{ "verseID": "James.4.1", "source": "Πόθεν πόλεμοι καὶ μάχαι ἐν ὑμῖν; οὐκ ἐντεῦθεν, ἐκ τῶν ἡδονῶν ὑμῶν τῶν στρατευομένων ἐν τοῖς μέλεσιν ὑμῶν;", "text": "From where *polemoi* and *machai* in you? not *enteuthen*, from the *hēdonōn* of you the ones *strateuomenōn* in the *melesin* of you?", "grammar": { "*polemoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - wars/conflicts", "*machai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - fights/quarrels", "*enteuthen*": "adverb - from here/from this source", "*hēdonōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - pleasures/desires", "*strateuomenōn*": "present middle/passive participle, genitive, feminine, plural - waging war/campaigning", "*melesin*": "dative, neuter, plural - members/limbs/parts of body" }, "variants": { "*polemoi*": "wars/conflicts/fighting", "*machai*": "fights/quarrels/contentions", "*hēdonōn*": "pleasures/lusts/desires", "*strateuomenōn*": "waging war/campaigning/battling", "*melesin*": "members/limbs/body parts" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.2", "source": "Ἐπιθυμεῖτε, καὶ οὐκ ἔχετε: φονεύετε, καὶ ζηλοῦτε, καὶ οὐ δύνασθε ἐπιτυχεῖν: μάχεσθε καὶ πολεμεῖτε, οὐκ ἔχετε δὲ, διὰ τὸ μὴ αἰτεῖσθαι ὑμᾶς.", "text": "You *epithymeite*, and not *echete*: you *phoneuete*, and you *zēloute*, and not you *dynasthe epitychein*: you *machesthe* and you *polemeite*, not *echete* *de*, through the not *aiteisthai* you.", "grammar": { "*epithymeite*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - desire/lust", "*echete*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - have/possess", "*phoneuete*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - murder/kill", "*zēloute*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - covet/envy/are zealous", "*dynasthe*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd plural - are able/can", "*epitychein*": "aorist active infinitive - obtain/achieve", "*machesthe*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd plural - fight/quarrel", "*polemeite*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - wage war/battle", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*aiteisthai*": "present middle/passive infinitive - ask/request" }, "variants": { "*epithymeite*": "desire/lust/crave", "*phoneuete*": "murder/kill/slay", "*zēloute*": "are jealous/covet/envy/are zealous", "*epitychein*": "obtain/achieve/acquire", "*machesthe*": "fight/quarrel/contend", "*polemeite*": "wage war/battle/fight", "*aiteisthai*": "ask/request/beg" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.3", "source": "Αἰτεῖτε, καὶ οὐ λαμβάνετε, διότι κακῶς αἰτεῖσθε, ἵνα ἐν ταῖς ἡδοναῖς ὑμῶν δαπανήσητε.", "text": "You *aiteite*, and not you *lambanete*, because *kakōs* you *aiteisthe*, that in the *hēdonais* of you you may *dapanēsēte*.", "grammar": { "*aiteite*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - ask/request", "*lambanete*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - receive/take", "*kakōs*": "adverb - wrongly/badly/evilly", "*aiteisthe*": "present middle indicative, 2nd plural - ask/request", "*hēdonais*": "dative, feminine, plural - pleasures/desires", "*dapanēsēte*": "aorist active subjunctive, 2nd plural - spend/consume" }, "variants": { "*aiteite*": "ask/request/beg", "*lambanete*": "receive/take/accept", "*kakōs*": "wrongly/badly/evilly/improperly", "*aiteisthe*": "ask/request for yourselves", "*hēdonais*": "pleasures/lusts/desires", "*dapanēsēte*": "spend/consume/waste" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.4", "source": "Μοιχοὶ καὶ μοιχαλίδες, οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι ἡ φιλία τοῦ κόσμου ἔχθρα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν; ὃς ἂν οὖν βουληθῇ φίλος εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου ἐχθρὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ καθίσταται.", "text": "*Moichoi* and *moichalides*, not you *oidate* that the *philia* of the *kosmou echtra* of the *Theou estin*? whoever therefore may *boulēthē philos einai* of the *kosmou echthros* of the *Theou kathistatai*.", "grammar": { "*Moichoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - adulterers", "*moichalides*": "nominative, feminine, plural - adulteresses", "*oidate*": "perfect active indicative, 2nd plural - know/understand", "*philia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - friendship/love", "*kosmou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - world/universe/ornamentation", "*echtra*": "nominative, feminine, singular - enmity/hostility", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - God", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*boulēthē*": "aorist passive subjunctive, 3rd singular - desire/wish/intend", "*philos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - friend/beloved", "*einai*": "present active infinitive - to be", "*echthros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - enemy/hostile", "*kathistatai*": "present middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular - becomes/is appointed" }, "variants": { "*Moichoi*": "adulterers/unfaithful ones", "*moichalides*": "adulteresses/unfaithful women", "*oidate*": "know/understand/perceive", "*philia*": "friendship/love/affection", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/worldly system", "*echtra*": "enmity/hostility/hatred", "*boulēthē*": "wishes/desires/intends", "*philos*": "friend/beloved/dear one", "*echthros*": "enemy/hostile/opposed", "*kathistatai*": "becomes/is constituted/is established" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.5", "source": "Ἢ δοκεῖτε ὅτι κενῶς ἡ γραφὴ λέγει, Πρὸς φθόνον ἐπιποθεῖ τὸ πνεῦμα ὃ κατῴκησεν ἐν ἡμῖν;", "text": "Or you *dokeite* that *kenōs* the *graphē legei*, Toward *phthonon epipothei* the *pneuma* which *katōkēsen* in us?", "grammar": { "*dokeite*": "present active indicative, 2nd plural - think/suppose", "*kenōs*": "adverb - vainly/emptily", "*graphē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - writing/scripture", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says/speaks", "*phthonon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - envy/jealousy", "*epipothei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - longs for/desires earnestly", "*pneuma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - spirit/breath", "*katōkēsen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd singular - dwelled/settled" }, "variants": { "*dokeite*": "think/suppose/imagine", "*kenōs*": "vainly/emptily/without purpose", "*graphē*": "writing/scripture", "*legei*": "says/speaks/tells", "*phthonon*": "envy/jealousy/grudging", "*epipothei*": "longs for/desires earnestly/yearns", "*pneuma*": "spirit/breath/wind", "*katōkēsen*": "dwelled/settled/took up residence" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.6", "source": "Μείζονα δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν. Διὸ λέγει, Ὁ Θεὸς ὑπερηφάνοις ἀντιτάσσεται, ταπεινοῖς δὲ δίδωσιν χάριν.", "text": "*Meizona de didōsin charin*. Therefore it *legei*, The *Theos hyperēphanois antitassetai*, to *tapeinois de didōsin charin*.", "grammar": { "*Meizona*": "accusative, feminine/masculine/neuter, singular, comparative - greater", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*didōsin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - gives/grants", "*charin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - grace/favor", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - says/speaks", "*Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*hyperēphanois*": "dative, masculine, plural - proud/arrogant", "*antitassetai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd singular - opposes/resists", "*tapeinois*": "dative, masculine, plural - humble/lowly", "*didōsin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - gives/grants" }, "variants": { "*Meizona*": "greater/larger/more", "*didōsin*": "gives/grants/bestows", "*charin*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*legei*": "says/speaks/tells", "*hyperēphanois*": "proud/arrogant/haughty", "*antitassetai*": "opposes/resists/sets himself against", "*tapeinois*": "humble/lowly/poor" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.7", "source": "Ὑποτάγητε οὖν τῷ Θεῷ. Ἀντίστητε τῷ διαβόλῳ, καὶ φεύξεται ἀφʼ ὑμῶν.", "text": "*Hypotagēte* therefore to the *Theō*. *Antistēte* to the *diabolō*, and he will *pheuxetai* from you.", "grammar": { "*Hypotagēte*": "aorist passive imperative, 2nd plural - submit/be subject", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - God", "*Antistēte*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd plural - resist/oppose", "*diabolō*": "dative, masculine, singular - devil/slanderer", "*pheuxetai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd singular - will flee/escape" }, "variants": { "*Hypotagēte*": "submit/be subject/be subordinate", "*Theō*": "God/deity", "*Antistēte*": "resist/oppose/stand against", "*diabolō*": "devil/slanderer/accuser", "*pheuxetai*": "will flee/escape/run away" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.8", "source": "Ἐγγίσατε τῷ Θεῷ, καὶ ἐγγιεῖ ὑμῖν. Καθαρίσατε χεῖρας, ἁμαρτωλοί· καὶ ἁγνίσατε καρδίας, δίψυχοι.", "text": "*Engisate* to the *Theō*, and he will *engiei* to you. *Katharisate cheiras*, *hamartōloi*; and *hagnisate kardias*, *dipsychoi*.", "grammar": { "*Engisate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd plural - draw near/approach", "*Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - God", "*engiei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will draw near/approach", "*Katharisate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd plural - cleanse/purify", "*cheiras*": "accusative, feminine, plural - hands", "*hamartōloi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - sinners", "*hagnisate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd plural - purify/cleanse", "*kardias*": "accusative, feminine, plural - hearts", "*dipsychoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - double-minded/wavering" }, "variants": { "*Engisate*": "draw near/approach/come close", "*Theō*": "God/deity", "*engiei*": "will draw near/approach/come close", "*Katharisate*": "cleanse/purify/make clean", "*cheiras*": "hands", "*hamartōloi*": "sinners/wrongdoers", "*hagnisate*": "purify/cleanse/make holy", "*kardias*": "hearts", "*dipsychoi*": "double-minded/doubters/wavering" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.9", "source": "Ταλαιπωρήσατε, καὶ πενθήσατε, καὶ κλαύσατε: ὁ γέλως ὑμῶν εἰς πένθος μεταστραφήτω, καὶ ἡ χαρὰ εἰς κατήφειαν.", "text": "*Talaipōrēsate*, and *penthēsate*, and *klausate*: the *gelōs* of you into *penthos metastraphētō*, and the *chara* into *katēpheian*.", "grammar": { "*Talaipōrēsate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd plural - be wretched/lament", "*penthēsate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd plural - mourn/grieve", "*klausate*": "aorist active imperative, 2nd plural - weep/wail", "*gelōs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - laughter", "*penthos*": "accusative, neuter, singular - mourning/grief", "*metastraphētō*": "aorist passive imperative, 3rd singular - let be turned/transformed", "*chara*": "nominative, feminine, singular - joy/gladness", "*katēpheian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - gloom/dejection" }, "variants": { "*Talaipōrēsate*": "be wretched/lament/endure hardship", "*penthēsate*": "mourn/grieve/lament", "*klausate*": "weep/wail/cry", "*gelōs*": "laughter", "*penthos*": "mourning/grief/sorrow", "*metastraphētō*": "let be turned/transformed/changed", "*chara*": "joy/gladness/delight", "*katēpheian*": "gloom/dejection/downcast face" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.10", "source": "Ταπεινώθητε ἐνώπιον τοῦ Κυρίου, καὶ ὑψώσει ὑμᾶς.", "text": "*Tapeinōthēte enōpion* of the *Kyriou*, and he will *hypsōsei* you.", "grammar": { "*Tapeinōthēte*": "aorist passive imperative, 2nd plural - humble yourselves/be humbled", "*enōpion*": "preposition - before/in the sight of", "*Kyriou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - Lord", "*hypsōsei*": "future active indicative, 3rd singular - will exalt/lift up" }, "variants": { "*Tapeinōthēte*": "humble yourselves/be humbled/be brought low", "*enōpion*": "before/in the sight of/in the presence of", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/master/owner", "*hypsōsei*": "will exalt/lift up/raise" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.11", "source": "Μὴ καταλαλεῖτε ἀλλήλων, ἀδελφοί. Ὁ καταλαλῶν ἀδελφοῦ, καὶ κρίνων τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοῦ, καταλαλεῖ νόμου, καὶ κρίνει νόμον: εἰ δὲ νόμον κρίνεις, οὐκ εἶ ποιητὴς νόμου, ἀλλὰ κριτής.", "text": "Not *katalaleite* one another, *adelphoi*. The one *katalalōn adelphou*, and *krinōn* the *adelphon* of him, *katalalei nomou*, and *krinei nomon*: if *de nomon krineis*, not you *ei poiētēs nomou*, but *kritēs*.", "grammar": { "*katalaleite*": "present active imperative, 2nd plural - speak evil of/slander", "*adelphoi*": "vocative, masculine, plural - brothers/brethren", "*katalalōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - speaking evil of/slandering", "*adelphou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - brother", "*krinōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - judging", "*adelphon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - brother", "*katalalei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - speaks evil of/slanders", "*nomou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - law", "*krinei*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - judges", "*nomon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - law", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*krineis*": "present active indicative, 2nd singular - judge", "*ei*": "present active indicative, 2nd singular - are/exist", "*poiētēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - doer/maker", "*kritēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - judge" }, "variants": { "*katalaleite*": "speak evil of/slander/criticize", "*adelphoi*": "brothers/brethren/siblings", "*katalalōn*": "speaking evil of/slandering/criticizing", "*adelphou*": "brother/fellow believer", "*krinōn*": "judging/criticizing/condemning", "*adelphon*": "brother/fellow believer", "*katalalei*": "speaks evil of/slanders/criticizes", "*nomou*": "law/rule", "*krinei*": "judges/criticizes/condemns", "*nomon*": "law/rule", "*krineis*": "judge/criticize/condemn", "*ei*": "are/exist", "*poiētēs*": "doer/maker/performer", "*kritēs*": "judge/critic" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.12", "source": "Εἷς ἐστιν ὁ νομοθέτης, ὁ δυνάμενος σῶσαι καὶ ἀπολέσαι: σὺ τίς εἶ ὃς κρίνεις τὸν ἕτερον;", "text": "One *estin* the *nomothetēs*, the one *dynamenos sōsai* and *apolesai*: you who *ei* who *krineis* the *heteron*?", "grammar": { "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*nomothetēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - lawgiver", "*dynamenos*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being able/having power", "*sōsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to save", "*apolesai*": "aorist active infinitive - to destroy", "*ei*": "present active indicative, 2nd singular - are/exist", "*krineis*": "present active indicative, 2nd singular - judge", "*heteron*": "accusative, masculine, singular - other/another/neighbor" }, "variants": { "*estin*": "is/exists", "*nomothetēs*": "lawgiver/legislator", "*dynamenos*": "being able/having power/capable", "*sōsai*": "to save/rescue/deliver", "*apolesai*": "to destroy/ruin/kill", "*ei*": "are/exist", "*krineis*": "judge/criticize/condemn", "*heteron*": "other/another/neighbor" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.13", "source": "Ἄγε νῦν, οἱ λέγοντες, Σήμερον ἢ αὔριον πορευσόμεθα εἰς τήνδε τήν πόλιν, καὶ ποιήσομεν ἐκεῖ ἐνιαυτὸν ἕνα, καὶ ἐμπορευσόμεθα καὶ κερδήσομεν:", "text": "*Age nyn*, the ones *legontes*, Today or tomorrow we will *poreusometha* into this specific *polin*, and we will *poiēsomen ekei eniauton hena*, and we will *emporeusometha* and we will *kerdēsomen*:", "grammar": { "*Age*": "present active imperative, 2nd singular - come/go", "*nyn*": "adverb - now", "*legontes*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - saying/speaking", "*poreusometha*": "future middle indicative, 1st plural - will travel/journey/go", "*polin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - city", "*poiēsomen*": "future active indicative, 1st plural - will do/make/spend", "*ekei*": "adverb - there", "*eniauton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - year", "*hena*": "accusative, masculine, singular - one", "*emporeusometha*": "future middle indicative, 1st plural - will trade/do business", "*kerdēsomen*": "future active indicative, 1st plural - will gain/profit" }, "variants": { "*Age*": "come/go/attention (interjection)", "*nyn*": "now/at present", "*legontes*": "saying/speaking/telling", "*poreusometha*": "will travel/journey/go", "*polin*": "city/town", "*poiēsomen*": "will do/make/spend", "*ekei*": "there/in that place", "*eniauton*": "year", "*hena*": "one", "*emporeusometha*": "will trade/do business/engage in commerce", "*kerdēsomen*": "will gain/profit/earn" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.14", "source": "Οἵτινες οὐκ ἐπίστασθε τὸ τῆς αὔριον. Ποία γὰρ ἡ ζωὴ ὑμῶν; Ἀτμὶς γάρ ἐστιν, ἡ πρὸς ὀλίγον φαινομένη, ἔπειτα δὲ ἀφανιζομένη.", "text": "You who not *epistasthe* the [matter] of the tomorrow. What kind for the *zōē* of you? *Atmis* for *estin*, the [one] for *oligon phainomenē*, *epeita de aphanizomenē*.", "grammar": { "*epistasthe*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd plural - know/understand", "*zōē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - life", "*Atmis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - vapor/mist", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is", "*oligon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - little/small/short [time]", "*phainomenē*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative, feminine, singular - appearing/becoming visible", "*epeita*": "adverb - then/thereafter", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*aphanizomenē*": "present middle/passive participle, nominative, feminine, singular - vanishing/disappearing" }, "variants": { "*epistasthe*": "know/understand/comprehend", "*zōē*": "life/existence", "*Atmis*": "vapor/mist/steam", "*estin*": "is/exists", "*oligon*": "little/small/short time", "*phainomenē*": "appearing/becoming visible/showing itself", "*epeita*": "then/thereafter/afterwards", "*aphanizomenē*": "vanishing/disappearing/fading away" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.15", "source": "Ἀντὶ τοῦ λέγειν ὑμᾶς, Ἐὰν ὁ Κύριος θελήσῃ, καὶ ζήσομεν, καὶ ποιήσομεν τοῦτο, ἢ ἐκεῖνο.", "text": "Instead of the *legein* you, If the *Kyrios thelēsē*, and we will *zēsomen*, and we will *poiēsomen* this, or that.", "grammar": { "*legein*": "present active infinitive - to say/speak", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*thelēsē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd singular - should will/wish/desire", "*zēsomen*": "future active indicative, 1st plural - will live", "*poiēsomen*": "future active indicative, 1st plural - will do/make" }, "variants": { "*legein*": "to say/speak/tell", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/master/owner", "*thelēsē*": "should will/wish/desire", "*zēsomen*": "will live/be alive", "*poiēsomen*": "will do/make/perform" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.16", "source": "Νῦν δὲ καυχᾶσθε ἐν ταῖς ἀλαζονείαις ὑμῶν: πᾶσα καύχησις τοιαύτη πονηρά ἐστιν.", "text": "Now *de* you *kauchasthe* in the *alazoneiais* of you: all *kauchēsis* such *ponēra estin*.", "grammar": { "*de*": "conjunction - but/and/now", "*kauchasthe*": "present middle/passive indicative, 2nd plural - boast/exult", "*alazoneiais*": "dative, feminine, plural - arrogance/pretensions", "*kauchēsis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - boasting/exulting", "*ponēra*": "nominative, feminine, singular - evil/wicked", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is" }, "variants": { "*de*": "but/and/now", "*kauchasthe*": "boast/exult/pride yourselves", "*alazoneiais*": "arrogance/pretensions/bragging", "*kauchēsis*": "boasting/exulting/glorying", "*ponēra*": "evil/wicked/harmful", "*estin*": "is/exists" } }

{ "verseID": "James.4.17", "source": "Εἰδότι οὖν καλὸν ποιεῖν, καὶ μὴ ποιοῦντι, ἁμαρτία αὐτῷ ἐστιν.", "text": "To one *eidoti* therefore *kalon poiein*, and not *poiounti*, *hamartia* to him *estin*.", "grammar": { "*eidoti*": "perfect active participle, dative, masculine, singular - knowing", "*kalon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - good/right/noble", "*poiein*": "present active infinitive - to do/perform", "*poiounti*": "present active participle, dative, masculine, singular - doing/performing", "*hamartia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - sin/error", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd singular - is" }, "variants": { "*eidoti*": "knowing/understanding/being aware", "*kalon*": "good/right/noble", "*poiein*": "to do/perform/practice", "*poiounti*": "doing/performing/practicing", "*hamartia*": "sin/error/wrongdoing", "*estin*": "is/exists" } }