{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.1", "source": "מַשָּׂ֖א מִצְרָ֑יִם הִנֵּ֨ה יְהוָ֜ה רֹכֵ֨ב עַל־עָ֥ב קַל֙ וּבָ֣א מִצְרַ֔יִם וְנָע֞וּ אֱלִילֵ֤י מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ מִפָּנָ֔יו וּלְבַ֥ב מִצְרַ֖יִם יִמַּ֥ס בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃", "text": "*Maśśāʾ* *Miṣrāyim* *hinnēh* *YHWH* *rōḵēḇ* upon-*ʿāḇ* *qal* and-*bāʾ* *Miṣrayim* and-*nāʿû* *ʾĕlîlê* *Miṣrayim* from-*pānāyw* and-*lĕḇaḇ* *Miṣrayim* *yimmas* in-*qirbô*", "grammar": { "*Maśśāʾ*": "construct noun, masculine singular - burden/oracle/utterance", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold/look", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*rōḵēḇ*": "participle, qal, masculine singular - riding", "*ʿāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - cloud/dark cloud", "*qal*": "adjective, masculine singular - swift/light", "*bāʾ*": "participle, qal, masculine singular - coming", "*nāʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - shake/quake/totter", "*ʾĕlîlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - idols of", "*pānāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his face/presence", "*lĕḇaḇ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - heart of", "*yimmas*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will melt", "*qirbô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its midst" }, "variants": { "*Maśśāʾ*": "burden/oracle/utterance/prophetic burden", "*rōḵēḇ*": "riding/mounted upon", "*ʿāḇ*": "thick cloud/dark cloud/rain cloud", "*qal*": "swift/light/insignificant", "*nāʿû*": "shake/quake/totter/tremble/be agitated", "*ʾĕlîlê*": "idols/worthless things/vain things", "*lĕḇaḇ*": "heart/inner person/mind/will", "*yimmas*": "will melt/dissolve/become liquid/be discouraged" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.2", "source": "וְסִכְסַכְתִּ֤י מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם וְנִלְחֲמ֥וּ אִישׁ־בְּאָחִ֖יו וְאִ֣ישׁ בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּ עִ֣יר בְּעִ֔יר מַמְלָכָ֖ה בְּמַמְלָכָֽה׃", "text": "And-*siksakti* *Miṣrayim* against-*Miṣrayim* and-*nilḥămû* *ʾîš*-against-*ʾāḥîw* and-*ʾîš* against-*rēʿēhû* *ʿîr* against-*ʿîr* *mamlāḵāh* against-*mamlāḵāh*", "grammar": { "*siksakti*": "verb, pilpel perfect, 1st person singular - I will stir up/incite", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*nilḥămû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will fight", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man/each one", "*ʾāḥîw*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his brother", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his neighbor/friend", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*mamlāḵāh*": "noun, feminine singular - kingdom" }, "variants": { "*siksakti*": "I will stir up/incite/confuse/instigate strife", "*nilḥămû*": "they will fight/wage war/battle", "*ʾîš*": "man/each one/person", "*ʾāḥîw*": "his brother/fellow/countryman", "*rēʿēhû*": "his neighbor/friend/companion/fellow" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.3", "source": "וְנָבְקָ֤ה רֽוּחַ־מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ בְּקִרְבּ֔וֹ וַעֲצָת֖וֹ אֲבַלֵּ֑עַ וְדָרְשׁ֤וּ אֶל־הָֽאֱלִילִים֙ וְאֶל־הָ֣אִטִּ֔ים וְאֶל־הָאֹב֖וֹת וְאֶל־הַיִּדְּעֹנִֽים׃", "text": "And-*nāḇqāh* *rûaḥ*-*Miṣrayim* in-*qirbô* and-*ʿăṣātô* *ʾăḇallēaʿ* and-*dārĕšû* to-the-*ʾĕlîlîm* and-to-the-*ʾiṭṭîm* and-to-the-*ʾōḇôṯ* and-to-the-*yiddĕʿōnîm*", "grammar": { "*nāḇqāh*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will be emptied/confused", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*qirbô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its midst", "*ʿăṣātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his counsel/plan", "*ʾăḇallēaʿ*": "verb, piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will confound/swallow up", "*dārĕšû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will seek/inquire", "*ʾĕlîlîm*": "noun, masculine plural - idols", "*ʾiṭṭîm*": "noun, masculine plural - charmers/necromancers", "*ʾōḇôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural - mediums/those with familiar spirits", "*yiddĕʿōnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - wizards/soothsayers" }, "variants": { "*nāḇqāh*": "will be emptied/confused/poured out/wasted away", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/wind/breath/mind/courage", "*ʿăṣātô*": "his counsel/plan/advice/wisdom", "*ʾăḇallēaʿ*": "I will confound/swallow up/frustrate/ruin", "*dārĕšû*": "they will seek/inquire/consult/resort to", "*ʾĕlîlîm*": "idols/worthless things/vain things", "*ʾiṭṭîm*": "charmers/necromancers/whisperers/murmurers", "*ʾōḇôṯ*": "mediums/those with familiar spirits/ghost-conjurers", "*yiddĕʿōnîm*": "wizards/soothsayers/fortune-tellers/those who claim supernatural knowledge" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.4", "source": "וְסִכַּרְתִּי֙ אֶת־מִצְרַ֔יִם בְּיַ֖ד אֲדֹנִ֣ים קָשֶׁ֑ה וּמֶ֤לֶךְ עַז֙ יִמְשָׁל־בָּ֔ם נְאֻ֥ם הָאָד֖וֹן יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "And-*sikkartî* *et*-*Miṣrayim* in-*yad* *ʾăḏōnîm* *qāšeh* and-*meleḵ* *ʿaz* *yimšāl*-in-them *nĕʾum* the-*ʾāḏôn* *YHWH* *ṣĕḇāʾôṯ*", "grammar": { "*sikkartî*": "verb, piel perfect, 1st person singular - I will shut up/deliver over", "*et*": "direct object marker", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*ʾăḏōnîm*": "noun, masculine plural - lords/masters", "*qāšeh*": "adjective, masculine singular - harsh/cruel/severe", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*ʿaz*": "adjective, masculine singular - strong/fierce/mighty", "*yimšāl*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will rule", "*nĕʾum*": "noun, masculine singular construct - declaration of", "*ʾāḏôn*": "noun, masculine singular - Lord/master", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*ṣĕḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies" }, "variants": { "*sikkartî*": "I will shut up/deliver over/give up/hand over", "*yad*": "hand/power/control", "*ʾăḏōnîm*": "lords/masters/rulers/cruel owners", "*qāšeh*": "harsh/cruel/severe/difficult/obstinate", "*ʿaz*": "strong/fierce/mighty/powerful/intense", "*yimšāl*": "he will rule/reign/govern/have dominion", "*nĕʾum*": "declaration/utterance/oracle/saying", "*ʾāḏôn*": "Lord/master/owner", "*ṣĕḇāʾôṯ*": "hosts/armies/multitudes" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.5", "source": "וְנִשְּׁתוּ־מַ֖יִם מֵֽהַיָּ֑ם וְנָהָ֖ר יֶחֱרַ֥ב וְיָבֵֽשׁ׃", "text": "And-*niššĕṯû*-*mayim* from-the-*yām* and-*nāhār* *yeḥĕraḇ* and-*yāḇēš*", "grammar": { "*niššĕṯû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will be dried up/fail", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular - sea", "*nāhār*": "noun, masculine singular - river", "*yeḥĕraḇ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be dried up/waste away", "*yāḇēš*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be dry/withered" }, "variants": { "*niššĕṯû*": "they will be dried up/fail/be consumed/vanish", "*mayim*": "waters/water", "*yām*": "sea/large body of water/west", "*nāhār*": "river/stream/canal", "*yeḥĕraḇ*": "will be dried up/waste away/be in ruins/be desolate", "*yāḇēš*": "will be dry/withered/dried out/parched" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.6", "source": "וְהֶאֶזְנִ֣יחוּ נְהָר֔וֹת דָּלֲל֥וּ וְחָרְב֖וּ יְאֹרֵ֣י מָצ֑וֹר קָנֶ֥ה וָס֖וּף קָמֵֽלוּ׃", "text": "And-*heʾeznîḥû* *nĕhārôṯ* *dālălû* and-*ḥārḇû* *yĕʾōrê* *māṣôr* *qāneh* and-*sûp̄* *qāmēlû*", "grammar": { "*heʾeznîḥû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they will become foul/stink", "*nĕhārôṯ*": "noun, masculine plural - rivers", "*dālălû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will be low/diminished", "*ḥārḇû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will be dried up", "*yĕʾōrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - canals of", "*māṣôr*": "proper noun - Egypt/fortress", "*qāneh*": "noun, masculine singular - reed/stalk", "*sûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular - reeds/rushes", "*qāmēlû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will wither/dry up" }, "variants": { "*heʾeznîḥû*": "they will become foul/stink/be putrid/emit stench", "*nĕhārôṯ*": "rivers/streams/canals", "*dālălû*": "they will be low/diminished/brought low/thin", "*ḥārḇû*": "they will be dried up/desolate/waste", "*yĕʾōrê*": "canals/channels/Nile streams", "*māṣôr*": "Egypt/fortress/siege/distress", "*qāneh*": "reed/stalk/measuring rod/branch", "*sûp̄*": "reeds/rushes/water plants", "*qāmēlû*": "they will wither/dry up/fade/shrivel" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.7", "source": "עָר֥וֹת עַל־יְא֖וֹר עַל־פִּ֣י יְא֑וֹר וְכֹל֙ מִזְרַ֣ע יְא֔וֹר יִיבַ֥שׁ נִדַּ֖ף וְאֵינֶֽנּוּ׃", "text": "*ʿārôṯ* upon-*yĕʾôr* upon-*pî* *yĕʾôr* and-all *mizraʿ* *yĕʾôr* *yîḇaš* *niddap̄* and-*ʾênenû*", "grammar": { "*ʿārôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - bare places/meadows", "*yĕʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular - Nile/stream/canal", "*pî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - mouth of", "*mizraʿ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - sowing place of", "*yîḇaš*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will dry up", "*niddap̄*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be blown away", "*ʾênenû*": "negative particle with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - it is not" }, "variants": { "*ʿārôṯ*": "bare places/meadows/exposed areas/pastures", "*yĕʾôr*": "Nile/stream/canal/watercourse", "*pî*": "mouth/opening/edge", "*mizraʿ*": "sowing place/seed/vegetation/planted area", "*yîḇaš*": "will dry up/be withered/be parched", "*niddap̄*": "will be blown away/driven away/scattered", "*ʾênenû*": "it is not/it is no more/vanished" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.8", "source": "וְאָנוּ֙ הַדַּיָּגִ֔ים וְאָ֣בְל֔וּ כָּל־מַשְׁלִיכֵ֥י בַיְא֖וֹר חַכָּ֑ה וּפֹרְשֵׂ֥י מִכְמֹ֛רֶת עַל־פְּנֵי־מַ֖יִם אֻמְלָֽלוּ׃", "text": "And-*ʾānû* the-*dayyāḡîm* and-*ʾāḇĕlû* all-*mašlîḵê* in-the-*yĕʾôr* *ḥakkāh* and-*p̄ōrĕśê* *miḵmōreṯ* upon-*pĕnê*-*mayim* *ʾumlālû*", "grammar": { "*ʾānû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will mourn/lament", "*dayyāḡîm*": "noun, masculine plural - fishermen", "*ʾāḇĕlû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will mourn", "*mašlîḵê*": "participle, hiphil, masculine plural construct - those casting", "*yĕʾôr*": "noun, masculine singular - Nile/stream/canal", "*ḥakkāh*": "noun, feminine singular - fishhook/hook", "*p̄ōrĕśê*": "participle, qal, masculine plural construct - those spreading", "*miḵmōreṯ*": "noun, feminine singular - net/fishing net", "*pĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/surface of", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - waters", "*ʾumlālû*": "verb, pual perfect, 3rd person plural - they will languish/be weak" }, "variants": { "*ʾānû*": "they will mourn/lament/groan", "*dayyāḡîm*": "fishermen/fishers", "*ʾāḇĕlû*": "they will mourn/grieve/lament", "*mašlîḵê*": "those casting/throwing/hurling", "*ḥakkāh*": "fishhook/hook/barb", "*p̄ōrĕśê*": "those spreading/stretching out/extending", "*miḵmōreṯ*": "net/fishing net/dragnet", "*pĕnê*": "face/surface/front", "*ʾumlālû*": "they will languish/be weak/feeble/wretched" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.9", "source": "וּבֹ֛שׁוּ עֹבְדֵ֥י פִשְׁתִּ֖ים שְׂרִיק֑וֹת וְאֹרְגִ֖ים חוֹרָֽי׃", "text": "And-*ḇōšû* *ʿōḇdê* *p̄ištîm* *śĕrîqôṯ* and-*ʾōrĕḡîm* *ḥôrāy*", "grammar": { "*ḇōšû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will be ashamed", "*ʿōḇdê*": "participle, qal, masculine plural construct - workers of", "*p̄ištîm*": "noun, masculine plural - flax/linen", "*śĕrîqôṯ*": "adjective, feminine plural - combed/fine", "*ʾōrĕḡîm*": "participle, qal, masculine plural - weavers", "*ḥôrāy*": "noun, masculine plural - white cloth/white fabric" }, "variants": { "*ḇōšû*": "they will be ashamed/put to shame/disappointed/confounded", "*ʿōḇdê*": "workers of/those who work with/processors of", "*p̄ištîm*": "flax/linen/fiber plant", "*śĕrîqôṯ*": "combed/fine/dressed/prepared", "*ʾōrĕḡîm*": "weavers/those who weave", "*ḥôrāy*": "white cloth/white fabric/fine linen/white cotton" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.10", "source": "וְהָי֥וּ שָׁתֹתֶ֖יהָ מְדֻכָּאִ֑ים כָּל־עֹ֥שֵׂי שֶׂ֖כֶר אַגְמֵי־נָֽפֶשׁ׃", "text": "And-*hāyû* *šāṯōṯeyhā* *mĕḏukkāʾîm* all-*ʿōśê* *śeḵer* *ʾaḡmê*-*nāp̄eš*", "grammar": { "*hāyû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will be", "*šāṯōṯeyhā*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her foundations", "*mĕḏukkāʾîm*": "participle, pual, masculine plural - crushed/broken", "*ʿōśê*": "participle, qal, masculine plural construct - makers of", "*śeḵer*": "noun, masculine singular - wages/payment/hire", "*ʾaḡmê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - gloomy/sad of", "*nāp̄eš*": "noun, feminine singular - soul/life/self" }, "variants": { "*šāṯōṯeyhā*": "her foundations/pillars/supports", "*mĕḏukkāʾîm*": "crushed/broken/shattered/oppressed", "*ʿōśê*": "makers of/those who make/workers of", "*śeḵer*": "wages/payment/hire/reward", "*ʾaḡmê*": "gloomy/sad/grieved/troubled", "*nāp̄eš*": "soul/life/self/inner being/desire" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.11", "source": "אַךְ־אֱוִלִים֙ שָׂ֣רֵי צֹ֔עַן חַכְמֵי֙ יֹעֲצֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֔ה עֵצָ֖ה נִבְעָרָ֑ה אֵ֚יךְ תֹּאמְר֣וּ אֶל־פַּרְעֹ֔ה בֶּן־חֲכָמִ֥ים אֲנִ֖י בֶּן־מַלְכֵי־קֶֽדֶם׃", "text": "Surely-*ʾĕwîlîm* *śārê* *Ṣōʿan* *ḥaḵmê* *yōʿăṣê* *Parʿōh* *ʿēṣāh* *niḇʿārāh* how *tōʾmĕrû* to-*Parʿōh* *ben*-*ḥăḵāmîm* *ʾănî* *ben*-*malḵê*-*qeḏem*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕwîlîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - foolish", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - princes/officials of", "*Ṣōʿan*": "proper noun - Zoan (city in Egypt)", "*ḥaḵmê*": "adjective, masculine plural construct - wise men of", "*yōʿăṣê*": "participle, qal, masculine plural construct - counselors of", "*Parʿōh*": "proper noun - Pharaoh", "*ʿēṣāh*": "noun, feminine singular - counsel/advice", "*niḇʿārāh*": "verb, niphal participle, feminine singular - brutish/stupid/senseless", "*tōʾmĕrû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you say", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*ḥăḵāmîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - wise men", "*ʾănî*": "pronoun, 1st person singular - I", "*malḵê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - kings of", "*qeḏem*": "noun, masculine singular - ancient times/east" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕwîlîm*": "foolish/fools/stupid", "*śārê*": "princes/officials/nobles/chiefs", "*ḥaḵmê*": "wise men of/sages of", "*yōʿăṣê*": "counselors of/advisors of", "*ʿēṣāh*": "counsel/advice/plan/wisdom", "*niḇʿārāh*": "brutish/stupid/senseless/foolish", "*ben*": "son of/descendant of", "*ḥăḵāmîm*": "wise men/sages/scholars", "*qeḏem*": "ancient times/antiquity/east/former times" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.12", "source": "אַיָּם֙ אֵפ֣וֹא חֲכָמֶ֔יךָ וְיַגִּ֥ידוּ נָ֖א לָ֑ךְ וְיֵ֣דְע֔וּ מַה־יָּעַ֛ץ יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת עַל־מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "Where-*ʾayyām* indeed *ḥăḵāmeḵā* and-*yaggîḏû* please to-you and-*yēḏĕʿû* what-*yāʿaṣ* *YHWH* *ṣĕḇāʾôṯ* upon-*Miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*ʾayyām*": "interrogative adverb with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - where are they", "*ḥăḵāmeḵā*": "adjective, masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your wise men", "*yaggîḏû*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - let them tell/declare", "*yēḏĕʿû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - let them know", "*yāʿaṣ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has purposed/planned", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*ṣĕḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*ʾayyām*": "where are they/where", "*ḥăḵāmeḵā*": "your wise men/your sages/your advisors", "*yaggîḏû*": "let them tell/declare/announce/make known", "*yēḏĕʿû*": "let them know/understand/recognize", "*yāʿaṣ*": "has purposed/planned/determined/decided" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.13", "source": "נֽוֹאֲלוּ֙ שָׂ֣רֵי צֹ֔עַן נִשְּׁא֖וּ שָׂ֣רֵי נֹ֑ף הִתְע֥וּ אֶת־מִצְרַ֖יִם פִּנַּ֥ת שְׁבָטֶֽיהָ׃", "text": "*Nôʾălû* *śārê* *Ṣōʿan* *niššĕʾû* *śārê* *Nōp̄* *hiṯʿû* *et*-*Miṣrayim* *pinnaṯ* *šĕḇāṭeyhā*", "grammar": { "*Nôʾălû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are foolish/deluded", "*śārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - princes/officials of", "*Ṣōʿan*": "proper noun - Zoan (city in Egypt)", "*niššĕʾû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are deceived", "*Nōp̄*": "proper noun - Memphis (city in Egypt)", "*hiṯʿû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they have led astray", "*et*": "direct object marker", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*pinnaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - cornerstone of", "*šĕḇāṭeyhā*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her tribes" }, "variants": { "*Nôʾălû*": "they are foolish/deluded/have become fools", "*śārê*": "princes/officials/nobles/chiefs", "*niššĕʾû*": "they are deceived/led astray/misled/beguiled", "*hiṯʿû*": "they have led astray/caused to err/misled/deceived", "*pinnaṯ*": "cornerstone of/corner of/chief of", "*šĕḇāṭeyhā*": "her tribes/her clans/her people" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.14", "source": "יְהוָ֛ה מָסַ֥ךְ בְּקִרְבָּ֖הּ ר֣וּחַ עִוְעִ֑ים וְהִתְע֤וּ אֶת־מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ בְּכָֽל־מַעֲשֵׂ֔הוּ כְּהִתָּע֥וֹת שִׁכּ֖וֹר בְּקִיאֽוֹ׃", "text": "*YHWH* *māsaḵ* in-*qirbbāh* *rûaḥ* *ʿiwʿîm* and-*hiṯʿû* *et*-*Miṣrayim* in-all-*maʿăśēhû* like-*hittāʿôṯ* *šikkôr* in-*qîʾô*", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*māsaḵ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has mixed/poured", "*qirbbāh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her midst", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - spirit of", "*ʿiwʿîm*": "noun, masculine plural - distortion/perversion", "*hiṯʿû*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person plural - they have led astray", "*et*": "direct object marker", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*maʿăśēhû*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its work", "*hittāʿôṯ*": "verb, hithpael infinitive construct - staggering of", "*šikkôr*": "adjective, masculine singular - drunken man", "*qîʾô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his vomit" }, "variants": { "*māsaḵ*": "has mixed/poured/infused/mingled", "*rûaḥ*": "spirit/wind/breath", "*ʿiwʿîm*": "distortion/perversion/confusion/dizziness", "*hiṯʿû*": "they have led astray/caused to err/misled/deceived", "*maʿăśēhû*": "its work/deed/action/task", "*hittāʿôṯ*": "staggering of/reeling of/stumbling of", "*šikkôr*": "drunken man/drunkard/intoxicated person", "*qîʾô*": "his vomit/what he throws up" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.15", "source": "וְלֹֽא־יִהְיֶ֥ה לְמִצְרַ֖יִם מַֽעֲשֶׂ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֧ר יַעֲשֶׂ֛ה רֹ֥אשׁ וְזָנָ֖ב כִּפָּ֥ה וְאַגְמֽוֹן׃ ס", "text": "And-not-*yihyeh* for-*Miṣrayim* *maʿăśeh* which *yaʿăśeh* *rōʾš* and-*zānāḇ* *kippāh* and-*ʾaḡmôn*", "grammar": { "*yihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*maʿăśeh*": "noun, masculine singular - work/deed", "*yaʿăśeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will do", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - head", "*zānāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - tail", "*kippāh*": "noun, feminine singular - palm branch", "*ʾaḡmôn*": "noun, masculine singular - reed/rush" }, "variants": { "*yihyeh*": "will be/shall be/exist", "*maʿăśeh*": "work/deed/action/occupation", "*yaʿăśeh*": "will do/make/perform/accomplish", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/top/beginning", "*zānāḇ*": "tail/end/rear", "*kippāh*": "palm branch/frond/top branch", "*ʾaḡmôn*": "reed/rush/bulrush/marsh plant" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.16", "source": "בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא יִֽהְיֶ֥ה מִצְרַ֖יִם כַּנָּשִׁ֑ים וְחָרַ֣ד ׀ וּפָחַ֗ד מִפְּנֵי֙ תְּנוּפַת֙ יַד־יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת אֲשֶׁר־ה֖וּא מֵנִ֥יף עָלָֽיו׃", "text": "In-the-*yôm* the-*hahûʾ* *yihyeh* *Miṣrayim* like-the-*nāšîm* and-*ḥāraḏ* and-*p̄āḥaḏ* from-*pĕnê* *tĕnûp̄aṯ* *yaḏ*-*YHWH* *ṣĕḇāʾôṯ* which-he *mēnîp̄* upon-him", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*hahûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - that", "*yihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*nāšîm*": "noun, feminine plural - women", "*ḥāraḏ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will tremble", "*p̄āḥaḏ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will fear", "*pĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/presence of", "*tĕnûp̄aṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - waving/brandishing of", "*yaḏ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - hand of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*ṣĕḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*mēnîp̄*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular - waving/brandishing" }, "variants": { "*yôm*": "day/time/period", "*yihyeh*": "will be/shall be/exist", "*nāšîm*": "women/wives/females", "*ḥāraḏ*": "will tremble/quake/be afraid/be terrified", "*p̄āḥaḏ*": "will fear/dread/be in terror/be in dread", "*pĕnê*": "face/presence/before", "*tĕnûp̄aṯ*": "waving/brandishing/shaking/lifting", "*yaḏ*": "hand/power/strength", "*mēnîp̄*": "waving/brandishing/lifting/shaking" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.17", "source": "וְ֠הָיְתָה אַדְמַ֨ת יְהוּדָ֤ה לְמִצְרַ֙יִם֙ לְחָגָּ֔א כֹּל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַזְכִּ֥יר אֹתָ֛הּ אֵלָ֖יו יִפְחָ֑ד מִפְּנֵ֗י עֲצַת֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת אֲשֶׁר־ה֖וּא יוֹעֵ֥ץ עָלָֽיו׃ ס", "text": "And-*hāyĕṯāh* *ʾaḏmaṯ* *Yĕhûḏāh* to-*Miṣrayim* for-*ḥāggāʾ* all which *yazkîr* *ʾōṯāh* to-him *yip̄ḥāḏ* from-*pĕnê* *ʿăṣaṯ* *YHWH* *ṣĕḇāʾôṯ* which-he *yôʿēṣ* upon-him", "grammar": { "*hāyĕṯāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - will become", "*ʾaḏmaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Yĕhûḏāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*ḥāggāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular - terror/dread", "*yazkîr*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will mention/bring to remembrance", "*ʾōṯāh*": "direct object marker with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - it", "*yip̄ḥāḏ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will fear/dread", "*pĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/presence of", "*ʿăṣaṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - counsel/plan of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*ṣĕḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*yôʿēṣ*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - planning/purposing" }, "variants": { "*hāyĕṯāh*": "will become/shall be/happen to be", "*ʾaḏmaṯ*": "land of/territory of/soil of", "*ḥāggāʾ*": "terror/dread/fear/trembling", "*yazkîr*": "will mention/bring to remembrance/cause to remember", "*yip̄ḥāḏ*": "will fear/dread/be afraid/be in terror", "*ʿăṣaṯ*": "counsel/plan/purpose/advice", "*yôʿēṣ*": "planning/purposing/determining/devising" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.18", "source": "בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֡וּא יִהְיוּ֩ חָמֵ֨שׁ עָרִ֜ים בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרַ֗יִם מְדַבְּרוֹת֙ שְׂפַ֣ת כְּנַ֔עַן וְנִשְׁבָּע֖וֹת לַיהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת עִ֣יר הַהֶ֔רֶס יֵאָמֵ֖ר לְאֶחָֽת׃ ס", "text": "In-the-*yôm* the-*hahûʾ* *yihyû* *ḥāmēš* *ʿārîm* in-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrayim* *mĕḏabbĕrôṯ* *śĕp̄aṯ* *Kĕnaʿan* and-*nišbāʿôṯ* to-*YHWH* *ṣĕḇāʾôṯ* *ʿîr* the-*heres* *yēʾāmēr* to-*ʾeḥāṯ*", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*hahûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - that", "*yihyû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - will be", "*ḥāmēš*": "number, feminine - five", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*mĕḏabbĕrôṯ*": "verb, piel participle, feminine plural - speaking", "*śĕp̄aṯ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - language of", "*Kĕnaʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan", "*nišbāʿôṯ*": "verb, niphal participle, feminine plural - swearing allegiance", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*ṣĕḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular - city", "*heres*": "noun, masculine singular - destruction/sun", "*yēʾāmēr*": "verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be called", "*ʾeḥāṯ*": "number, feminine singular - one" }, "variants": { "*yôm*": "day/time/period", "*yihyû*": "will be/shall be/exist", "*ʿārîm*": "cities/towns/settlements", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/earth/ground", "*mĕḏabbĕrôṯ*": "speaking/talking/using", "*śĕp̄aṯ*": "language of/lip of/speech of", "*nišbāʿôṯ*": "swearing allegiance/taking oath/pledging loyalty", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*heres*": "destruction/sun/lion (variant readings: destruction[heres]/sun[heres]/lion[heres])", "*yēʾāmēr*": "will be called/named/said", "*ʾeḥāṯ*": "one/first/a certain" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.19", "source": "בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא יִֽהְיֶ֤ה מִזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה בְּת֖וֹךְ אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וּמַצֵּבָ֥ה אֵֽצֶל־גְּבוּלָ֖הּ לַֽיהוָֽה׃", "text": "In-the-*yôm* the-*hahûʾ* *yihyeh* *mizbēaḥ* to-*YHWH* in-*tôḵ* *ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim* and-*maṣṣēḇāh* *ʾēṣel*-*gĕḇûlāh* to-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*hahûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - that", "*yihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be", "*mizbēaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - altar", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*tôḵ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*maṣṣēḇāh*": "noun, feminine singular - pillar/monument", "*ʾēṣel*": "preposition - beside/near", "*gĕḇûlāh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her border" }, "variants": { "*yôm*": "day/time/period", "*yihyeh*": "will be/shall be/exist", "*mizbēaḥ*": "altar/place of sacrifice", "*tôḵ*": "midst of/middle of/among", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/territory/earth/ground", "*maṣṣēḇāh*": "pillar/monument/standing stone", "*ʾēṣel*": "beside/near/by/next to", "*gĕḇûlāh*": "her border/boundary/territory/frontier" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.20", "source": "וְהָיָ֨ה לְא֥וֹת וּלְעֵ֛ד לַֽיהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת בְּאֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם כִּֽי־יִצְעֲק֤וּ אֶל־יְהוָה֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י לֹֽחֲצִ֔ים וְיִשְׁלַ֥ח לָהֶ֛ם מוֹשִׁ֥יעַ וָרָ֖ב וְהִצִּילָֽם׃", "text": "And-*hāyāh* for-*ʾôṯ* and-for-*ʿēḏ* to-*YHWH* *ṣĕḇāʾôṯ* in-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim* for-*yiṣʿăqû* to-*YHWH* from-*pĕnê* *lōḥăṣîm* and-*yišlaḥ* to-them *môšîaʿ* and-*rāḇ* and-*hiṣṣîlām*", "grammar": { "*hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - it will be", "*ʾôṯ*": "noun, masculine singular - sign", "*ʿēḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - witness", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*ṣĕḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*Miṣrāyim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*yiṣʿăqû*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will cry out", "*pĕnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face/presence of", "*lōḥăṣîm*": "verb, qal participle, masculine plural - oppressors", "*yišlaḥ*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will send", "*môšîaʿ*": "verb, hiphil participle, masculine singular - savior", "*rāḇ*": "adjective, masculine singular - great/mighty", "*hiṣṣîlām*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will deliver them" }, "variants": { "*hāyāh*": "it will be/shall be/exist", "*ʾôṯ*": "sign/token/mark/symbol", "*ʿēḏ*": "witness/testimony/evidence", "*yiṣʿăqû*": "they will cry out/call/complain", "*pĕnê*": "face/presence/because of", "*lōḥăṣîm*": "oppressors/those who oppress/those who squeeze", "*yišlaḥ*": "he will send/dispatch/commission", "*môšîaʿ*": "savior/deliverer/rescuer", "*rāḇ*": "great/mighty/strong/significant", "*hiṣṣîlām*": "he will deliver them/rescue them/save them" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.21", "source": "וְנוֹדַ֤ע יְהוָה֙ לְמִצְרַ֔יִם וְיָדְע֥וּ מִצְרַ֛יִם אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וְעָֽבְדוּ֙ זֶ֣בַח וּמִנְחָ֔ה וְנָדְרוּ־נֵ֥דֶר לַֽיהוָ֖ה וְשִׁלֵּֽמוּ׃", "text": "And-*nôḏaʿ* *YHWH* to-*Miṣrayim* and-*yāḏĕʿû* *Miṣrayim* *et*-*YHWH* in-the-*yôm* the-*hahûʾ* and-*ʿāḇḏû* *zeḇaḥ* and-*minḥāh* and-*nāḏĕrû*-*nēḏer* to-*YHWH* and-*šillēmû*", "grammar": { "*nôḏaʿ*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be known", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*yāḏĕʿû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will know", "*et*": "direct object marker", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*hahûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - that", "*ʿāḇḏû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will serve/worship", "*zeḇaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular - sacrifice", "*minḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - offering/tribute", "*nāḏĕrû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will vow", "*nēḏer*": "noun, masculine singular - vow", "*šillēmû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they will fulfill" }, "variants": { "*nôḏaʿ*": "will be known/will make himself known/will be revealed", "*yāḏĕʿû*": "they will know/acknowledge/recognize", "*yôm*": "day/time/period", "*ʿāḇḏû*": "they will serve/worship/work for", "*zeḇaḥ*": "sacrifice/slaughter offering", "*minḥāh*": "offering/tribute/gift/grain offering", "*nāḏĕrû*": "they will vow/promise/pledge", "*nēḏer*": "vow/promise/pledge", "*šillēmû*": "they will fulfill/complete/perform/pay" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.22", "source": "וְנָגַ֧ף יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מִצְרַ֖יִם נָגֹ֣ף וְרָפ֑וֹא וְשָׁ֙בוּ֙ עַד־יְהוָ֔ה וְנֶעְתַּ֥ר לָהֶ֖ם וּרְפָאָֽם׃", "text": "And-*nāḡap̄* *YHWH* *et*-*Miṣrayim* *nāḡōp̄* and-*rāp̄ôʾ* and-*šāḇû* to-*YHWH* and-*neʿtar* to-them and-*rĕp̄āʾām*", "grammar": { "*nāḡap̄*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will strike", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*et*": "direct object marker", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*nāḡōp̄*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - striking", "*rāp̄ôʾ*": "verb, qal infinitive absolute - healing", "*šāḇû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will return", "*neʿtar*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he will be entreated", "*rĕp̄āʾām*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will heal them" }, "variants": { "*nāḡap̄*": "will strike/smite/plague/defeat", "*nāḡōp̄*": "striking/smiting (intensifying the meaning)", "*rāp̄ôʾ*": "healing/to heal (intensifying the meaning)", "*šāḇû*": "they will return/turn/repent", "*neʿtar*": "he will be entreated/respond favorably/be moved by prayer", "*rĕp̄āʾām*": "he will heal them/restore them/cure them" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.23", "source": "בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא תִּהְיֶ֨ה מְסִלָּ֤ה מִמִּצְרַ֙יִם֙ אַשּׁ֔וּרָה וּבָֽא־אַשּׁ֥וּר בְּמִצְרַ֖יִם וּמִצְרַ֣יִם בְּאַשּׁ֑וּר וְעָבְד֥וּ מִצְרַ֖יִם אֶת־אַשּֽׁוּר׃ ס", "text": "In-the-*yôm* the-*hahûʾ* *tihyeh* *mĕsillāh* from-*Miṣrayim* *ʾAššûrāh* and-*ḇāʾ*-*ʾAššûr* into-*Miṣrayim* and-*Miṣrayim* into-*ʾAššûr* and-*ʿāḇḏû* *Miṣrayim* *et*-*ʾAššûr*", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*hahûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - that", "*tihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - there will be", "*mĕsillāh*": "noun, feminine singular - highway", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*ʾAššûrāh*": "proper noun with directional he - to Assyria", "*ḇāʾ*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will come", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*ʿāḇḏû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they will serve/worship", "*et*": "direct object marker" }, "variants": { "*yôm*": "day/time/period", "*tihyeh*": "there will be/shall be/exist", "*mĕsillāh*": "highway/raised road/public road", "*ḇāʾ*": "will come/enter/arrive", "*ʿāḇḏû*": "they will serve/worship/work with" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.24", "source": "בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא יִהְיֶ֤ה יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ שְׁלִ֣ישִׁיָּ֔ה לְמִצְרַ֖יִם וּלְאַשּׁ֑וּר בְּרָכָ֖ה בְּקֶ֥רֶב הָאָֽרֶץ׃", "text": "In-the-*yôm* the-*hahûʾ* *yihyeh* *Yiśrāʾēl* *šĕlîšiyyāh* to-*Miṣrayim* and-to-*ʾAššûr* *bĕrāḵāh* in-*qereḇ* the-*ʾāreṣ*", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*hahûʾ*": "pronoun, 3rd person masculine singular - that", "*yihyeh*": "verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - will be", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*šĕlîšiyyāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - third", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*bĕrāḵāh*": "noun, feminine singular - blessing", "*qereḇ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - midst of", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - earth/land" }, "variants": { "*yôm*": "day/time/period", "*yihyeh*": "will be/shall be/exist", "*šĕlîšiyyāh*": "third/third part/triad", "*bĕrāḵāh*": "blessing/benefit/source of blessing", "*qereḇ*": "midst of/middle of/among", "*ʾāreṣ*": "earth/land/world/ground" } }

{ "verseID": "Isaiah.19.25", "source": "אֲשֶׁ֧ר בֵּרֲכ֛וֹ יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת לֵאמֹ֑ר בָּר֨וּךְ עַמִּ֜י מִצְרַ֗יִם וּמַעֲשֵׂ֤ה יָדַי֙ אַשּׁ֔וּר וְנַחֲלָתִ֖י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ ס", "text": "Which *bērăḵô* *YHWH* *ṣĕḇāʾôṯ* *lēʾmōr* *bārûḵ* *ʿammî* *Miṣrayim* and-*maʿăśēh* *yāḏay* *ʾAššûr* and-*naḥălāṯî* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*bērăḵô*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - has blessed it", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*ṣĕḇāʾôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - hosts/armies", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition with qal infinitive construct - saying", "*bārûḵ*": "verb, qal passive participle, masculine singular - blessed", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*Miṣrayim*": "proper noun, masculine dual/plural - Egypt", "*maʿăśēh*": "noun, masculine singular construct - work of", "*yāḏay*": "noun, feminine dual with 1st person singular suffix - my hands", "*ʾAššûr*": "proper noun - Assyria", "*naḥălāṯî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my inheritance", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*bērăḵô*": "has blessed it/will bless it", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/declaring", "*bārûḵ*": "blessed/praised", "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*maʿăśēh*": "work of/product of/creation of", "*yāḏay*": "my hands/my power/my making", "*naḥălāṯî*": "my inheritance/my possession/my heritage" } }