{
"verseID": "Isaiah.16.8",
"source": "כִּ֣י שַׁדְמוֹת֩ חֶשְׁבּ֨וֹן אֻמְלָ֜ל גֶּ֣פֶן שִׂבְמָ֗ה בַּעֲלֵ֤י גוֹיִם֙ הָלְמ֣וּ שְׂרוּקֶּ֔יהָ עַד־יַעְזֵ֥ר נָגָ֖עוּ תָּ֣עוּ מִדְבָּ֑ר שְׁלֻ֣חוֹתֶ֔יהָ נִטְּשׁ֖וּ עָ֥בְרוּ יָֽם",
"text": "For *šadmôt* *ḥešbôn* *ʾumlāl* *gepen* *śibmāh* *baʿălê* *gôyim* *hālmû* *śərûqqeyhā* until-*yaʿzēr* *nāgāʿû* *tāʿû* *midbār* *šəluḥôteyhā* *niṭṭəšû* *ʿābrû* *yām*",
"grammar": {
"*šadmôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - fields of",
"*ḥešbôn*": "proper noun - Heshbon",
"*ʾumlāl*": "verb, pulal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - are withered/dried up",
"*gepen*": "noun, feminine singular construct - vine of",
"*śibmāh*": "proper noun - Sibmah",
"*baʿălê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - lords/masters of",
"*gôyim*": "noun, masculine plural - nations",
"*hālmû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - have struck down/beaten",
"*śərûqqeyhā*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its choice branches",
"*yaʿzēr*": "proper noun - Jazer",
"*nāgāʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they reached",
"*tāʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they wandered",
"*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert",
"*šəluḥôteyhā*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its shoots/tendrils",
"*niṭṭəšû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd plural - were spread out/extended",
"*ʿābrû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd plural - they crossed over",
"*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾumlāl*": "withered/dried up/languishing",
"*baʿălê gôyim*": "lords of nations/rulers of nations/masters of nations",
"*hālmû*": "struck down/beaten/broken",
"*śərûqqeyhā*": "its choice branches/its vine tendrils/its red shoots",
"*tāʿû midbār*": "wandered into the wilderness/strayed into the desert",
"*šəluḥôteyhā*": "its shoots/its tendrils/its extensions",
"*niṭṭəšû*": "were spread out/were extended/were abandoned"
}
}