John 4:9

Bible in Basic English (1941)

The woman of Samaria said to him, Why do you, a Jew, make a request for water to me, a woman of Samaria? She said this because Jews have nothing to do with the people of Samaria.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Λέγει οὖν αὐτῷ ἡ γυνὴ ἡ Σαμαρεῖτις, Πῶς σὺ, Ἰουδαῖος, ὢν παρʼ ἐμοῦ πιεῖν αἰτεῖς, οὔσης γυναικὸς Σαμαρείτιδος; οὐ γὰρ συγχρῶνται Ἰουδαῖοι Σαμαρείταις.

Transliteration

Legei oun autō the gynē the Samareitis, How you, Ioudaios, ōn par' emou piein aiteis, being gynaikos Samareitidos? ou gar sygchrōntai Ioudaioi Samareitais.

Grammar Details

• *Legei*: present active indicative, 3rd singular - says/is saying
• *oun*: inferential conjunction - therefore/then/accordingly
• *autō*: dative masculine singular - to him
• *gynē*: nominative feminine singular - woman
• *Samareitis*: nominative feminine singular - Samaritan woman
• *Ioudaios*: nominative masculine singular - Jew/Jewish man
• *ōn*: present active participle, nominative masculine singular - being
• *par'*: preposition + genitive - from
• *emou*: genitive 1st singular pronoun - me
• *piein*: aorist active infinitive - to drink
• *aiteis*: present active indicative, 2nd singular - you ask/are asking
• *gynaikos*: genitive feminine singular - woman
• *Samareitidos*: genitive feminine singular - Samaritan
• *ou*: negative particle - not
• *gar*: postpositive conjunction - for/because
• *sygchrōntai*: present middle indicative, 3rd plural - associate with/have dealings with
• *Ioudaioi*: nominative masculine plural - Jews
• *Samareitais*: dative masculine plural - Samaritans

Word Meanings

• *Samareitis*: Samaritan woman
• *aiteis*: ask/request/demand
• *sygchrōntai*: associate with/have dealings with/use together with

Referenced Verses

• Acts 10:28 : 28 And he said to them, You yourselves have knowledge that it is against the law for a man who is a Jew to be in the company of one who is of another nation; but God has made it clear to me that no man may be named common or unclean:
• John 8:48 : 48 The Jews said to him in answer, Are we not right in saying that you are of Samaria and have an evil spirit?
• Luke 10:33 : 33 But a certain man of Samaria, journeying that way, came where he was, and when he saw him, he was moved with pity for him,
• Luke 17:16-19 : 16 And, falling down on his face at the feet of Jesus, he gave the credit to him; and he was a man of Samaria. 17 And Jesus said, Were there not ten men who were made clean? where are the nine? 18 Have not any of them come back to give glory to God, but only this one from a strange land? 19 And he said to him, Get up, and go on your way; your faith has made you well.
• John 4:27 : 27 At that point the disciples came back, and they were surprised to see him talking to a woman; but not one of them said to him, What is your purpose? or, Why are you talking to her?
• Matt 10:5 : 5 These twelve Jesus sent out and gave them orders, saying, Do not go among the Gentiles, or into any town of Samaria,
• Luke 9:52-56 : 52 And he sent men before: and they came to a small town of Samaria to make ready for him. 53 But they would not have him there, because he was clearly going to Jerusalem. 54 And when his disciples, James and John, saw this, they said, Lord, may we send fire from heaven and put an end to them? 55 But turning round he said sharp words to them. 56 And they went to another small town.
• 2 Kgs 17:24-41 : 24 Then the king of Assyria took men from Babylon and from Cuthah and Avva and Hamath and Sepharvaim, and put them in the towns of Samaria in place of the children of Israel; so they got Samaria for their heritage, living in its towns. 25 Now when first they were living there they did not give worship to the Lord. So the Lord sent lions among them, causing the death of some of them. 26 So they said to the king of Assyria, The nations whom you have taken as prisoners and put in the towns of Samaria, have no knowledge of the way of the god of the land: so he has sent lions among them, causing their death, because they have no knowledge of his way. 27 Then the king of Assyria gave orders, saying, Send there one of the priests whom you took away, and let him be living there and teaching the people the way of the god of the land. 28 So one of the priests whom they had taken away as a prisoner from Samaria came back, and, living in Beth-el, became their teacher in the worship of the Lord. 29 And every nation made gods for themselves, and put them in the houses of the high places which the Samaritans had made, every nation in the towns where they were living. 30 The men of Babylon made Succoth-benoth, and the men of Cuth made Nergal, and the men of Hamath made Ashima, 31 The Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites gave their children to be burned in the fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, the gods of Sepharvaim. 32 So they went on worshipping the Lord, and made for themselves, from among all the people, priests for the high places, to make offerings for them in the houses of the high places. 33 They gave worship to the Lord, but they gave honour to their gods like the nations did from whom they had been taken as prisoners. 34 So to this day they go on in their old ways, not worshipping the Lord or keeping his orders or his ways or the law and the rule which the Lord gave to the children of Jacob, to whom he gave the name Israel; 35 And the Lord made an agreement with them and gave them orders, saying, You are to have no other gods; you are not to give worship to them or be their servants or make them offerings: 36 But the Lord, who took you out of the land of Egypt with his great power and his outstretched arm, he is your God, to whom you are to give worship and make offerings: 37 And the rules and the orders and the law which he put in writing for you, you are to keep and do for ever; you are to have no other gods. 38 And you are to keep in memory the agreement which I have made with you; and you are to have no other gods. 39 And you are to give worship to the Lord your God; for it is he who will give you salvation from the hands of all who are against you. 40 But they gave no attention, but went on in their old way. 41 So these nations, worshipping the Lord, still were servants to the images they had made; their children and their children's children did the same; as their fathers did, so do they, to this day.
• Ezra 4:1-9 : 1 Now news came to the haters of Judah and Benjamin that the people who had come back were building a Temple to the Lord, the God of Israel; 2 Then they came to Zerubbabel and to the heads of families, and said to them, Let us take part in the building with you; for we are servants of your God, even as you are; and we have been making offerings to him from the days of Esar-haddon, king of Assyria, who put us here. 3 But Zerubbabel and Jeshua and the rest of the heads of families in Israel said to them, You have no part with us in the building of a house for our God; we ourselves will do the work together for the Lord, the God of Israel, as Cyrus, king of Persia, has given us orders. 4 Then the people of the land made the hands of the people of Judah feeble, troubling them with fear in their building; 5 And they gave payment to men who made designs against them and kept them from effecting their purpose, all through the time of Cyrus, king of Persia, till Darius became king. 6 And in the time of Ahasuerus, when he first became king, they put on record a statement against the people of Judah and Jerusalem. 7 And in the time of Artaxerxes, Bishlam, Mithredath, Tabeel, and the rest of his friends, sent a letter to Artaxerxes, king of Persia, writing it in the Aramaean writing and language. 8 Rehum, the chief ruler, and Shimshai the scribe, sent a letter against Jerusalem, to Artaxerxes the king; 9 The letter was sent by Rehum, the chief ruler, and Shimshai the scribe and their friends; the Dinaites and the Apharsathchites, the Tarpelites, the Apharsites, the Archevites, the Babylonians, the Shushanchites, the Dehaites, the Elamites, 10 And the rest of the nations which the great and noble Osnappar took over and put in Samaria and the rest of the country over the river: 11 This is a copy of the letter which they sent to Artaxerxes the king: Your servants living across the river send these words: 12 We give news to the king that the Jews who came from you have come to us at Jerusalem; they are building up again that uncontrolled and evil town; the walls are complete and they are joining up the bases. 13 The king may be certain that when the building of this town and its walls is complete, they will give no tax or payment in goods or forced payments, and in the end it will be a cause of loss to the kings. 14 Now because we are responsible to the king, and it is not right for us to see the king's honour damaged, we have sent to give the king word of these things, 15 So that search may be made in the book of the records of your fathers: and you will see in the book of the records that this town has been uncontrolled, and a cause of trouble to kings and countries, and that there were outbursts against authority there in the past: for which reason the town was made waste. 16 We give you word, that if the building of this town and its walls is made complete, there will be an end of your power in the country across the river. 17 Then the king sent an answer to Rehum, the chief ruler, and Shimshai the scribe, and their friends living in Samaria, and to the rest of those across the river, saying, Peace to you: 18 And now the sense of the letter which you sent to us has been made clear to me, 19 And I gave orders for a search to be made, and it is certain that in the past this town has made trouble for kings, and that outbursts against authority have taken place there. 20 Further, there have been great kings in Jerusalem, ruling over all the country across the river, to whom they gave taxes and payments in goods and forced payments. 21 Give an order now, that these men are to do nothing more, and that the building of the town is to be stopped, till I give an order. 22 Be certain to do this with all care: do not let trouble be increased to the king's damage. 23 Then, after reading the king's letter, Rehum and Shimshai the scribe and their friends went quickly to Jerusalem, to the Jews, and had them stopped by force. 24 So the work of the house of God at Jerusalem came to an end; so it was stopped, till the second year of the rule of Darius, king of Persia.
• Neh 4:1-2 : 1 Now, Sanballat, hearing that we were building the wall, was very angry, and in his wrath made sport of the Jews. 2 And in the hearing of his countrymen and the army of Samaria he said, What are these feeble Jews doing? will they make themselves strong? will they make offerings? will they get the work done in a day? will they make the stones which have been burned come again out of the dust?
• Acts 1:8 : 8 But you will have power, when the Holy Spirit has come on you; and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem and all Judaea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.