*môʿădô*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, masculine - its season", "*hiṣṣaltî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will rescue/take away", "*ṣamrî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my wool", "*pištî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my flax", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿerwātāh*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her nakedness" }, "variants": { "*ʾāšûb*": "I will return/turn back/take back", "*lāqaḥtî*": "I will take/snatch/remove", "*dəgānî*": "my grain/corn/cereal", "*ʿittô*": "its time/its proper time/its season", "*tîrôšî*": "my new wine/my must", "*môʿădô*": "its appointed time/its season", "*hiṣṣaltî*": "I will rescue/snatch away/remove", "*ṣamrî*": "my wool/my fleece", "*pištî*": "my flax/my linen", "*ʿerwātāh*": "her nakedness/her shame/her exposed state" } }

Verse 14

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.14", "source": "‫וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֗י גַּפְנָהּ֙ וּתְאֵ֣נָתָ֔הּ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמְרָ֗ה אֶתְנָ֥ה הֵ֙מָּה֙ לִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָֽתְנוּ־לִ֖י מְאַֽהֲבָ֑י וְשַׂמְתִּ֣ים לְיַ֔עַר וַאֲכָלָ֖תַם חַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃‬", "text": "And *hăšimmōtî* *gapnāh* and *təʾēnātāh*, which *ʾāmrāh*, *ʾetnāh* *hēmmāh* to-me, which *nātnû*-to-me *məʾahăbāy*; and *śamtîm* for-*yaʿar*, and *ʾăkālātam* *ḥayyat* the-*śādeh*.", "grammar": { "*hăšimmōtî*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular - I will lay waste", "*gapnāh*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her vine", "*təʾēnātāh*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her fig tree", "*ʾāmrāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she said", "*ʾetnāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - hire/payment", "*hēmmāh*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd plural, masculine - they", "*nātnû*": "qal perfect, 3rd plural - they gave", "*məʾahăbāy*": "piel participle, masculine, plural + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my lovers", "*śamtîm*": "qal perfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd plural, masculine - I will make them", "*yaʿar*": "noun, masculine, singular - forest", "*ʾăkālātam*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular, feminine + object suffix, 3rd plural, masculine - she will eat them", "*ḥayyat*": "construct noun, feminine, singular - beast of", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine, singular - field" }, "variants": { "*hăšimmōtî*": "I will lay waste/devastate/destroy", "*gapnāh*": "her vine/vineyard/grape vine", "*təʾēnātāh*": "her fig tree", "*ʾāmrāh*": "she said/spoke/declared", "*ʾetnāh*": "hire/payment/wages/reward", "*nātnû*": "they gave/provided/supplied", "*məʾahăbāy*": "my lovers/those who love me (reference to false gods)", "*śamtîm*": "I will make/turn/transform them", "*yaʿar*": "forest/thicket/wooded area", "*ʾăkālātam*": "she will eat/consume/devour them", "*ḥayyat*": "beast/animal/living creature of", "*śādeh*": "field/countryside/open country" } }

Verse 15

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.15", "source": "‫וּפָקַדְתִּ֣י עָלֶ֗יהָ אֶת־יְמֵ֤י הַבְּעָלִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר תַּקְטִ֣יר לָהֶ֔ם וַתַּ֤עַד נִזְמָהּ֙ וְחֶלְיָתָ֔הּ וַתֵּ֖לֶךְ אַחֲרֵ֣י מְאַהֲבֶ֑יהָ וְאֹתִ֥י שָׁכְחָ֖ה נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ פ‬", "text": "And *pāqadtî* upon-her *ʾet*-*yəmê* the-*bəʿālîm*, which *taqṭîr* to-them, and *taʿad* *nizmāh* and *ḥelyātāh*, and *tēlek* after *məʾahăbêhā*, and me *šākḥāh* *nəʾum*-*Yhwh*.", "grammar": { "*pāqadtî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I will visit/punish", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yəmê*": "construct noun, masculine, plural - days of", "*bəʿālîm*": "noun, masculine, plural - Baals", "*taqṭîr*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she offered incense", "*taʿad*": "qal imperfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she adorned", "*nizmāh*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her nose ring", "*ḥelyātāh*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her jewelry", "*tēlek*": "qal imperfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she went", "*məʾahăbêhā*": "piel participle, masculine, plural + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her lovers", "*šākḥāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she forgot", "*nəʾum*": "construct noun, masculine, singular - declaration of", "*Yhwh*": "proper noun - YHWH" }, "variants": { "*pāqadtî*": "I will visit/punish/attend to", "*yəmê*": "days/time of", "*bəʿālîm*": "Baals/lords/masters (reference to false gods)", "*taqṭîr*": "she offered incense/burned offerings", "*taʿad*": "she adorned/decorated herself", "*nizmāh*": "her nose ring/jewelry", "*ḥelyātāh*": "her jewelry/ornaments", "*tēlek*": "she went/followed/pursued", "*məʾahăbêhā*": "her lovers/those who love her (reference to false gods)", "*šākḥāh*": "she forgot/neglected/abandoned", "*nəʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle of", "*Yhwh*": "YHWH/the LORD/Yahweh" } }

Verse 17

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.17", "source": "‫וְנָתַ֨תִּי לָ֤הּ אֶת־כְּרָמֶ֙יהָ֙ מִשָּׁ֔ם וְאֶת־עֵ֥מֶק עָכ֖וֹר לְפֶ֣תַח תִּקְוָ֑ה וְעָ֤נְתָה שָּׁ֙מָּה֙ כִּימֵ֣י נְעוּרֶ֔יהָ וִּכְי֖וֹם עֲלֹתָ֥הּ מֵאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרָֽיִם׃ ס‬", "text": "And *nātattî* to-her *ʾet*-*kərāmêhā* from-there, and *ʾet*-*ʿēmeq* *ʿākôr* for-*petaḥ* *tiqwāh*; and *ʿāntāh* there like-*yəmê* *nəʿûrêhā* and like-*yôm* *ʿălôtāh* from-*ʾereṣ*-*miṣrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*nātattî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I will give", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*kərāmêhā*": "noun, masculine, plural + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her vineyards", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿēmeq*": "construct noun, masculine, singular - valley of", "*ʿākôr*": "proper noun - Achor", "*petaḥ*": "construct noun, masculine, singular - door of", "*tiqwāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - hope", "*ʿāntāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd singular, feminine - she will answer/respond", "*yəmê*": "construct noun, masculine, plural - days of", "*nəʿûrêhā*": "noun, masculine, plural + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her youth", "*yôm*": "construct noun, masculine, singular - day of", "*ʿălôtāh*": "qal infinitive construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - her coming up", "*ʾereṣ*": "construct noun, feminine, singular - land of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*nātattî*": "I will give/provide/grant", "*kərāmêhā*": "her vineyards/grape vines", "*ʿēmeq*": "valley/lowland of", "*ʿākôr*": "Achor (meaning 'trouble')", "*petaḥ*": "door/entrance/opening of", "*tiqwāh*": "hope/expectation", "*ʿāntāh*": "she will answer/respond/sing", "*yəmê*": "days/time of", "*nəʿûrêhā*": "her youth/young womanhood", "*yôm*": "day/time of", "*ʿălôtāh*": "her coming up/ascending/going up", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory of", "*miṣrāyim*": "Egypt/Egyptians" } }

Verse 20

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.20", "source": "‫וְכָרַתִּ֨י לָהֶ֤ם בְּרִית֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא עִם־חַיַּ֤ת הַשָּׂדֶה֙ וְעִם־ע֣וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְרֶ֖מֶשׂ הָֽאֲדָמָ֑ה וְקֶ֨שֶׁת וְחֶ֤רֶב וּמִלְחָמָה֙ אֶשְׁבּ֣וֹר מִן־הָאָ֔רֶץ וְהִשְׁכַּבְתִּ֖ים לָבֶֽטַח׃‬", "text": "And *kārattî* for-them *bərît* in-the-*yôm* that, with-*ḥayyat* the-*śādeh* and with-*ʿôp* the-*šāmayim* and *remeś* the-*ʾădāmāh*; and *qešet* and *ḥereb* and *milḥāmāh* *ʾešbôr* from-the-*ʾāreṣ*, and *hiškabattîm* in *lābeṭaḥ*.", "grammar": { "*kārattî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I will cut", "*bərît*": "noun, feminine, singular - covenant", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular - day", "*ḥayyat*": "construct noun, feminine, singular - beast of", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine, singular - field", "*ʿôp*": "construct noun, masculine, singular - bird/fowl of", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine, plural - heavens", "*remeś*": "construct noun, masculine, singular - creeping thing of", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - ground", "*qešet*": "noun, feminine, singular - bow", "*ḥereb*": "noun, feminine, singular - sword", "*milḥāmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - war", "*ʾešbôr*": "qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will break", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land", "*hiškabattîm*": "hiphil perfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd plural, masculine - I will make them lie down", "*lābeṭaḥ*": "preposition + noun, masculine, singular - in safety" }, "variants": { "*kārattî*": "I will cut/make (a covenant)", "*bərît*": "covenant/agreement/treaty", "*yôm*": "day/time", "*ḥayyat*": "beast/animal/living creature of", "*śādeh*": "field/countryside/open country", "*ʿôp*": "bird/fowl/flying creature of", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*remeś*": "creeping thing/reptile/moving creature of", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/earth/soil", "*qešet*": "bow/weapon", "*ḥereb*": "sword/knife/weapon", "*milḥāmāh*": "war/battle/conflict", "*ʾešbôr*": "I will break/shatter/destroy", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*hiškabattîm*": "I will make them lie down/rest/dwell", "*lābeṭaḥ*": "in safety/security/confidence" } }

Verse 25

{ "verseID": "Hosea.2.25", "source": "‫וּזְרַעְתִּ֤יהָ לִּי֙ בָּאָ֔רֶץ וְרִֽחַמְתִּ֖י אֶת־לֹ֣א רֻחָ֑מָה וְאָמַרְתִּ֤י לְלֹֽא־עַמִּי֙ עַמִּי־אַ֔תָּה וְה֖וּא יֹאמַ֥ר אֱלֹהָֽי׃ פ‬", "text": "And *zəraʿtîhā* to-me in-the-*ʾāreṣ*, and *riḥamtî* *ʾet*-not *ruḥāmāh*; and *ʾāmartî* to-not-*ʿammî*, *ʿammî*-you, and he *yōʾmar* *ʾĕlōhāy*.", "grammar": { "*zəraʿtîhā*": "qal perfect, 1st singular + object suffix, 3rd singular, feminine - I will sow her", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine, singular - land", "*riḥamtî*": "piel perfect, 1st singular - I will have mercy", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ruḥāmāh*": "pual passive participle, feminine, singular - having obtained mercy", "*ʾāmartî*": "qal perfect, 1st singular - I will say", "*ʿammî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my people", "*ʿammî*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my people", "*yōʾmar*": "qal imperfect, 3rd singular, masculine - he will say", "*ʾĕlōhāy*": "noun + pronominal suffix, 1st singular - my God" }, "variants": { "*zəraʿtîhā*": "I will sow her/plant her/establish her", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*riḥamtî*": "I will have mercy/compassion/pity", "*ruḥāmāh*": "she who has been shown compassion", "*ʾāmartî*": "I will say/speak/declare", "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*yōʾmar*": "he will say/speak/declare", "*ʾĕlōhāy*": "my God/my deity" } }