{ "verseID": "Jonah.4.1", "source": "וַיֵּ֥רַע אֶל־יוֹנָ֖ה רָעָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֑ה וַיִּ֖חַר לֽוֹ׃", "text": "*wə-yêraʿ* to-*yônāh* *rāʿāh* *gədôlāh* *wa-yiḥar* to-him", "grammar": { "*wə-yêraʿ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it was evil/displeasing", "*yônāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jonah", "*rāʿāh*": "noun, feminine singular - evil/displeasure", "*gədôlāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - great/intense", "*wa-yiḥar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he became hot/angry" }, "variants": { "*yêraʿ*": "was evil/displeasing/bad/grievous", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/displeasure/distress", "*wa-yiḥar*": "became hot/burned with anger/was greatly displeased" } }

{ "verseID": "Jonah.4.2", "source": "וַיִּתְפַּלֵּ֨ל אֶל־יְהוָ֜ה וַיֹּאמַ֗ר אָנָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ הֲלוֹא־זֶ֣ה דְבָרִ֗י עַד־הֱיוֹתִי֙ עַל־אַדְמָתִ֔י עַל־כֵּ֥ן קִדַּ֖מְתִּי לִבְרֹ֣חַ תַּרְשִׁ֑ישָׁה כִּ֣י יָדַ֗עְתִּי כִּ֤י אַתָּה֙ אֵֽל־חַנּ֣וּן וְרַח֔וּם אֶ֤רֶךְ אַפַּ֙יִם֙ וְרַב־חֶ֔סֶד וְנִחָ֖ם עַל־הָרָעָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yitpallēl* to-*YHWH* *wa-yōʾmar* *ʾānnāh* *YHWH* *hălôʾ*-this *dəbārî* while-*hĕyôtî* on-*ʾadmātî* *ʿal-kēn* *qiddamtî* *librōaḥ* *taršîšāh* *kî* *yādaʿtî* *kî* you *ʾēl-ḥannûn* *wə-raḥûm* *ʾerek* *ʾappayim* *wə-rab-ḥesed* *wə-niḥām* upon-*hārāʿāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-yitpallēl*": "conjunction + Hitpael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he prayed", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*wa-yōʾmar*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾānnāh*": "interjection - please/I pray", "*hălôʾ*": "interrogative particle - is not", "*dəbārî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my word/concern", "*hĕyôtî*": "Qal infinitive construct with 1st person suffix - my being", "*ʾadmātî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person suffix - my land", "*ʿal-kēn*": "prepositional phrase - therefore/for this reason", "*qiddamtî*": "Piel perfect, 1st person singular - I hastened/anticipated", "*librōaḥ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to flee", "*taršîšāh*": "proper noun with directional suffix - to Tarshish", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*yādaʿtî*": "Qal perfect, 1st person singular - I knew", "*ʾēl-ḥannûn*": "noun construct + adjective - gracious God", "*wə-raḥûm*": "conjunction + adjective - and merciful", "*ʾerek*": "adjective construct - slow/long", "*ʾappayim*": "noun, dual form - of anger/nostrils", "*wə-rab-ḥesed*": "conjunction + adjective construct + noun - and abundant in lovingkindness", "*wə-niḥām*": "conjunction + Niphal participle, masculine singular - and relenting", "*hārāʿāh*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the evil/calamity" }, "variants": { "*dəbārî*": "my word/speech/concern/matter", "*qiddamtî*": "I anticipated/preemptively acted/hastened", "*ḥannûn*": "gracious/favorable/merciful", "*raḥûm*": "compassionate/merciful", "*ʾerek ʾappayim*": "slow to anger/patient/longsuffering", "*ḥesed*": "lovingkindness/steadfast love/mercy/faithfulness", "*niḥām*": "relenting/repenting/turning back from" } }

{ "verseID": "Jonah.4.3", "source": "וְעַתָּ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה קַח־נָ֥א אֶת־נַפְשִׁ֖י מִמֶּ֑נִּי כִּ֛י ט֥וֹב מוֹתִ֖י מֵחַיָּֽי׃", "text": "*wə-ʿattāh* *YHWH* take-*nāʾ* *ʾet*-*napšî* from-me *kî* good *môtî* than-*ḥayyāy*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʿattāh*": "conjunction + adverb - and now", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*nāʾ*": "particle of entreaty - please", "*napšî*": "noun, feminine singular with 1st person suffix - my soul/life", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*môtî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my death", "*ḥayyāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person suffix - my life" }, "variants": { "*napšî*": "my soul/life/self", "*ṭôb*": "good/better/preferable", "*ḥayyāy*": "my life/living" } }

{ "verseID": "Jonah.4.4", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה הַהֵיטֵ֖ב חָ֥רָה לָֽךְ׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *YHWH* *ha-hêṭēb* *ḥārāh* to-you", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ha-hêṭēb*": "interrogative particle + Hiphil infinitive absolute - is it right/well", "*ḥārāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it has burned/angered" }, "variants": { "*hêṭēb*": "rightly/justly/well/properly", "*ḥārāh*": "has burned/become angry/been kindled" } }

{ "verseID": "Jonah.4.5", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֤א יוֹנָה֙ מִן־הָעִ֔יר וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב מִקֶּ֣דֶם לָעִ֑יר וַיַּעַשׂ֩ ל֨וֹ שָׁ֜ם סֻכָּ֗ה וַיֵּ֤שֶׁב תַּחְתֶּ֙יהָ֙ בַּצֵּ֔ל עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִרְאֶ֔ה מַה־יִּהְיֶ֖ה בָּעִֽיר׃", "text": "*wa-yēṣēʾ* *yônāh* from-*hāʿîr* *wa-yēšeb* from-*qedem* to-*hāʿîr* *wa-yaʿaś* for-him there *sukkāh* *wa-yēšeb* under-it in-*ṣēl* until which *yirʾeh* what-*yihyeh* in-*hāʿîr*", "grammar": { "*wa-yēṣēʾ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went out", "*yônāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jonah", "*hāʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the city", "*wa-yēšeb*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he sat/dwelt", "*qedem*": "noun, masculine singular - east/front", "*wa-yaʿaś*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he made", "*sukkāh*": "noun, feminine singular - booth/shelter", "*ṣēl*": "noun, masculine singular - shadow/shade", "*yirʾeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he would see", "*yihyeh*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it would be/happen" }, "variants": { "*yēšeb*": "sat/dwelt/remained", "*qedem*": "east/front/before/eastward of", "*sukkāh*": "booth/shelter/hut", "*ṣēl*": "shadow/shade/protection" } }

{ "verseID": "Jonah.4.6", "source": "וַיְמַ֣ן יְהוָֽה־אֱ֠לֹהִים קִיקָי֞וֹן וַיַּ֣עַל ׀ מֵעַ֣ל לְיוֹנָ֗ה לִֽהְי֥וֹת צֵל֙ עַל־רֹאשׁ֔וֹ לְהַצִּ֥יל ל֖וֹ מֵרָֽעָת֑וֹ וַיִּשְׂמַ֥ח יוֹנָ֛ה עַל־הַקּֽ͏ִיקָי֖וֹן שִׂמְחָ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה׃", "text": "*wa-yəman* *YHWH*-*ʾĕlōhîm* *qîqāyôn* *wa-yaʿal* from-over to-*yônāh* to-be *ṣēl* over-*rōʾšô* to-deliver for-him from-*rāʿātô* *wa-yiśmaḥ* *yônāh* over-*haqqîqāyôn* *śimḥāh* *gədôlāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəman*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he appointed/prepared", "*YHWH*-*ʾĕlōhîm*": "proper noun, divine name + noun, masculine plural construct - Yahweh-God", "*qîqāyôn*": "noun, masculine singular - plant/gourd (type of plant)", "*wa-yaʿal*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it grew", "*yônāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jonah", "*ṣēl*": "noun, masculine singular - shadow/shade", "*rōʾšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine suffix - his head", "*rāʿātô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine suffix - his distress/evil", "*wa-yiśmaḥ*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he rejoiced", "*haqqîqāyôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the plant/gourd", "*śimḥāh*": "noun, feminine singular - joy/gladness", "*gədôlāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - great/intense" }, "variants": { "*yəman*": "appointed/prepared/assigned", "*qîqāyôn*": "plant/gourd/ricinus plant/castor oil plant", "*ṣēl*": "shadow/shade/protection", "*rāʿātô*": "his distress/evil/misery/discomfort", "*śimḥāh*": "joy/gladness/happiness" } }

{ "verseID": "Jonah.4.7", "source": "וַיְמַ֤ן הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ תּוֹלַ֔עַת בַּעֲל֥וֹת הַשַּׁ֖חַר לַֽמָּחֳרָ֑ת וַתַּ֥ךְ אֶת־הַקִּֽיקָי֖וֹן וַיִּיבָֽשׁ׃", "text": "*wa-yəman* *hāʾĕlōhîm* *tôlaʿat* in-*baʿălôt* *haššaḥar* for-*lammŏḥŏrāt* *wa-tak* *ʾet*-*haqqîqāyôn* *wa-yîbāš*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəman*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he appointed/prepared", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the God", "*tôlaʿat*": "noun, feminine singular - worm", "*baʿălôt*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - in the rising of", "*haššaḥar*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the dawn", "*lammŏḥŏrāt*": "preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - for the next day", "*wa-tak*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it attacked/struck", "*haqqîqāyôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the plant/gourd", "*wa-yîbāš*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it withered" }, "variants": { "*yəman*": "appointed/prepared/assigned", "*tôlaʿat*": "worm/grub/maggot", "*haššaḥar*": "the dawn/daybreak", "*tak*": "attacked/struck/smote", "*yîbāš*": "withered/dried up" } }

{ "verseID": "Jonah.4.8", "source": "וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כִּזְרֹ֣חַ הַשֶּׁ֗מֶשׁ וַיְמַ֨ן אֱלֹהִ֜ים ר֤וּחַ קָדִים֙ חֲרִישִׁ֔ית וַתַּ֥ךְ הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ עַל־רֹ֥אשׁ יוֹנָ֖ה וַיִּתְעַלָּ֑ף וַיִּשְׁאַ֤ל אֶת־נַפְשׁוֹ֙ לָמ֔וּת וַיֹּ֕אמֶר ט֥וֹב מוֹתִ֖י מֵחַיָּֽי׃", "text": "*wa-yəhî* as-*zərōaḥ* *haššemeš* *wa-yəman* *ʾĕlōhîm* *rûaḥ* *qādîm* *ḥărîšît* *wa-tak* *haššemeš* on-*rōʾš* *yônāh* *wa-yitʿallāp* *wa-yišʾal* *ʾet*-*napšô* to-die *wa-yōʾmer* good *môtî* than-*ḥayyāy*", "grammar": { "*wa-yəhî*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened", "*zərōaḥ*": "Qal infinitive construct - rising", "*haššemeš*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the sun", "*wa-yəman*": "conjunction + Piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he appointed/prepared", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular - wind/spirit", "*qādîm*": "noun, masculine singular - east", "*ḥărîšît*": "adjective, feminine singular - sultry/scorching/quiet", "*wa-tak*": "conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it struck", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular construct - head of", "*yônāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jonah", "*wa-yitʿallāp*": "conjunction + Hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he fainted", "*wa-yišʾal*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he asked/requested", "*napšô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine suffix - his soul/life", "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*môtî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person suffix - my death", "*ḥayyāy*": "noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person suffix - my life" }, "variants": { "*rûaḥ qādîm*": "east wind/scorching wind", "*ḥărîšît*": "sultry/scorching/quiet/silent/burning", "*yitʿallāp*": "fainted/became faint/grew weary", "*napšô*": "his soul/life/self" } }

{ "verseID": "Jonah.4.9", "source": "וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־יוֹנָ֔ה הַהֵיטֵ֥ב חָרָֽה־לְךָ֖ עַל־הַקִּֽיקָי֑וֹן וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הֵיטֵ֥ב חָֽרָה־לִ֖י עַד־מָֽוֶת׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *ʾĕlōhîm* to-*yônāh* *ha-hêṭēb* *ḥārāh*-to-you over-*haqqîqāyôn* *wa-yōʾmer* *hêṭēb* *ḥārāh*-to-me until-death", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun, masculine plural - God", "*yônāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Jonah", "*ha-hêṭēb*": "interrogative particle + Hiphil infinitive absolute - is it right/well", "*ḥārāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it has burned/angered", "*haqqîqāyôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the plant/gourd", "*hêṭēb*": "Hiphil infinitive absolute - rightly/well", "*māwet*": "noun, masculine singular - death" }, "variants": { "*hêṭēb*": "rightly/well/properly/justly", "*ḥārāh*": "burned/kindled/became angry", "*ʿad-māwet*": "to death/mortally/exceedingly" } }

{ "verseID": "Jonah.4.10", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה אַתָּ֥ה חַ֙סְתָּ֙ עַל־הַקִּ֣יקָי֔וֹן אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹא־עָמַ֥לְתָּ בּ֖וֹ וְלֹ֣א גִדַּלְתּ֑וֹ שֶׁבִּן־לַ֥יְלָה הָיָ֖ה וּבִן־לַ֥יְלָה אָבָֽד׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *YHWH* you *ḥastā* on-*haqqîqāyôn* which not-*ʿāmaltā* in-it and-not *giddaltô* that-*ben*-*laylāh* *hāyāh* and-*ben*-*laylāh* *ʾābād*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD", "*ḥastā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you pitied/spared", "*haqqîqāyôn*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the plant/gourd", "*ʿāmaltā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you labored/toiled", "*giddaltô*": "Piel perfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - you made it grow", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*laylāh*": "noun, masculine singular - night", "*hāyāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it was/came into being", "*ʾābād*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it perished/was destroyed" }, "variants": { "*ḥastā*": "pitied/spared/had compassion on", "*ʿāmaltā*": "labored/toiled/worked", "*giddaltô*": "made it grow/raised it/nurtured it", "*ben-laylāh*": "son of night/overnight/in one night" } }

{ "verseID": "Jonah.4.11", "source": "וַֽאֲנִי֙ לֹ֣א אָח֔וּס עַל־נִינְוֵ֖ה הָעִ֣יר הַגְּדוֹלָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר יֶשׁ־בָּ֡הּ הַרְבֵּה֩ מִֽשְׁתֵּים־עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה רִבּ֜וֹ אָדָ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־יָדַע֙ בֵּין־יְמִינ֣וֹ לִשְׂמֹאל֔וֹ וּבְהֵמָ֖ה רַבָּֽה׃", "text": "*wa-ʾănî* not *ʾāḥûs* on-*nînəwēh* *hāʿîr* *haggədôlāh* which there-is-in-it *harbēh* from-twelve *ribbô* *ʾādām* who not-*yādaʿ* between-*yəmînô* to-*śəmōʾlô* and-*bəhēmāh* *rabbāh*", "grammar": { "*wa-ʾănî*": "conjunction + personal pronoun, 1st person singular - and I", "*ʾāḥûs*": "Qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will spare/pity", "*nînəwēh*": "proper noun - Nineveh", "*hāʿîr*": "definite article + noun, feminine singular - the city", "*haggədôlāh*": "definite article + adjective, feminine singular - the great", "*harbēh*": "adverb - many/much", "*ribbô*": "noun, feminine plural construct - ten thousands of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/people", "*yādaʿ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he knows", "*yəmînô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his right hand", "*śəmōʾlô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his left hand", "*bəhēmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - cattle/livestock", "*rabbāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - many/much" }, "variants": { "*ʾāḥûs*": "spare/pity/have compassion", "*harbēh miš-štêm-ʿeśrēh ribbô*": "more than twelve myriads/more than 120,000", "*yādaʿ bên-yəmînô liśmōʾlô*": "knows between his right hand and his left/can discern right from wrong", "*bəhēmāh*": "cattle/livestock/animals" } }