John 11:51

Bible in Basic English (1941)

He did not say this of himself, but being the high priest that year he said, as a prophet, that Jesus would be put to death for the nation;

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Τοῦτο δὲ ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ οὐκ εἶπεν: ἀλλὰ ἀρχιερεὺς ὢν τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ ἐκείνου, προεφήτευσεν ὅτι ἔμελλεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀποθνῄσκειν ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἔθνους·

Transliteration

This de aph' heautou ouk eipen: alla archiereus ōn tou eniautou ekeinou, proephēteusen hoti emellen ho Iēsous apothnēskein hyper tou ethnous.

Grammar Details

• *touto*: demonstrative pronoun, accusative neuter singular - this
• *de*: postpositive conjunction - but/and
• *aph' heautou*: preposition + reflexive pronoun, genitive masculine singular - from himself
• *ouk*: negative particle - not
• *eipen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said
• *alla*: strong adversative conjunction - but
• *archiereus*: nominative masculine singular - high priest
• *ōn*: present active participle, nominative masculine singular - being
• *tou eniautou*: genitive masculine singular - of the year
• *ekeinou*: demonstrative pronoun, genitive masculine singular - that
• *proephēteusen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he prophesied
• *hoti*: conjunction - that
• *emellen*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was about to/was going to
• *ho Iēsous*: nominative masculine singular - Jesus
• *apothnēskein*: present active infinitive - to die
• *hyper*: preposition + genitive - on behalf of/for
• *tou ethnous*: genitive neuter singular - the nation

Word Meanings

• *aph' heautou*: from himself/on his own initiative
• *archiereus*: high priest/chief priest
• *eniautou*: year/annual period
• *proephēteusen*: prophesied/foretold
• *emellen*: was about to/was going to/intended to
• *apothnēskein*: to die/to be dying
• *ethnous*: nation/people/ethnic group

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 23:9 : 9 And it was clear to David that Saul had evil designs against him, and he said to Abiathar the priest, Come here with the ephod.
• Exod 28:30 : 30 And in the bag you are to put the Urim and Thummim, so that they may be on Aaron's heart whenever he goes in before the Lord; and Aaron may have the power of making decisions for the children of Israel before the Lord at all times.
• Num 22:28 : 28 Then the Lord gave the ass the power of talking, and opening her mouth she said to Balaam, What have I done to you that you have given me blows these three times?
• Num 24:2 : 2 And lifting up his eyes, he saw Israel there, with their tents in the order of their tribes: and the spirit of God came on him.
• Num 24:14-25 : 14 So now I will go back to my people: but first let me make clear to you what this people will do to your people in days to come. 15 Then he went on with his story and said, These are the words of Balaam, the son of Beor, the words of him whose eyes are open: 16 He says, whose ear is open to the words of God, who has knowledge of the Most High, who has seen the vision of the Ruler of all, falling down and having his eyes open: 17 I see him, but not now: looking on him, but not near: a star will come out of Jacob, and a rod of authority out of Israel, sending destruction to the farthest limits of Moab and on the head of all the sons of Sheth. 18 Edom will be his heritage, and he will put an end to the last of the people of Seir. 19 And Israel will go on in strength, and Jacob will have rule over his haters. 20 Then, turning his eyes to Amalek, he went on with his story and said, Amalek was the first of the nations, but his part will be destruction for ever. 21 And looking on the Kenites he went on with his story and said, Strong is your living-place, and your secret place is safe in the rock. 22 But still the Kenites will be wasted, till Asshur takes you away prisoner. 23 Then he went on with his story and said, But who may keep his life when God does this? 24 But ships will come from the direction of Kittim, troubling Asshur and troubling Eber, and like the others their fate will be destruction. 25 Then Balaam got up and went back to his place: and Balak went away.
• Judg 20:27-28 : 27 And the children of Israel made request to the Lord, (for the ark of the agreement of the Lord was there in those days, 28 And Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, was in his place before it,) and said, Am I still to go on with the fight against the children of Benjamin my brother, or am I to give it up? And the Lord said, Go on; for tomorrow I will give him into your hands.
• 1 Sam 28:6 : 6 And when Saul went for directions to the Lord, the Lord gave him no answer, by a dream or by the Urim or by the prophets.
• Isa 53:5-8 : 5 But it was for our sins he was wounded, and for our evil doings he was crushed: he took the punishment by which we have peace, and by his wounds we are made well. 6 We all went wandering like sheep; going every one of us after his desire; and the Lord put on him the punishment of us all. 7 Men were cruel to him, but he was gentle and quiet; as a lamb taken to its death, and as a sheep before those who take her wool makes no sound, so he said not a word. 8 They took away from him help and right, and who gave a thought to his fate? for he was cut off from the land of the living: he came to his death for the sin of my people.
• Dan 9:26 : 26 And at the end of the times, even after the sixty-two weeks, one on whom the holy oil has been put will be cut off and have no ...; and the town and the holy place will be made waste together with a prince; and the end will come with an overflowing of waters, and even to the end there will be war; the making waste which has been fixed.
• Matt 7:22-23 : 22 A great number will say to me on that day, Lord, Lord, were we not prophets in your name, and did we not by your name send out evil spirits, and by your name do works of power? 23 And then will I say to them, I never had knowledge of you: go from me, you workers of evil.
• Matt 20:28 : 28 Even as the Son of man did not come to have servants, but to be a servant, and to give his life for the salvation of men.
• John 10:15 : 15 Even as the Father has knowledge of me and I of the Father; and I am giving my life for the sheep.
• Rom 3:25-26 : 25 Whom God has put forward as the sign of his mercy, through faith, by his blood, to make clear his righteousness when, in his pity, God let the sins of earlier times go without punishment; 26 And to make clear his righteousness now, so that he might himself be upright, and give righteousness to him who has faith in Jesus.
• 1 Cor 13:2 : 2 And if I have a prophet's power, and have knowledge of all secret things; and if I have all faith, by which mountains may be moved from their place, but have not love, I am nothing.
• 2 Cor 5:21 : 21 For him who had no knowledge of sin God made to be sin for us; so that we might become the righteousness of God in him.
• Gal 3:13 : 13 Christ has made us free from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us: because it is said in the Writings, A curse on everyone who is put to death by hanging on a tree:
• Gal 4:4-5 : 4 But when the time had come, God sent out his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, 5 That he might make them free who were under the law, and that we might be given the place of sons.
• 1 Pet 2:24 : 24 He took our sins on himself, giving his body to be nailed on the tree, so that we, being dead to sin, might have a new life in righteousness, and by his wounds we have been made well.
• 1 Pet 3:18 : 18 Because Christ once went through pain for sins, the upright one taking the place of sinners, so that through him we might come back to God; being put to death in the flesh, but given life in the Spirit;
• 2 Pet 2:15-17 : 15 Turning out of the true way, they have gone wandering in error, after the way of Balaam, the son of Beor, who was pleased to take payment for wrongdoing; 16 But his wrongdoing was pointed out to him: an ass, talking with a man's voice, put a stop to the error of the prophet. 17 These are fountains without water, and mists before a driving storm; for whom the eternal night is kept in store.