Verse 3

{ "verseID": "Jonah.1.3", "source": "וַיָּ֤קָם יוֹנָה֙ לִבְרֹ֣חַ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה וַיֵּ֨רֶד יָפ֜וֹ וַיִּמְצָ֥א אָנִיָּ֣ה ׀ בָּאָ֣ה תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ וַיִּתֵּ֨ן שְׂכָרָ֜הּ וַיֵּ֤רֶד בָּהּ֙ לָב֤וֹא עִמָּהֶם֙ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyāqom* *Yônāh* *liḇrōaḥ* *Taršîšāh* from-before *YHWH* and-*wayyēreḏ* *Yāpô* and-*wayyimṣāʾ* *ʾŏniyyāh* *bāʾāh* *Taršîš* and-*wayyittēn* *śəḵārāh* and-*wayyēreḏ* in-her *lāḇôʾ* with-them *Taršîšāh* from-before *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*wayyāqom*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he arose", "*Yônāh*": "proper noun - Jonah", "*liḇrōaḥ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to flee", "*Taršîšāh*": "proper noun + directional heh - to Tarshish", "*wayyēreḏ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went down", "*Yāpô*": "proper noun - Joppa/Yafo", "*wayyimṣāʾ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he found", "*ʾŏniyyāh*": "noun feminine singular - ship", "*bāʾāh*": "qal participle feminine singular - going/coming", "*Taršîš*": "proper noun - Tarshish", "*wayyittēn*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he gave", "*śəḵārāh*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its fare/passage price", "*lāḇôʾ*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to come/go", "*Taršîšāh*": "proper noun + directional heh - to Tarshish" }, "variants": { "*liḇrōaḥ*": "to flee/escape/run away", "*Taršîšāh*": "to Tarshish (possibly Spain, Sardinia, or a distant port)", "*śəḵārāh*": "its fare/payment/wage" } }

Verse 5

{ "verseID": "Jonah.1.5", "source": "וַיִּֽירְא֣וּ הַמַּלָּחִ֗ים וַֽיִּזְעֲקוּ֮ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אֱלֹהָיו֒ וַיָּטִ֨לוּ אֶת־הַכֵּלִ֜ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר בָּֽאֳנִיָּה֙ אֶל־הַיָּ֔ם לְהָקֵ֖ל מֵֽעֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְיוֹנָ֗ה יָרַד֙ אֶל־יַרְכְּתֵ֣י הַסְּפִינָ֔ה וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב וַיֵּרָדַֽם׃", "text": "And-*wayyîrəʾû* the-*mallāḥîm* and-*wayyizʿăqû* *ʾîš* unto-*ʾĕlōhāyw* and-*wayyāṭilû* the-*kēlîm* which in-the-*ʾŏniyyāh* unto-the-*yām* *ləhāqēl* from-upon-them and-*Yônāh* *yāraḏ* unto-*yarḵəṯēy* the-*səpînāh* and-*wayyiškaḇ* and-*wayyērāḏam*", "grammar": { "*wayyîrəʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they feared", "*mallāḥîm*": "noun masculine plural + definite article - sailors/mariners", "*wayyizʿăqû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they cried out", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - each man", "*ʾĕlōhāyw*": "noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his gods/his God", "*wayyāṭilû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they threw", "*kēlîm*": "noun masculine plural + definite article - vessels/cargo/equipment", "*ʾŏniyyāh*": "noun feminine singular + definite article - ship", "*yām*": "noun masculine singular + definite article - sea", "*ləhāqēl*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to lighten", "*yāraḏ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - had gone down", "*yarḵəṯēy*": "noun feminine plural construct - innermost parts/sides", "*səpînāh*": "noun feminine singular + definite article - ship/vessel", "*wayyiškaḇ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he lay down", "*wayyērāḏam*": "waw consecutive + niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he fell fast asleep" }, "variants": { "*mallāḥîm*": "sailors/mariners/seamen", "*wayyizʿăqû*": "cried out/called/shouted", "*kēlîm*": "vessels/cargo/equipment/implements", "*ləhāqēl*": "to lighten/make lighter/ease", "*yarḵəṯēy*": "innermost parts/sides/recesses", "*wayyērāḏam*": "fell fast asleep/went into deep sleep" } }

Verse 6

{ "verseID": "Jonah.1.6", "source": "וַיִּקְרַ֤ב אֵלָיו֙ רַ֣ב הַחֹבֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֥אמֶר ל֖וֹ מַה־לְּךָ֣ נִרְדָּ֑ם ק֚וּם קְרָ֣א אֶל־אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אוּלַ֞י יִתְעַשֵּׁ֧ת הָאֱלֹהִ֛ים לָ֖נוּ וְלֹ֥א נֹאבֵֽד׃", "text": "And-*wayyiqraḇ* unto-him *raḇ* the-*ḥōḇēl* and-*wayyōmer* to-him what-to-you *nirdām* *qûm* *qərāʾ* unto-*ʾĕlōheḵā* perhaps *yiṯʿaššēṯ* the-*ʾĕlōhîm* for-us and-not we-perish", "grammar": { "*wayyiqraḇ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he came near", "*raḇ*": "noun masculine singular construct - chief/captain", "*ḥōḇēl*": "noun masculine singular + definite article - sailor/pilot", "*wayyōmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*nirdām*": "niphal participle masculine singular - sleeping/sleeper", "*qûm*": "qal imperative masculine singular - arise", "*qərāʾ*": "qal imperative masculine singular - call", "*ʾĕlōheḵā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*yiṯʿaššēṯ*": "hithpael imperfect 3rd masculine singular - will think about/consider/take notice", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural + definite article - the God/gods" }, "variants": { "*raḇ* *ḥōḇēl*": "captain of the ship/chief sailor/pilot", "*nirdām*": "sleeping soundly/in deep sleep/slumbering", "*yiṯʿaššēṯ*": "will think about/consider/take notice of/have compassion on", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/deity" } }

Verse 7

{ "verseID": "Jonah.1.7", "source": "וַיֹּאמְר֞וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־רֵעֵ֗הוּ לְכוּ֙ וְנַפִּ֣ילָה גֽוֹרָל֔וֹת וְנֵ֣דְעָ֔ה בְּשֶׁלְּמִ֛י הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לָ֑נוּ וַיַּפִּ֙לוּ֙ גּֽוֹרָל֔וֹת וַיִּפֹּ֥ל הַגּוֹרָ֖ל עַל־יוֹנָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyōmərû* *ʾîš* unto-*rēʿēhû* *ləḵû* and-*nappîlāh* *gôrālôṯ* and-*nēḏəʿāh* for-whom the-*rāʿāh* the-*zōʾṯ* to-us and-*wayyappilû* *gôrālôṯ* and-*wayyippōl* the-*gôrāl* upon-*Yônāh*", "grammar": { "*wayyōmərû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular - each man", "*rēʿēhû*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his companion/neighbor", "*ləḵû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - come/go", "*nappîlāh*": "hiphil cohortative 1st common plural - let us cast", "*gôrālôṯ*": "noun masculine plural - lots", "*nēḏəʿāh*": "qal cohortative 1st common plural - let us know", "*rāʿāh*": "noun feminine singular + definite article - evil/calamity", "*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative feminine singular + definite article - this", "*wayyappilû*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they cast", "*wayyippōl*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it fell", "*gôrāl*": "noun masculine singular + definite article - lot" }, "variants": { "*rēʿēhû*": "his companion/neighbor/fellow", "*gôrālôṯ*": "lots/dice/divine determination tools", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/calamity/disaster/misfortune" } }

Verse 10

{ "verseID": "Jonah.1.10", "source": "וַיִּֽירְא֤וּ הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ יִרְאָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַיֹּאמְר֥וּ אֵלָ֖יו מַה־זֹּ֣את עָשִׂ֑יתָ כִּֽי־יָדְע֣וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים כִּֽי־מִלִּפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ ה֣וּא בֹרֵ֔חַ כִּ֥י הִגִּ֖יד לָהֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*wayyîrəʾû* the-*ʾănāšîm* *yirʾāh* *ḡəḏôlāh* and-*wayyōmərû* unto-him what-*zōʾṯ* *ʿāśîṯā* for-*yāḏəʿû* the-*ʾănāšîm* that-from-before *YHWH* he *ḇōrēaḥ* for *higgîḏ* to-them", "grammar": { "*wayyîrəʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they feared", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun masculine plural + definite article - men", "*yirʾāh*": "noun feminine singular - fear", "*ḡəḏôlāh*": "adjective feminine singular - great", "*wayyōmərû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*zōʾṯ*": "demonstrative feminine singular - this", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have done", "*yāḏəʿû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they knew", "*ʾănāšîm*": "noun masculine plural + definite article - men", "*ḇōrēaḥ*": "qal participle masculine singular - fleeing", "*higgîḏ*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he had told" }, "variants": { "*yirʾāh*": "fear/terror/awe", "*ḇōrēaḥ*": "fleeing/running away/escaping", "*higgîḏ*": "told/declared/informed" } }

Verse 12

{ "verseID": "Jonah.1.12", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם שָׂא֙וּנִי֙ וַהֲטִילֻ֣נִי אֶל־הַיָּ֔ם וְיִשְׁתֹּ֥ק הַיָּ֖ם מֵֽעֲלֵיכֶ֑ם כִּ֚י יוֹדֵ֣עַ אָ֔נִי כִּ֣י בְשֶׁלִּ֔י הַסַּ֧עַר הַגָּד֛וֹל הַזֶּ֖ה עֲלֵיכֶֽם׃", "text": "And-*wayyōmer* unto-them *śāʾûnî* and-*haṭîlunî* unto-the-*yām* and-*yištōq* the-*yām* from-upon-you for *yôḏēaʿ* *ʾānî* that for-me the-*saʿar* the-*gāḏôl* the-*zeh* upon-you", "grammar": { "*wayyōmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*śāʾûnî*": "qal imperative masculine plural + 1st common singular suffix - lift me/take me up", "*haṭîlunî*": "hiphil imperative masculine plural + 1st common singular suffix - throw me", "*yām*": "noun masculine singular + definite article - sea", "*yištōq*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - it will be quiet/calm", "*yôḏēaʿ*": "qal participle masculine singular - knowing", "*ʾānî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*saʿar*": "noun masculine singular + definite article - storm", "*gāḏôl*": "adjective masculine singular + definite article - great", "*zeh*": "demonstrative masculine singular + definite article - this" }, "variants": { "*śāʾûnî*": "lift me/pick me up/take me", "*haṭîlunî*": "throw me/hurl me/cast me", "*saʿar*": "storm/tempest/gale" } }

Verse 14

{ "verseID": "Jonah.1.14", "source": "וַיִּקְרְא֨וּ אֶל־יְהוָ֜ה וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ אָנָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אַל־נָ֣א נֹאבְדָ֗ה בְּנֶ֙פֶשׁ֙ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַזֶּ֔ה וְאַל־תִּתֵּ֥ן עָלֵ֖ינוּ דָּ֣ם נָקִ֑יא כִּֽי־אַתָּ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר חָפַ֖צְתָּ עָשִֽׂיתָ׃", "text": "And-*wayyiqrəʾû* unto-*YHWH* and-*wayyōmərû* *ʾānnāh* *YHWH* not-*nāʾ* *nōḇdāh* for-*nepeš* the-*ʾîš* the-*zeh* and-not-*tittēn* upon-us *dām* *nāqîʾ* for-you *YHWH* as *ḥāpaṣtā* *ʿāśîṯā*", "grammar": { "*wayyiqrəʾû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they called out", "*wayyōmərû*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they said", "*ʾānnāh*": "interjection - we pray/please/oh", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please/now", "*nōḇdāh*": "qal imperfect 1st common plural cohortative - let us perish", "*nepeš*": "noun feminine singular construct - life/soul of", "*ʾîš*": "noun masculine singular + definite article - man", "*zeh*": "demonstrative masculine singular + definite article - this", "*tittēn*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular jussive - may you put/place", "*dām*": "noun masculine singular - blood", "*nāqîʾ*": "adjective masculine singular - innocent", "*ḥāpaṣtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have desired/pleased", "*ʿāśîṯā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have done" }, "variants": { "*ʾānnāh*": "we pray/please/oh now", "*nōḇdāh*": "let us perish/may we die", "*nepeš*": "life/soul/person", "*dām*": "blood/bloodguilt/bloodshed", "*nāqîʾ*": "innocent/clean/free from guilt", "*ḥāpaṣtā*": "you have desired/pleased/delighted in" } }