{ "verseID": "Romans.4.1", "source": "¶Τί οὖν ἐροῦμεν Ἀβραὰμ τὸν πατέρα ἡμῶν, εὑρηκέναι κατὰ σάρκα;", "text": "What *oun* shall we *eroumen* *Abraam* the *patera* of us, to have *heurēkenai* according to *sarka*?", "grammar": { "*Τί*": "interrogative pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular - what", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*eroumen*": "future active indicative, 1st person plural - we will say", "*Abraam*": "proper noun, accusative - Abraham", "*patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - father", "*heurēkenai*": "perfect active infinitive - to have found/discovered", "*kata*": "preposition with accusative - according to/with respect to", "*sarka*": "accusative, feminine, singular - flesh" }, "variants": { "*oun*": "therefore/then/consequently", "*heurēkenai*": "to have found/discovered/obtained", "*sarka*": "flesh/human nature/physical descent" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.2", "source": "Εἰ γὰρ Ἀβραὰμ ἐξ ἔργων ἐδικαιώθη, ἔχει καύχημα· ἀλλʼ οὐ πρὸς τὸν Θεόν.", "text": "If *gar* *Abraam* from *ergōn* was *edikaiōthē*, he has *kauchēma*; but not *pros* the *Theon*.", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*gar*": "explanatory conjunction - for/because", "*Abraam*": "proper noun, nominative - Abraham", "*ex*": "preposition with genitive - from/by", "*ergōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - works/deeds", "*edikaiōthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was justified", "*echei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - has", "*kauchēma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - ground for boasting", "*alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*pros*": "preposition with accusative - before/toward", "*Theon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - God" }, "variants": { "*ergōn*": "works/deeds/actions", "*edikaiōthē*": "was justified/declared righteous", "*kauchēma*": "ground for boasting/reason for pride", "*pros*": "before/toward/in relation to" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.3", "source": "Τί γὰρ ἡ γραφὴ λέγει; Ἐπίστευσεν δὲ Ἀβραὰμ τῷ Θεῷ, καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην.", "text": "What *gar* the *graphē* *legei*? *Episteusen* *de* *Abraam* to the *Theō*, and it was *elogisthē* to him for *dikaiosynēn*.", "grammar": { "*Ti*": "interrogative pronoun, accusative, neuter, singular - what", "*gar*": "explanatory conjunction - for", "*graphē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - scripture/writing", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - says", "*Episteusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - believed", "*de*": "conjunction - and/but/now", "*Abraam*": "proper noun, nominative - Abraham", "*tō Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God", "*elogisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was counted/reckoned", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - for/unto", "*dikaiosynēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - righteousness" }, "variants": { "*graphē*": "scripture/writing", "*Episteusen*": "believed/had faith/trusted", "*elogisthē*": "was counted/reckoned/credited", "*dikaiosynēn*": "righteousness/justice" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.4", "source": "Τῷ δὲ ἐργαζομένῳ ὁ μισθὸς οὐ λογίζεται κατὰ χάριν, ἀλλὰ κατὰ ὀφείλημα.", "text": "To the one *ergazomenō* *de* the *misthos* not *logizetai* according to *charin*, but according to *opheilēma*.", "grammar": { "*Tō ergazomenō*": "dative, masculine, singular, present middle participle - to the one working", "*de*": "conjunction - now/but/and", "*misthos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - wage/reward", "*ou*": "negative particle - not", "*logizetai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is reckoned/counted", "*kata*": "preposition with accusative - according to", "*charin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - grace/favor", "*alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*kata*": "preposition with accusative - according to", "*opheilēma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - debt/obligation" }, "variants": { "*ergazomenō*": "working/laboring", "*misthos*": "wage/reward/payment", "*logizetai*": "is reckoned/counted/credited", "*charin*": "grace/favor/kindness", "*opheilēma*": "debt/obligation/what is owed" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.5", "source": "Τῷ δὲ μὴ ἐργαζομένῳ, πιστεύοντι δὲ ἐπὶ τὸν δικαιοῦντα τὸν ἀσεβῆ, λογίζεται ἡ πίστις αὐτοῦ εἰς δικαιοσύνην.", "text": "To the one *mē ergazomenō* *de*, *pisteuonti* *de* *epi* the one *dikaiounti* the *asebē*, *logizetai* the *pistis* of him for *dikaiosynēn*.", "grammar": { "*Tō mē ergazomenō*": "dative, masculine, singular, present middle participle with negative - to the one not working", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*pisteuonti*": "dative, masculine, singular, present active participle - believing/trusting", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*epi*": "preposition with accusative - on/upon", "*ton dikaiounti*": "accusative, masculine, singular, present active participle - the one justifying", "*ton asebē*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the ungodly person", "*logizetai*": "present passive indicative, 3rd person singular - is counted/reckoned", "*hē pistis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the faith", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - for/unto", "*dikaiosynēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - righteousness" }, "variants": { "*ergazomenō*": "working/laboring", "*pisteuonti*": "believing/trusting/having faith", "*dikaiounti*": "justifying/declaring righteous", "*asebē*": "ungodly/impious person", "*pistis*": "faith/trust/belief", "*dikaiosynēn*": "righteousness/justice" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.6", "source": "Καθάπερ καὶ Δαυίδ λέγει τὸν μακαρισμὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, ᾧ ὁ Θεὸς λογίζεται δικαιοσύνην χωρὶς ἔργων,", "text": "Just as also *David* *legei* the *makarismon* of the *anthrōpou*, to whom the *Theos* *logizetai* *dikaiosynēn* without *ergōn*,", "grammar": { "*Kathaper*": "comparative conjunction - just as/even as", "*kai*": "conjunction - also/even", "*David*": "proper noun, nominative - David", "*legei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - says/speaks of", "*ton makarismon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the blessedness/happiness", "*tou anthrōpou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the man/person", "*hō*": "dative, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - to whom", "*ho Theos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - God", "*logizetai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person singular - reckons/counts", "*dikaiosynēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - righteousness", "*chōris*": "preposition with genitive - apart from/without", "*ergōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - works/deeds" }, "variants": { "*makarismon*": "blessedness/happiness/blessing", "*anthrōpou*": "man/person/human being", "*logizetai*": "reckons/counts/credits", "*dikaiosynēn*": "righteousness/justice", "*ergōn*": "works/deeds/actions" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.7", "source": "Μακάριοι ὧν ἀφέθησαν αἱ ἀνομίαι, καὶ ὧν ἐπεκαλύφθησαν αἱ ἁμαρτίαι.", "text": "*Makarioi* of whom were *aphethēsan* the *anomiai*, and of whom were *epekalyphthēsan* the *hamartiai*.", "grammar": { "*Makarioi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - blessed/happy", "*hōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural, relative pronoun - of whom", "*aphethēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - were forgiven", "*hai anomiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - the lawless deeds", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*hōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural, relative pronoun - of whom", "*epekalyphthēsan*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person plural - were covered", "*hai hamartiai*": "nominative, feminine, plural - the sins" }, "variants": { "*Makarioi*": "blessed/happy", "*aphethēsan*": "were forgiven/pardoned/sent away", "*anomiai*": "lawless deeds/iniquities/transgressions", "*epekalyphthēsan*": "were covered/concealed", "*hamartiai*": "sins/failures/misses" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.8", "source": "Μακάριος ἀνὴρ ᾧ οὐ μὴ λογίσηται Κύριος ἁμαρτίαν.", "text": "*Makarios* *anēr* to whom not not *logisētai* *Kyrios* *hamartian*.", "grammar": { "*Makarios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - blessed/happy", "*anēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - man", "*hō*": "dative, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - to whom", "*ou mē*": "emphatic double negative - certainly not", "*logisētai*": "aorist middle subjunctive, 3rd person singular - will reckon/count", "*Kyrios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - Lord", "*hamartian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - sin" }, "variants": { "*Makarios*": "blessed/happy", "*anēr*": "man/male person", "*logisētai*": "will reckon/count/credit", "*Kyrios*": "Lord/Master", "*hamartian*": "sin/failure/transgression" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.9", "source": "Ὁ μακαρισμὸς οὖν οὗτος ἐπὶ τὴν περιτομήν, ἢ καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν ἀκροβυστίαν; λέγομεν γὰρ ὅτι Ἐλογίσθη τῷ Ἀβραὰμ ἡ πίστις εἰς δικαιοσύνην.", "text": "The *makarismos* *oun* this *epi* the *peritomēn*, or also *epi* the *akrobystian*? we *legomen* *gar* that was *Elogisthē* to the *Abraam* the *pistis* for *dikaiosynēn*.", "grammar": { "*Ho makarismos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - the blessedness", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*houtos*": "demonstrative pronoun, nominative, masculine, singular - this", "*epi*": "preposition with accusative - upon/for", "*tēn peritomēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the circumcision", "*ē*": "disjunctive conjunction - or", "*kai*": "conjunction - also", "*epi*": "preposition with accusative - upon/for", "*tēn akrobystian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the uncircumcision", "*legomen*": "present active indicative, 1st person plural - we say", "*gar*": "explanatory conjunction - for", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*Elogisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was reckoned", "*tō Abraam*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Abraham", "*hē pistis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the faith", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - for/unto", "*dikaiosynēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - righteousness" }, "variants": { "*makarismos*": "blessedness/happiness/blessing", "*peritomēn*": "circumcision/circumcised people", "*akrobystian*": "uncircumcision/uncircumcised people", "*Elogisthē*": "was reckoned/counted/credited", "*pistis*": "faith/trust/belief", "*dikaiosynēn*": "righteousness/justice" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.10", "source": "Πῶς οὖν ἐλογίσθη; ἐν περιτομῇ ὄντι, ἢ ἐν ἀκροβυστίᾳ; Οὐκ ἐν περιτομῇ, ἀλλʼ ἐν ἀκροβυστίᾳ.", "text": "How *oun* was it *elogisthē*? in *peritomē* *onti*, or in *akrobystia*? Not in *peritomē*, but in *akrobystia*.", "grammar": { "*Pōs*": "interrogative adverb - how", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then", "*elogisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was reckoned", "*en peritomē*": "dative, feminine, singular - in circumcision", "*onti*": "dative, masculine, singular, present active participle - being", "*ē*": "disjunctive conjunction - or", "*en akrobystia*": "dative, feminine, singular - in uncircumcision", "*Ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*en peritomē*": "dative, feminine, singular - in circumcision", "*all*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*en akrobystia*": "dative, feminine, singular - in uncircumcision" }, "variants": { "*elogisthē*": "was reckoned/counted/credited", "*peritomē*": "circumcision/circumcised state", "*onti*": "being/existing", "*akrobystia*": "uncircumcision/uncircumcised state" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.11", "source": "Καὶ σημεῖον ἔλαβεν περιτομῆς, σφραγῖδα τῆς δικαιοσύνης τῆς πίστεως τῆς ἐν τῇ ἀκροβυστίᾳ: εἰς τὸ εἶναι αὐτὸν πατέρα πάντων τῶν πιστευόντων, διʼ ἀκροβυστίας· εἰς τὸ λογισθῆναι καὶ αὐτοῖς τὴν δικαιοσύνην:", "text": "And *sēmeion* he *elaben* of *peritomēs*, a *sphragida* of the *dikaiosynēs* of the *pisteōs* of the in the *akrobystia*: for the *einai* him *patera* of all the ones *pisteuontōn*, through *akrobystias*; for the *logisthēnai* also to them the *dikaiosynēn*:", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*sēmeion*": "accusative, neuter, singular - sign", "*elaben*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he received", "*peritomēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of circumcision", "*sphragida*": "accusative, feminine, singular - seal", "*tēs dikaiosynēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the righteousness", "*tēs pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the faith", "*tēs en tē akrobystia*": "genitive with prepositional phrase - of that in the uncircumcision", "*eis to einai*": "preposition with articular infinitive - for to be", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - him", "*patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - father", "*pantōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of all", "*tōn pisteuontōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural, present active participle - of the ones believing", "*di' akrobystias*": "genitive with preposition - through uncircumcision", "*eis to logisthēnai*": "preposition with articular aorist passive infinitive - for to be reckoned", "*kai*": "conjunction - also", "*autois*": "dative, masculine, plural - to them", "*tēn dikaiosynēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the righteousness" }, "variants": { "*sēmeion*": "sign/token/indication", "*elaben*": "received/took/obtained", "*peritomēs*": "circumcision", "*sphragida*": "seal/confirmation/mark", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice", "*pisteōs*": "faith/trust/belief", "*akrobystia*": "uncircumcision/uncircumcised state", "*einai*": "to be/exist", "*patera*": "father/ancestor", "*pisteuontōn*": "believing/trusting", "*logisthēnai*": "to be reckoned/counted/credited" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.12", "source": "Καὶ πατέρα περιτομῆς τοῖς οὐκ ἐκ περιτομῆς μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς στοιχοῦσιν τοῖς ἴχνεσιν τῆς ἐν τῇ ἀκροβυστίᾳ, πίστεως τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν Ἀβραάμ.", "text": "And *patera* of *peritomēs* to those not from *peritomēs* *monon*, but also to those *stoichousin* in the *ichnesin* of the in the *akrobystia*, *pisteōs* of the *patros* of us *Abraam*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - father", "*peritomēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of circumcision", "*tois ouk ek peritomēs*": "dative, masculine, plural with negative - to those not from circumcision", "*monon*": "adverb - only", "*alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*kai*": "conjunction - also", "*tois stoichousin*": "dative, masculine, plural, present active participle - to those walking/following", "*tois ichnesin*": "dative, neuter, plural - in the footsteps", "*tēs en tē akrobystia*": "genitive with prepositional phrase - of the in the uncircumcision", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of faith", "*tou patros*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the father", "*hēmōn*": "genitive, 1st person plural - of us", "*Abraam*": "genitive, masculine - Abraham" }, "variants": { "*patera*": "father/ancestor", "*peritomēs*": "circumcision/circumcised people", "*monon*": "only/merely", "*stoichousin*": "walking/following/living in line with", "*ichnesin*": "footsteps/tracks/path", "*akrobystia*": "uncircumcision/uncircumcised state", "*pisteōs*": "faith/trust/belief", "*patros*": "father/ancestor" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.13", "source": "Οὐ γὰρ διὰ νόμου, ἡ ἐπαγγελία, τῷ Ἀβραὰμ, ἢ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτοῦ, τὸ κληρονόμον αὐτὸν εἶναι τοῦ κόσμου, ἀλλὰ διὰ δικαιοσύνης πίστεως.", "text": "Not *gar* through *nomou*, the *epangelia*, to the *Abraam*, or to the *spermati* of him, the *klēronomon* him *einai* of the *kosmou*, but through *dikaiosynēs* *pisteōs*.", "grammar": { "*Ou*": "negative particle - not", "*gar*": "explanatory conjunction - for", "*dia nomou*": "genitive with preposition - through law", "*hē epangelia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the promise", "*tō Abraam*": "dative, masculine, singular - to Abraham", "*ē*": "disjunctive conjunction - or", "*tō spermati*": "dative, neuter, singular - to the seed", "*autou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of him", "*to klēronomon*": "accusative, neuter, singular - the heir", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - him", "*einai*": "present active infinitive - to be", "*tou kosmou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of the world", "*alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*dia dikaiosynēs*": "genitive with preposition - through righteousness", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of faith" }, "variants": { "*nomou*": "law/legal system", "*epangelia*": "promise/pledge", "*spermati*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*klēronomon*": "heir/inheritor", "*einai*": "to be/exist", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/ordered system", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice", "*pisteōs*": "faith/trust/belief" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.14", "source": "Εἰ γὰρ οἱ ἐκ νόμου κληρονόμοι, κεκένωται ἡ πίστις, καὶ κατήργηται ἡ ἐπαγγελία:", "text": "If *gar* the ones from *nomou* are *klēronomoi*, has been *kekenōtai* the *pistis*, and has been *katērgētai* the *epangelia*:", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional particle - if", "*gar*": "explanatory conjunction - for", "*hoi ek nomou*": "nominative, masculine, plural with preposition - the ones from law", "*klēronomoi*": "nominative, masculine, plural - heirs", "*kekenōtai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - has been emptied", "*hē pistis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the faith", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*katērgētai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - has been nullified", "*hē epangelia*": "nominative, feminine, singular - the promise" }, "variants": { "*nomou*": "law/legal system", "*klēronomoi*": "heirs/inheritors", "*kekenōtai*": "has been emptied/made void/rendered meaningless", "*pistis*": "faith/trust/belief", "*katērgētai*": "has been nullified/abolished/rendered ineffective", "*epangelia*": "promise/pledge" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.15", "source": "Ὁ γὰρ νόμος ὀργὴν κατεργάζεται: οὗ γὰρ οὐκ ἔστιν νόμος, οὐδὲ παράβασις.", "text": "The *gar* *nomos* *orgēn* *katergazetai*: where *gar* not *estin* *nomos*, neither *parabasis*.", "grammar": { "*Ho*": "nominative, masculine, singular article - the", "*gar*": "explanatory conjunction - for", "*nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - law", "*orgēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - wrath", "*katergazetai*": "present middle indicative, 3rd person singular - produces/works out", "*hou*": "relative adverb - where", "*gar*": "explanatory conjunction - for", "*ouk estin*": "present active indicative with negative, 3rd person singular - is not", "*nomos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - law", "*oude*": "negative conjunction - neither/nor", "*parabasis*": "nominative, feminine, singular - transgression" }, "variants": { "*nomos*": "law/legal system", "*orgēn*": "wrath/anger/punishment", "*katergazetai*": "produces/works out/brings about", "*estin*": "is/exists", "*parabasis*": "transgression/violation/crossing over" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.16", "source": "Διὰ τοῦτο ἐκ πίστεως, ἵνα κατὰ χάριν· εἰς τὸ εἶναι βεβαίαν τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν παντὶ τῷ σπέρματι· οὐ τῷ ἐκ τοῦ νόμου μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῷ ἐκ πίστεως Ἀβραάμ· ὅς ἐστιν πατὴρ πάντων ἡμῶν,", "text": "Through *touto* from *pisteōs*, that according to *charin*; for the *einai* *bebaian* the *epangelian* to all the *spermati*; not to the from the *nomou* *monon*, but also to the from *pisteōs* *Abraam*; who *estin* *patēr* of all of us,", "grammar": { "*Dia touto*": "accusative with preposition - because of this", "*ek pisteōs*": "genitive with preposition - from faith", "*hina*": "purpose conjunction - so that/in order that", "*kata charin*": "accusative with preposition - according to grace", "*eis to einai*": "preposition with articular infinitive - for to be", "*bebaian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - certain/guaranteed", "*tēn epangelian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the promise", "*panti tō spermati*": "dative, neuter, singular - to all the seed", "*ou tō ek tou nomou*": "dative with negative - not to the from the law", "*monon*": "adverb - only", "*alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*kai*": "conjunction - also", "*tō ek pisteōs*": "dative with preposition - to the from faith", "*Abraam*": "genitive - Abraham", "*hos*": "nominative, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - who", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is", "*patēr*": "nominative, masculine, singular - father", "*pantōn hēmōn*": "genitive, plural - of all of us" }, "variants": { "*touto*": "this/this reason", "*pisteōs*": "faith/trust/belief", "*charin*": "grace/favor", "*einai*": "to be/exist", "*bebaian*": "certain/guaranteed/firm", "*epangelian*": "promise/pledge", "*spermati*": "seed/offspring/descendants", "*nomou*": "law/legal system", "*monon*": "only/merely", "*patēr*": "father/ancestor" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.17", "source": "(Καθὼς γέγραπται, ὅτι Πατέρα πολλῶν ἐθνῶν τέθεικά,) σε κατέναντι οὗ ἐπίστευσεν, Θεοῦ, τοῦ ζωοποιοῦντος τοὺς νεκροὺς, καὶ καλοῦντος τὰ μὴ ὄντα ὡς ὄντα.", "text": "(Just as it is *gegraptai*, that *Patera* of many *ethnōn* I have *tetheika*,) you *katenanti* of whom he *episteusen*, *Theou*, the one *zōopoiountos* the *nekrous*, and *kalountos* the things *mē onta* as *onta*.", "grammar": { "*Kathōs*": "comparative conjunction - just as", "*gegraptai*": "perfect passive indicative, 3rd person singular - it has been written", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*Patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - Father", "*pollōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of many", "*ethnōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of nations", "*tetheika*": "perfect active indicative, 1st person singular - I have made/set", "*se*": "accusative, singular, 2nd person pronoun - you", "*katenanti*": "preposition - before/in the presence of", "*hou*": "genitive, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - of whom", "*episteusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he believed", "*Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*tou zōopoiountos*": "genitive, masculine, singular, present active participle - the one making alive", "*tous nekrous*": "accusative, masculine, plural - the dead", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*kalountos*": "genitive, masculine, singular, present active participle - calling", "*ta mē onta*": "accusative, neuter, plural with negative, present participle - the things not being", "*hōs*": "comparative particle - as", "*onta*": "accusative, neuter, plural, present active participle - being" }, "variants": { "*gegraptai*": "has been written/stands written", "*Patera*": "Father/ancestor", "*ethnōn*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*tetheika*": "I have made/set/appointed", "*katenanti*": "before/in the presence of/opposite", "*episteusen*": "believed/trusted/had faith", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*zōopoiountos*": "making alive/giving life/vivifying", "*nekrous*": "dead/dead ones", "*kalountos*": "calling/naming/inviting", "*onta*": "being/existing" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.18", "source": "Ὃς παρʼ ἐλπίδα ἐπʼ ἐλπίδι ἐπίστευσεν, εἰς τὸ γενέσθαι αὐτὸν πατέρα πολλῶν ἐθνῶν· κατὰ τὸ εἰρημένον, Οὕτως ἔσται τὸ σπέρμα σου.", "text": "Who against *elpida* upon *elpidi* *episteusen*, for the *genesthai* him *patera* of many *ethnōn*; according to the thing having been *eirēmenon*, Thus *estai* the *sperma* of you.", "grammar": { "*Hos*": "nominative, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - who", "*par' elpida*": "accusative with preposition - against hope", "*ep' elpidi*": "dative with preposition - upon hope", "*episteusen*": "aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - believed", "*eis to genesthai*": "preposition with articular aorist middle infinitive - for to become", "*auton*": "accusative, masculine, singular - him", "*patera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - father", "*pollōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of many", "*ethnōn*": "genitive, neuter, plural - of nations", "*kata to eirēmenon*": "accusative with preposition - according to the thing having been said", "*Houtōs*": "demonstrative adverb - thus/so", "*estai*": "future middle indicative, 3rd person singular - will be", "*to sperma*": "nominative, neuter, singular - the seed", "*sou*": "genitive, singular, 2nd person pronoun - of you" }, "variants": { "*elpida*": "hope/expectation", "*elpidi*": "hope/expectation", "*episteusen*": "believed/trusted/had faith", "*genesthai*": "to become/come to be", "*patera*": "father/ancestor", "*ethnōn*": "nations/peoples/gentiles", "*eirēmenon*": "having been said/spoken", "*estai*": "will be/shall be", "*sperma*": "seed/offspring/descendants" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.19", "source": "Καὶ μὴ ἀσθενήσας τῇ πίστει, οὐ κατενόησεν τὸ ἑαυτοῦ σῶμα ἤδη νενεκρωμένον, ἑκατονταέτης που ὑπάρχων, καὶ τὴν νέκρωσιν τῆς μήτρας Σάρρας:", "text": "And not having *asthenēsas* in the *pistei*, not he *katenoēsen* the of himself *sōma* already having been *nenekrōmenon*, *hekatontaetēs* *pou* *hyparchōn*, and the *nekrōsin* of the *mētras* of *Sarras*:", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*mē asthenēsas*": "aorist active participle with negative - not having become weak", "*tē pistei*": "dative, feminine, singular - in the faith", "*ou katenoēsen*": "aorist active indicative with negative, 3rd person singular - he did not consider", "*to heautou sōma*": "accusative, neuter, singular - the of himself body", "*ēdē*": "temporal adverb - already", "*nenekrōmenon*": "perfect passive participle, accusative, neuter, singular - having been deadened", "*hekatontaetēs*": "nominative, masculine, singular - hundred years old", "*pou*": "adverb - somewhere/about", "*hyparchōn*": "present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being/existing", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*tēn nekrōsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the deadness", "*tēs mētras*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of the womb", "*Sarras*": "genitive, feminine - of Sarah" }, "variants": { "*asthenēsas*": "having become weak/feeble", "*pistei*": "faith/trust/belief", "*katenoēsen*": "considered/observed carefully", "*sōma*": "body/physical frame", "*nenekrōmenon*": "having been deadened/made as dead", "*hekatontaetēs*": "hundred years old", "*hyparchōn*": "being/existing", "*nekrōsin*": "deadness/state of being dead", "*mētras*": "womb/uterus" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.20", "source": "Εἰς δὲ τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ οὐ διεκρίθη τῇ ἀπιστίᾳ· ἀλλʼ ἐνεδυναμώθη τῇ πίστει, δοὺς δόξαν τῷ Θεῷ·", "text": "Toward *de* the *epangelian* of the *Theou* not he *diekrithē* by the *apistia*; but was *enedynamōthē* by the *pistei*, having *dous* *doxan* to the *Theō*;", "grammar": { "*Eis*": "preposition with accusative - toward/regarding", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*tēn epangelian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - the promise", "*tou Theou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of God", "*ou diekrithē*": "aorist passive indicative with negative, 3rd person singular - he did not waver", "*tē apistia*": "dative, feminine, singular - by the unbelief", "*all'*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*enedynamōthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was strengthened", "*tē pistei*": "dative, feminine, singular - by the faith", "*dous*": "aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having given", "*doxan*": "accusative, feminine, singular - glory", "*tō Theō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to God" }, "variants": { "*epangelian*": "promise/pledge", "*Theou*": "God/deity", "*diekrithē*": "wavered/doubted/hesitated", "*apistia*": "unbelief/faithlessness", "*enedynamōthē*": "was strengthened/empowered", "*pistei*": "faith/trust/belief", "*dous*": "having given/granted", "*doxan*": "glory/honor/praise" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.21", "source": "Καὶ πληροφορηθεὶς ὅτι, ὃ ἐπήγγελται, δυνατός ἐστιν καὶ ποιῆσαι.", "text": "And having been *plērophorētheis* that, what he has *epēngeltai*, *dynatos* he *estin* also to *poiēsai*.", "grammar": { "*Kai*": "conjunction - and", "*plērophorētheis*": "aorist passive participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having been fully convinced", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*ho*": "accusative, neuter, singular, relative pronoun - what", "*epēngeltai*": "perfect middle indicative, 3rd person singular - he has promised", "*dynatos*": "nominative, masculine, singular - able/powerful", "*estin*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - he is", "*kai*": "conjunction - also", "*poiēsai*": "aorist active infinitive - to do/perform" }, "variants": { "*plērophorētheis*": "having been fully convinced/assured/persuaded", "*epēngeltai*": "has promised/pledged", "*dynatos*": "able/powerful/capable", "*poiēsai*": "to do/perform/accomplish" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.22", "source": "Διὸ Καὶ ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ εἰς δικαιοσύνην.", "text": "Wherefore also it was *elogisthē* to him for *dikaiosynēn*.", "grammar": { "*Dio*": "inferential conjunction - wherefore/therefore", "*Kai*": "conjunction - also", "*elogisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - it was reckoned", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to him", "*eis*": "preposition with accusative - for/unto", "*dikaiosynēn*": "accusative, feminine, singular - righteousness" }, "variants": { "*elogisthē*": "was reckoned/counted/credited", "*dikaiosynēn*": "righteousness/justice" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.23", "source": "Οὐκ ἐγράφη δὲ διʼ αὐτὸν μόνον, ὅτι ἐλογίσθη αὐτῷ·", "text": "Not it was *egraphē* *de* for *auton* *monon*, that it was *elogisthē* to him;", "grammar": { "*Ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*egraphē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - it was written", "*de*": "conjunction - but/and", "*di' auton*": "accusative with preposition - for him", "*monon*": "adverb - only", "*hoti*": "conjunction - that", "*elogisthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - it was reckoned", "*autō*": "dative, masculine, singular - to him" }, "variants": { "*egraphē*": "was written/recorded", "*monon*": "only/merely", "*elogisthē*": "was reckoned/counted/credited" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.24", "source": "Ἀλλὰ καὶ διʼ ἡμᾶς, οἷς μέλλει λογίζεσθαι, τοῖς πιστεύουσιν ἐπὶ τὸν ἐγείραντα Ἰησοῦν τὸν Κύριον ἡμῶν ἐκ νεκρῶν·", "text": "But also for *hēmas*, to whom it is about to *logizesthai*, to the ones *pisteuousin* *epi* the one having *egeiranta* *Iēsoun* the *Kyrion* of us from *nekrōn*;", "grammar": { "*Alla*": "strong adversative conjunction - but", "*kai*": "conjunction - also", "*di' hēmas*": "accusative with preposition - for us", "*hois*": "dative, masculine, plural, relative pronoun - to whom", "*mellei*": "present active indicative, 3rd person singular - is about to", "*logizesthai*": "present passive infinitive - to be reckoned", "*tois pisteuousin*": "dative, masculine, plural, present active participle - to the ones believing", "*epi*": "preposition with accusative - upon", "*ton egeiranta*": "accusative, masculine, singular, aorist active participle - the one having raised", "*Iēsoun*": "accusative, masculine - Jesus", "*ton Kyrion*": "accusative, masculine, singular - the Lord", "*hēmōn*": "genitive, plural, 1st person - of us", "*ek nekrōn*": "genitive with preposition - from dead" }, "variants": { "*logizesthai*": "to be reckoned/counted/credited", "*pisteuousin*": "believing/trusting", "*egeiranta*": "having raised/lifted up", "*Kyrion*": "Lord/Master", "*nekrōn*": "dead ones/corpses" } }

{ "verseID": "Romans.4.25", "source": "Ὃς παρεδόθη διὰ τὰ παραπτώματα ἡμῶν, καὶ ἠγέρθη διὰ τὴν δικαίωσιν ἡμῶν.", "text": "Who was *paredothē* for the *paraptōmata* of us, and was *ēgerthē* for the *dikaiōsin* of us.", "grammar": { "*Hos*": "nominative, masculine, singular, relative pronoun - who", "*paredothē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was delivered up", "*dia ta paraptōmata*": "accusative with preposition - for the transgressions", "*hēmōn*": "genitive, plural, 1st person - of us", "*kai*": "conjunction - and", "*ēgerthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular - was raised", "*dia tēn dikaiōsin*": "accusative with preposition - for the justification", "*hēmōn*": "genitive, plural, 1st person - of us" }, "variants": { "*paredothē*": "was delivered up/handed over", "*paraptōmata*": "transgressions/trespasses/offenses", "*ēgerthē*": "was raised/brought up", "*dikaiōsin*": "justification/vindication/declaration of righteousness" } }