Zephaniah 1:6

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Zephaniah.1.6", "source": "וְאֶת־הַנְּסוֹגִ֖ים מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַאֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־בִקְשׁ֥וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א דְרָשֻֽׁהוּ׃", "text": "*wəʾeṯ*-*hannəsôḡîm* from-*ʾaḥărê* *YHWH*, *waʾăšer* not-*ḇiqšû* *ʾeṯ*-*YHWH* and-not *ḏərāšuhû*.", "grammar": { "*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*hannəsôḡîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones turning back/departing", "*ʾaḥărê*": "preposition with construct - from after/from following", "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton", "*waʾăšer*": "conjunction + relative particle - and who", "*ḇiqšû*": "piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they have sought", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ḏərāšuhû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they have inquired of him" }, "variants": { "*hannəsôḡîm*": "the ones turning back/departing/withdrawing/retreating", "*ḇiqšû*": "sought/searched for/inquired about", "*ḏərāšuhû*": "inquired of him/sought him/consulted him" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאֶת־הַנְּסוֹגִ֖ים מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַאֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־בִקְשׁ֥וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֖ה וְלֹ֥א דְרָשֻֽׁהוּ׃

Transliteration

wəʾeṯ-hannəsôḡîm from-ʾaḥărê YHWH, waʾăšer not-ḇiqšû ʾeṯ-YHWH and-not ḏərāšuhû.

Grammar Details

• *wəʾeṯ*: conjunction + direct object marker
• *hannəsôḡîm*: niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones turning back/departing
• *ʾaḥărê*: preposition with construct - from after/from following
• *YHWH*: divine name, tetragrammaton
• *waʾăšer*: conjunction + relative particle - and who
• *ḇiqšû*: piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they have sought
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *ḏərāšuhû*: qal perfect, 3rd person plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - they have inquired of him

Word Meanings

• *hannəsôḡîm*: the ones turning back/departing/withdrawing/retreating
• *ḇiqšû*: sought/searched for/inquired about
• *ḏərāšuhû*: inquired of him/sought him/consulted him

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  And I will remove those who turn back from following the Lord, who do not seek the Lord or inquire of Him.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And them that are turned back from the LORD; and those that have not sought the LORD, nor inquired for him.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  And those that have turned back from the LORD; and those that have not sought the LORD, nor inquired for Him.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And them that are turned back from the LORD; and those that have not sought the LORD, nor enquired for him.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  and them that are turned back from following Jehovah; and those that have not sought Jehovah, nor inquired after him.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  And them that are turned back from the LORD; and those that have not sought the LORD, nor enquired for him.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  which starte a backe from ye LORDE, and nether seke after the LORDE, ner regarde him.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And them that are turned backe from the Lord, and those that haue not sought the Lorde, nor inquired for him.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Which start backe from the Lorde, and neither seke after the Lorde nor regard hym.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And them that are turned back from the LORD; and [those] that have not sought the LORD, nor enquired for him.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  those who have turned back from following Yahweh, and those who haven't sought Yahweh nor inquired after him.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And those removing from after Jehovah, And who have not sought Jehovah, nor besought Him.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and them that are turned back from following Jehovah; and those that have not sought Jehovah, nor inquired after him.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  and them that are turned back from following Jehovah; and those that have not sought Jehovah, nor inquired after him.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And those who are turned back from going after the Lord, and those who have not made prayer to the Lord or got directions from him.

• World English Bible (2000)

  those who have turned back from following Yahweh, and those who haven't sought Yahweh nor inquired after him.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  and those who turn their backs on the LORD and do not want the LORD’s help or guidance.”

Referenced Verses

• Isa 1:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Isaiah.1.4", "source": "ה֣וֹי ׀ גּ֣וֹי חֹטֵ֗א עַ֚ם כֶּ֣בֶד עָוֺ֔ן זֶ֣רַע מְרֵעִ֔ים בָּנִ֖ים מַשְׁחִיתִ֑ים עָזְב֣וּ אֶת־יְהוָ֗ה נִֽאֲצ֛וּ אֶת־קְד֥וֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל נָזֹ֥רוּ אָחֽוֹר׃", "text": "*hôy* *gôy* *ḥōṭēʾ* *'am* *kebed* *'āwōn* *zera'* *mᵉrē'îm* *bānîm* *mašḥîtîm* *'āzᵊbû* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *niʾăṣû* *ʾet*-*qᵉdôš* *yiśrāʾēl* *nāzōrû* *ʾāḥôr*", "grammar": { "*hôy*": "interjection - woe/alas", "*gôy*": "noun, masculine singular - nation", "*ḥōṭēʾ*": "participle, qal active, masculine singular - sinning", "*'am*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*kebed*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - heavy with/laden with", "*'āwōn*": "noun, masculine singular - iniquity", "*zera'*": "noun, masculine singular construct - seed/offspring of", "*mᵉrē'îm*": "participle, hifil active, masculine plural - evildoers", "*bānîm*": "noun, masculine plural - children/sons", "*mašḥîtîm*": "participle, hifil active, masculine plural - corrupting/destroying", "*'āzᵊbû*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they have forsaken", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*niʾăṣû*": "verb, piel perfect, 3rd person plural - they have spurned/despised", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*qᵉdôš*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - Holy One of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*nāzōrû*": "verb, nifal perfect, 3rd person plural - they have turned away", "*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward" }, "variants": { "*hôy*": "woe/alas/ah", "*ḥōṭēʾ*": "sinning/sinful/offending", "*kebed*": "heavy with/laden with/weighed down by", "*mᵉrē'îm*": "evildoers/those who do evil/wicked ones", "*mašḥîtîm*": "corrupting/destroying/acting corruptly", "*'āzᵊbû*": "forsaken/abandoned/left", "*niʾăṣû*": "spurned/despised/rejected/blasphemed", "*nāzōrû*": "turned away/estranged/alienated" } }
• Jer 2:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.13", "source": "כִּֽי־שְׁתַּ֥יִם רָע֖וֹת עָשָׂ֣ה עַמִּ֑י אֹתִ֨י עָזְב֜וּ מְק֣וֹר ׀ מַ֣יִם חַיִּ֗ים לַחְצֹ֤ב לָהֶם֙ בֹּאר֔וֹת בֹּארֹת֙ נִשְׁבָּרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־יָכִ֖לוּ הַמָּֽיִם׃", "text": "*Kî*-*štayim* *rāʿôt* *ʿāśāh* *ʿammî* *ʾōtî* *ʿāzəbû* *məqôr* *mayim* *ḥayyîm* *laḥṣōb* *lāhem* *bōʾrôt* *bōʾrōt* *nišbārîm* *ʾăšer* *lōʾ*-*yākîlû* *ha-māyim*", "grammar": { "*Kî*-*štayim*": "conjunction + cardinal number, feminine dual - for two", "*rāʿôt*": "noun, feminine plural - evils", "*ʿāśāh*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did/made", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular + 1st singular suffix - my people", "*ʾōtî*": "direct object marker + 1st singular suffix - me", "*ʿāzəbû*": "qal perfect, 3rd common plural - they forsook", "*məqôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fountain of", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*ḥayyîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - living", "*laḥṣōb*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to hew out", "*lāhem*": "preposition + 3rd masculine plural suffix - for themselves", "*bōʾrôt*": "noun, feminine plural - cisterns", "*bōʾrōt*": "noun, feminine plural - cisterns", "*nišbārîm*": "niphal participle, masculine plural - broken", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*lōʾ*-*yākîlû*": "negative particle + hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - cannot contain", "*ha-māyim*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the water" }, "variants": { "*rāʿôt*": "evils/bad things/calamities", "*ʿāśāh*": "did/made/performed/accomplished", "*ʿāzəbû*": "forsook/abandoned/left", "*məqôr*": "fountain/spring/source", "*ḥayyîm*": "living/alive/fresh", "*laḥṣōb*": "to hew out/to dig/to cut", "*bōʾrôt*": "cisterns/wells/pits", "*nišbārîm*": "broken/cracked/shattered", "*yākîlû*": "contain/hold/retain" } }
• Jer 2:17 : 17 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.2.17", "source": "הֲלוֹא־זֹ֖את תַּעֲשֶׂה־לָּ֑ךְ עָזְבֵךְ֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהַ֔יִךְ בְּעֵ֖ת מוֹלִיכֵ֥ךְ בַּדָּֽרֶךְ׃", "text": "*Hălôʾ*-*zōʾt* *taʿăśeh*-*lāk* *ʿāzəbēk* *ʾet*-*YHWH* *ʾĕlōhayik* *bə-ʿēt* *môlîkēk* *ba-dārek*", "grammar": { "*Hălôʾ*-*zōʾt*": "interrogative particle + negative particle + demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - is not this", "*taʿăśeh*-*lāk*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular + preposition + 2nd feminine singular suffix - it does to you", "*ʿāzəbēk*": "qal infinitive construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your forsaking", "*ʾet*-*YHWH*": "direct object marker + divine name - YHWH", "*ʾĕlōhayik*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd feminine singular suffix - your God", "*bə-ʿēt*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - in time of", "*môlîkēk*": "hiphil infinitive construct + 2nd feminine singular suffix - his leading you", "*ba-dārek*": "preposition + definite article + noun, masculine singular - in the way" }, "variants": { "*taʿăśeh*": "it does/it brings/it causes", "*ʿāzəbēk*": "your forsaking/your abandoning/your leaving", "*ʾĕlōhayik*": "your God", "*ʿēt*": "time/period/season", "*môlîkēk*": "his leading you/his guiding you/his bringing you", "*dārek*": "way/path/road/journey" } }
• Jer 15:6 : 6 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.15.6", "source": "אַ֣תְּ נָטַ֥שְׁתְּ אֹתִ֛י נְאֻם־יְהוָ֖ה אָח֣וֹר תֵּלֵ֑כִי וָאַ֨ט אֶת־יָדִ֤י עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ וָֽאַשְׁחִיתֵ֔ךְ נִלְאֵ֖יתִי הִנָּחֵֽם׃", "text": "You *nāṭašt* me *nəʾum-YHWH*, backward *tēlēkî*; *wā-ʾaṭ* *ʾet-yādî* against-you *wā-ʾašḥîtēk*, *nilʾêtî* *hinnāḥēm*.", "grammar": { "*nāṭašt*": "qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you have forsaken/abandoned", "*nəʾum-YHWH*": "utterance construct + divine name - declaration of Yahweh/says the LORD", "*tēlēkî*": "qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular - you will go/walk", "*wā-ʾaṭ*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect 1st common singular - and I stretched out", "*ʾet-yādî*": "direct object marker + noun common feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my hand", "*wā-ʾašḥîtēk*": "waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 1st common singular with 2nd feminine singular suffix - and I destroyed you", "*nilʾêtî*": "niphal perfect 1st common singular - I am weary/tired", "*hinnāḥēm*": "niphal infinitive construct - of relenting/showing compassion" }, "variants": { "*nāṭašt*": "you have forsaken/abandoned/rejected", "*ʾāḥôr tēlēkî*": "you go backward/you walk behind/you turned away", "*wā-ʾaṭ ʾet-yādî*": "I stretched out my hand/I extended my hand", "*wā-ʾašḥîtēk*": "and I destroyed you/demolished you/ruined you", "*nilʾêtî hinnāḥēm*": "I am weary of relenting/I am tired of showing compassion/I am exhausted from having mercy" } }
• Ezek 3:20 : 20 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.3.20", "source": "וּבְשׁ֨וּב צַדִּ֤יק מִצִּדְקוֹ֙ וְעָ֣שָׂה עָ֔וֶל וְנָתַתִּ֥י מִכְשׁ֛וֹל לְפָנָ֖יו ה֣וּא יָמ֑וּת כִּ֣י לֹ֤א הִזְהַרְתּוֹ֙ בְּחַטָּאת֣וֹ יָמ֔וּת וְלֹ֣א תִזָכַ֗רְןָ צִדְקֹתָו֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֔ה וְדָמ֖וֹ מִיָּדְךָ֥ אֲבַקֵּֽשׁ׃", "text": "And when *ûḇešûḇ* *ṣaddîq* from his *miṣṣidqô* and does *weʿāśāh* *ʿāwel*, and I place *wenāṯattî* *miḵšôl* before him *lep̄ānāyw*, he *hûʾ* shall die *yāmûṯ*; because *kî* not *lōʾ* *hizhartô*, in his *beḥaṭṭāṯô* he shall die *yāmûṯ*, and not *welōʾ* *tizzāḵarnā* his *ṣidqōṯāw* which *ʾăšer* he did *ʿāśāh*, and his *wedāmô* from your hand *miyyādeḵā* I will require *ʾăḇaqqēš*.", "grammar": { "*ûḇešûḇ*": "conjunction + preposition + Qal infinitive construct - and when returns", "*ṣaddîq*": "adjective, masculine singular - righteous one", "*miṣṣidqô*": "preposition + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - from his righteousness", "*weʿāśāh*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and does", "*ʿāwel*": "masculine singular noun - injustice/iniquity", "*wenāṯattî*": "conjunction + Qal perfect, 1st person singular - and I place", "*miḵšôl*": "masculine singular noun - stumbling block", "*lep̄ānāyw*": "preposition + masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - before him", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*yāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall die", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hizhartô*": "Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - you warned him", "*beḥaṭṭāṯô*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - in his sin", "*welōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*tizzāḵarnā*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they will be remembered", "*ṣidqōṯāw*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his righteous deeds", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which", "*ʿāśāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did", "*wedāmô*": "conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his blood", "*miyyādeḵā*": "preposition + feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - from your hand", "*ʾăḇaqqēš*": "Piel imperfect, 1st person singular - I will require" }, "variants": { "*šûḇ*": "returns/repents/turns", "*ṣaddîq*": "righteous one/just person/innocent one", "*ṣedeq*": "righteousness/justice/rightness", "*weʿāśāh*": "and does/makes/performs", "*ʿāwel*": "injustice/iniquity/wrong", "*wenāṯattî*": "and I place/put/set", "*miḵšôl*": "stumbling block/obstacle/snare", "*pānîm*": "face/presence/before", "*hizhartô*": "you warned him/cautioned him/admonished him", "*ḥaṭṭāʾṯ*": "sin/offense/wrongdoing", "*tizzāḵarnā*": "they will be remembered/recalled/mentioned", "*ṣedāqôṯ*": "righteous deeds/acts of justice/good works", "*dām*": "blood/bloodshed/bloodguilt", "*ʾăḇaqqēš*": "I will require/seek/demand" } }
• Hos 4:15-16 : 15 { "verseID": "Hosea.4.15", "source": "אִם־זֹנֶ֤ה אַתָּה֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַל־יֶאְשַׁ֖ם יְהוּדָ֑ה וְאַל־תָּבֹ֣אוּ הַגִּלְגָּ֗ל וְאַֽל־תַּעֲלוּ֙ בֵּ֣ית אָ֔וֶן וְאַל־תִּשָּׁבְע֖וּ חַי־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*ʾim-zōnê* *ʾattâ* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʾal-yeʾšam* *Yəhûdâ* *wə-ʾal-tābōʾû* *ha-Gilgāl* *wə-ʾal-taʿălû* *Bêt* *ʾāwen* *wə-ʾal-tiššābəʿû* *ḥay*-*YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ʾim*": "conjunction - if/though", "*zōnê*": "participle, masculine singular - playing the harlot", "*ʾattâ*": "pronoun, 2nd person masculine singular - you", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾal*": "negative particle (jussive) - let not", "*yeʾšam*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular, jussive - become guilty", "*Yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - Judah", "*wə-ʾal*": "conjunction + negative particle (jussive) - and let not", "*tābōʾû*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you come", "*ha-Gilgāl*": "proper noun with definite article - the Gilgal", "*wə-ʾal*": "conjunction + negative particle (jussive) - and let not", "*taʿălû*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural - you go up", "*Bêt*": "noun, construct state - house of", "*ʾāwen*": "noun - idolatry/iniquity/trouble", "*wə-ʾal*": "conjunction + negative particle (jussive) - and let not", "*tiššābəʿû*": "imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural, niphal - you swear", "*ḥay*": "adjective, construct state - life of/as lives", "*YHWH*": "divine name" }, "variants": { "*zānâ*": "commit fornication/play the harlot/be unfaithful", "*ʾāšam*": "be guilty/bear punishment/become desolate", "*Bêt ʾāwen*": "House of Iniquity/Wickedness (pejorative name for Bethel)", "*ʾāwen*": "trouble/wickedness/sorrow/idolatry", "*šābaʿ* (niphal)": "swear/take an oath" } } 16 { "verseID": "Hosea.4.16", "source": "כִּ֚י כְּפָרָ֣ה סֹֽרֵרָ֔ה סָרַ֖ר יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עַתָּה֙ יִרְעֵ֣ם יְהוָ֔ה כְּכֶ֖בֶשׂ בַּמֶּרְחָֽב׃", "text": "*kî* *kə-pārâ* *sōrērâ* *sārar* *Yiśrāʾēl* *ʿattâ* *yirʿēm* *YHWH* *kə-kebeś* *ba-mmerḥāb*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*kə-pārâ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular - like a heifer/cow", "*sōrērâ*": "participle, feminine singular, qal - stubborn/rebellious", "*sārar*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - has been stubborn/rebellious", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*yirʿēm*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will feed/pasture them", "*YHWH*": "divine name", "*kə-kebeś*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - like a lamb", "*ba-mmerḥāb*": "preposition + noun with definite article, masculine singular - in the broad/wide place" }, "variants": { "*pārâ*": "heifer/cow", "*sārar*": "be stubborn/rebellious/defiant", "*rāʿâ*": "feed/pasture/tend/shepherd", "*kebeś*": "lamb/sheep", "*merḥāb*": "broad/wide place/open space" } }
• Hos 11:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Hosea.11.7", "source": "וְעַמִּ֥י תְלוּאִ֖ים לִמְשֽׁוּבָתִ֑י וְאֶל־עַל֙ יִקְרָאֻ֔הוּ יַ֖חַד לֹ֥א יְרוֹמֵם׃", "text": "And-*ʿammî* *təlûʾîm* to-*məšûbātî* and-to *ʿal* they-*yiqrāʾuhû* *yaḥad* not *yərômēm*.", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*ʿammî*": "noun, masculine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my people", "*təlûʾîm*": "verb, qal passive participle masculine plural - hanging/bent/inclined", "*lə-*": "preposition prefix - to", "*məšûbātî*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 1st person singular suffix - my turning away/backsliding", "*wə-*": "conjunction prefix - and", "*ʾel-*": "preposition - to/unto", "*ʿal*": "proper noun/preposition - Most High/upward", "*yiqrāʾuhû*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd person plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - they call him", "*yaḥad*": "adverb - together/alike/all", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*yərômēm*": "verb, polel imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he exalts/raises" }, "variants": { "*ʿammî*": "my people/my nation", "*təlûʾîm*": "hanging/bent/inclined/determined", "*məšûbātî*": "my backsliding/turning away/apostasy", "*ʿal*": "Most High/upward/yoke (possible readings)", "*yiqrāʾuhû*": "they call him/summon him/proclaim him", "*yaḥad*": "together/altogether/as one", "*yərômēm*": "he exalts/raises/lifts up" } }
• Heb 2:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Hebrews.2.3", "source": "Πῶς ἡμεῖς ἐκφευξόμεθα, τηλικαύτης ἀμελήσαντες σωτηρίας· ἥτις ἀρχὴν λαβοῦσα λαλεῖσθαι διὰ τοῦ Κυρίου, ὑπὸ τῶν ἀκουσάντων εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐβεβαιώθη·", "text": "How we *ekpheuxometha*, such great *amelēsantes sōtērias*; which *archēn labousa laleisthai dia* the *Kyriou*, by those *akousantōn* to us *ebebaiōthē*;", "grammar": { "*ekpheuxometha*": "future middle indicative, 1st plural - we will escape", "*amelēsantes*": "aorist active participle, nominative plural - having neglected/disregarded", "*sōtērias*": "genitive feminine singular - of salvation/deliverance", "*archēn*": "accusative feminine singular - beginning", "*labousa*": "aorist active participle, nominative feminine singular - having taken/received", "*laleisthai*": "present passive infinitive - to be spoken", "*dia*": "preposition with genitive - through", "*Kyriou*": "genitive masculine singular - of the Lord", "*akousantōn*": "aorist active participle, genitive plural - of those having heard", "*ebebaiōthē*": "aorist passive indicative, 3rd singular - was confirmed/established" }, "variants": { "*ekpheuxometha*": "we will escape/flee from/avoid", "*amelēsantes*": "having neglected/disregarded/been careless of", "*sōtērias*": "salvation/deliverance/preservation", "*archēn labousa*": "having taken beginning/having received origin", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/Master", "*ebebaiōthē*": "was confirmed/established/validated" } }
• Heb 10:38-39 : 38 { "verseID": "Hebrews.10.38", "source": "Ὁ δὲ δίκαιος ἐκ πίστεως ζήσεται: καὶ ἐὰν ὑποστείληται, οὐκ εὐδοκεῖ ἡ ψυχή μου ἐν αὐτῷ.", "text": "The but *dikaios* from *pisteōs zēsetai*: and if he *hyposteilētai*, not *eudokei* the *psychē* of me in him.", "grammar": { "*dikaios*": "nominative, masculine, singular - righteous/just", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of faith", "*zēsetai*": "future, middle, indicative, 3rd person, singular - will live", "*hyposteilētai*": "aorist, middle, subjunctive, 3rd person, singular - draws back/shrinks", "*eudokei*": "present, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - takes pleasure in", "*psychē*": "nominative, feminine, singular - soul" }, "variants": { "*dikaios*": "righteous person/just person", "*pisteōs*": "faith/trust/belief", "*zēsetai*": "will live/shall have life", "*hyposteilētai*": "draws back/shrinks/withdraws", "*eudokei*": "takes pleasure in/is pleased with", "*psychē*": "soul/inner being/self" } } 39 { "verseID": "Hebrews.10.39", "source": "Ἡμεῖς δὲ οὐκ ἐσμὲν ὑποστολῆς εἰς ἀπώλειαν· ἀλλὰ πίστεως εἰς περιποίησιν ψυχῆς.", "text": "We but not *esmen hypostolēs* to *apōleian*; but of *pisteōs* to *peripoiēsin psychēs*.", "grammar": { "*esmen*": "present, active, indicative, 1st person, plural - we are", "*hypostolēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of shrinking back/drawing back", "*apōleian*": "accusative, feminine, singular - destruction/perdition", "*pisteōs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of faith", "*peripoiēsin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - preservation/saving", "*psychēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of soul" }, "variants": { "*hypostolēs*": "shrinking back/drawing back/withdrawal", "*apōleian*": "destruction/ruin/perdition", "*peripoiēsin*": "preservation/saving/gaining", "*psychēs*": "soul/life" } }
• 2 Pet 2:18-22 : 18 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.18", "source": "Ὑπέρογκα γὰρ ματαιότητος φθεγγόμενοι, δελεάζουσιν ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις σαρκὸς, ἀσελγείαις, τοὺς ὄντως ἀποφύγοντας τοὺς ἐν πλάνῃ ἀναστρεφομένους.", "text": "*Hyperogka gar mataiotētos phtheggomenoi, deleazousin en epithymiais sarkos, aselgeiais, tous ontōs apophygontas tous en planē anastrephomenous*.", "grammar": { "*Hyperogka*": "accusative plural neuter - 'arrogant/boastful'", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - 'for'", "*mataiotētos*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of emptiness/vanity'", "*phtheggomenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative plural masculine - 'speaking/uttering'", "*deleazousin*": "present indicative active, 3rd plural - 'they entice/lure'", "*en epithymiais*": "preposition with dative plural feminine - 'in lusts/desires'", "*sarkos*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of flesh'", "*aselgeiais*": "dative plural feminine - 'by sensuality/debauchery'", "*tous*": "accusative plural masculine article - 'those'", "*ontōs*": "adverb - 'actually/really'", "*apophygontas*": "aorist active participle, accusative plural masculine - 'having escaped'", "*tous*": "accusative plural masculine article - 'those'", "*en planē*": "preposition with dative singular feminine - 'in error'", "*anastrephomenous*": "present middle participle, accusative plural masculine - 'living/conducting themselves'" }, "variants": { "*Hyperogka*": "arrogant things/boastful words/inflated speech", "*mataiotētos*": "of emptiness/vanity/futility", "*phtheggomenoi*": "speaking/uttering/proclaiming", "*deleazousin*": "they entice/lure/bait/allure", "*epithymiais*": "lusts/desires/cravings", "*sarkos*": "of flesh/body/human nature", "*aselgeiais*": "by sensuality/debauchery/licentiousness", "*ontōs*": "actually/really/truly/indeed", "*apophygontas*": "having escaped/fled from/avoided", "*planē*": "error/deception/wandering", "*anastrephomenous*": "living/conducting themselves/behaving" } } 19 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.19", "source": "Ἐλευθερίαν αὐτοῖς ἐπαγγελλόμενοι, αὐτοὶ δοῦλοι ὑπάρχοντες τῆς φθορᾶς: ᾧ γάρ τις ἥττηται, τούτῳ καὶ δεδούλωται.", "text": "*Eleutherian autois epangellomenoi, autoi douloi hyparchontes tēs phthoras: hō gar tis hēttētai, toutō kai dedoulōtai*.", "grammar": { "*Eleutherian*": "accusative singular feminine - 'freedom/liberty'", "*autois*": "dative plural masculine - 'to them'", "*epangellomenoi*": "present middle participle, nominative plural masculine - 'promising'", "*autoi*": "nominative plural masculine intensive pronoun - 'themselves'", "*douloi*": "nominative plural masculine - 'slaves'", "*hyparchontes*": "present active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'being/existing'", "*tēs phthoras*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of corruption'", "*hō*": "dative singular masculine/neuter relative pronoun - 'by what/whom'", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - 'for'", "*tis*": "nominative singular masculine indefinite pronoun - 'someone'", "*hēttētai*": "perfect indicative passive, 3rd singular - 'has been overcome'", "*toutō*": "dative singular masculine/neuter demonstrative pronoun - 'to this/by this'", "*kai*": "conjunction/adverb - 'also'", "*dedoulōtai*": "perfect indicative passive, 3rd singular - 'has been enslaved'" }, "variants": { "*Eleutherian*": "freedom/liberty/independence", "*epangellomenoi*": "promising/proclaiming/announcing", "*douloi*": "slaves/servants/bondservants", "*hyparchontes*": "being/existing/belonging as", "*phthoras*": "corruption/destruction/depravity", "*hēttētai*": "has been overcome/conquered/defeated", "*dedoulōtai*": "has been enslaved/made a slave" } } 20 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.20", "source": "Εἰ γὰρ ἀποφυγόντες τὰ μιάσματα τοῦ κόσμου ἐν ἐπιγνώσει τοῦ Κυρίου καὶ Σωτῆρος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, τούτοις δὲ πάλιν ἐμπλακέντες ἡττῶνται, γέγονεν, αὐτοῖς τὰ ἔσχατα χείρονα τῶν πρώτων.", "text": "*Ei gar apophygontes ta miasmata tou kosmou en epignōsei tou Kyriou kai Sōtēros Iēsou Christou, toutois de palin emplakentes hēttōntai, gegonen autois ta eschata cheirona tōn prōtōn*.", "grammar": { "*Ei*": "conditional conjunction - 'if'", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - 'for'", "*apophygontes*": "aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine - 'having escaped'", "*ta miasmata*": "accusative plural neuter - 'the defilements'", "*tou kosmou*": "genitive singular masculine - 'of the world'", "*en epignōsei*": "preposition with dative singular feminine - 'in knowledge'", "*tou Kyriou*": "genitive singular masculine - 'of the Lord'", "*kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*Sōtēros*": "genitive singular masculine - 'Savior'", "*Iēsou Christou*": "genitive singular masculine - 'Jesus Christ'", "*toutois*": "dative plural neuter - 'by these'", "*de*": "postpositive particle - 'but/and'", "*palin*": "adverb - 'again'", "*emplakentes*": "aorist passive participle, nominative plural masculine - 'having been entangled'", "*hēttōntai*": "present indicative passive, 3rd plural - 'they are overcome'", "*gegonen*": "perfect indicative active, 3rd singular - 'it has become'", "*autois*": "dative plural masculine - 'for them'", "*ta eschata*": "nominative plural neuter - 'the last things'", "*cheirona*": "nominative/accusative plural neuter comparative - 'worse'", "*tōn prōtōn*": "genitive plural neuter - 'than the first things'" }, "variants": { "*apophygontes*": "having escaped/fled from/avoided", "*miasmata*": "defilements/pollutions/contaminations", "*kosmou*": "world/universe/realm", "*epignōsei*": "knowledge/recognition/full knowledge", "*Kyriou*": "Lord/Master", "*Sōtēros*": "Savior/Deliverer/Preserver", "*palin*": "again/once more/back", "*emplakentes*": "having been entangled/ensnared/caught up in", "*hēttōntai*": "they are overcome/defeated/conquered", "*gegonen*": "it has become/happened/turned out", "*eschata*": "last things/last state/final condition", "*cheirona*": "worse/more severe/more evil", "*prōtōn*": "first things/initial state/beginning" } } 21 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.21", "source": "Κρεῖττον γὰρ ἦν αὐτοῖς μὴ ἐπεγνωκέναι τὴν ὁδὸν τῆς δικαιοσύνης, ἢ, ἐπιγνοῦσιν, ἐπιστρέψαι ἐκ τῆς παραδοθείσης αὐτοῖς ἁγίας ἐντολῆς.", "text": "*Kreitton gar ēn autois mē epegnōkenai tēn hodon tēs dikaiosynēs, ē, epignousin, epistrepsai ek tēs paradotheisēs autois hagias entolēs*.", "grammar": { "*Kreitton*": "nominative singular neuter comparative - 'better'", "*gar*": "postpositive particle - 'for'", "*ēn*": "imperfect indicative active, 3rd singular - 'it was'", "*autois*": "dative plural masculine - 'for them'", "*mē*": "negative particle - 'not'", "*epegnōkenai*": "perfect active infinitive - 'to have known'", "*tēn hodon*": "accusative singular feminine - 'the way'", "*tēs dikaiosynēs*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of righteousness'", "*ē*": "comparative particle - 'than'", "*epignousin*": "aorist active participle, dative plural masculine - 'having known'", "*epistrepsai*": "aorist active infinitive - 'to turn back'", "*ek*": "preposition - 'from'", "*tēs paradotheisēs*": "aorist passive participle, genitive singular feminine - 'having been delivered'", "*autois*": "dative plural masculine - 'to them'", "*hagias*": "genitive singular feminine - 'holy'", "*entolēs*": "genitive singular feminine - 'commandment'" }, "variants": { "*Kreitton*": "better/superior/preferable", "*epegnōkenai*": "to have known/fully recognized/understood", "*hodon*": "way/path/road", "*dikaiosynēs*": "righteousness/justice/righteous conduct", "*epignousin*": "having known/recognized/understood", "*epistrepsai*": "to turn back/return/turn away", "*paradotheisēs*": "having been delivered/handed down/transmitted", "*hagias*": "holy/sacred/set apart", "*entolēs*": "commandment/instruction/order" } } 22 { "verseID": "2 Peter.2.22", "source": "Συμβέβηκεν δὲ αὐτοῖς τὸ τῆς ἀληθοῦς παροιμίας, Κύων ἐπιστρέψας ἐπὶ τὸ ἴδιον ἐξέραμα· καί ὗς λουσαμένη εἰς κὺλισμα βορβόρου.", "text": "*Symbebēken de autois to tēs alēthous paroimias, Kyōn epistrepsas epi to idion exerama; kai hys lousamenē eis kylisma borborou*.", "grammar": { "*Symbebēken*": "perfect indicative active, 3rd singular - 'has happened'", "*de*": "postpositive particle - 'but/and'", "*autois*": "dative plural masculine - 'to them'", "*to*": "nominative singular neuter article - 'the'", "*tēs alēthous*": "genitive singular feminine - 'of the true'", "*paroimias*": "genitive singular feminine - 'proverb'", "*Kyōn*": "nominative singular masculine - 'dog'", "*epistrepsas*": "aorist active participle, nominative singular masculine - 'having returned'", "*epi*": "preposition - 'to'", "*to idion*": "accusative singular neuter - 'its own'", "*exerama*": "accusative singular neuter - 'vomit'", "*kai*": "conjunction - 'and'", "*hys*": "nominative singular feminine - 'sow'", "*lousamenē*": "aorist middle participle, nominative singular feminine - 'having washed herself'", "*eis*": "preposition - 'to/into'", "*kylisma*": "accusative singular neuter - 'wallowing place'", "*borborou*": "genitive singular masculine - 'of mud'" }, "variants": { "*Symbebēken*": "has happened/befallen/occurred", "*alēthous*": "true/genuine/real", "*paroimias*": "proverb/saying/maxim", "*Kyōn*": "dog/hound", "*epistrepsas*": "having returned/turned back", "*idion*": "its own/personal/private", "*exerama*": "vomit/what was thrown up", "*hys*": "sow/female pig", "*lousamenē*": "having washed herself/bathed", "*kylisma*": "wallowing place/mud pit", "*borborou*": "of mud/filth/mire" } }
• Jer 3:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.3.10", "source": "וְגַם־בְּכָל־זֹ֗את לֹא־שָׁ֨בָה אֵלַ֜י בָּגוֹדָ֧ה אֲחוֹתָ֛הּ יְהוּדָ֖ה בְּכָל־לִבָּ֑הּ כִּ֥י אִם־בְּשֶׁ֖קֶר נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ פ", "text": "And-also-in-all-this not-*šāḇâ* to-me *bāgôdâ* *ʾăḥôtâh* *yᵉhûdâ* with-all-*libbâh*, but-rather-in-*šeqer* *nᵉʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*šāḇâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she returned'", "*bāgôdâ*": "Qal participle feminine singular - 'treacherous/faithless'", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her sister'", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "proper name - 'Judah'", "*libbâh*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'her heart'", "*šeqer*": "noun, masculine singular - 'falsehood/lie'", "*nᵉʾum*": "construct state - 'utterance/declaration'", "*YHWH*": "proper name - 'Yahweh/LORD'" }, "variants": { "*šāḇâ*": "she returned/came back/repented", "*bāgôdâ*": "treacherous/faithless/deceitful", "*ʾăḥôtâh*": "her sister", "*yᵉhûdâ*": "Judah", "*libbâh*": "her heart/mind/inner being", "*šeqer*": "falsehood/lie/deception", "*nᵉʾum*": "utterance/declaration/oracle" } }
• Isa 9:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Isaiah.9.13", "source": "וַיַּכְרֵ֨ת יְהוָ֜ה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵ֗ל רֹ֧אשׁ וְזָנָ֛ב כִּפָּ֥ה וְאַגְמ֖וֹן י֥וֹם אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "And *yaḵrēt* *YHWH* from *yiśrāʾēl* *rōʾš* and *zānāḇ* *kippāh* and *ʾaḡmôn* *yôm* *ʾeḥāḏ*.", "grammar": { "*yaḵrēt*": "verb, Qal, imperfect, consecutive, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he cut off", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine, singular, absolute - head", "*zānāḇ*": "noun, masculine, singular, absolute - tail", "*kippāh*": "noun, feminine, singular, absolute - palm branch", "*ʾaḡmôn*": "noun, masculine, singular, absolute - reed/rush", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine, singular, absolute - day", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "adjective, masculine, singular, absolute - one" }, "variants": { "*yaḵrēt*": "cut off/removed/destroyed", "*rōʾš*": "head/chief/top/beginning", "*zānāḇ*": "tail/end", "*kippāh*": "palm branch/frond", "*ʾaḡmôn*": "reed/rush/bulrush" } }
• 1 Sam 15:11 : 11 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.15.11", "source": "נִחַ֗מְתִּי כִּֽי־הִמְלַ֤כְתִּי אֶת־שָׁאוּל֙ לְמֶ֔לֶךְ כִּֽי־שָׁב֙ מֵאַֽחֲרַ֔י וְאֶת־דְּבָרַ֖י לֹ֣א הֵקִ֑ים וַיִּ֙חַר֙ לִשְׁמוּאֵ֔ל וַיִּזְעַ֥ק אֶל־יְהוָ֖ה כָּל־הַלָּֽיְלָה׃", "text": "I repent *niḥamtî* that *kî*-I made king *himlaḵtî* *ʾeṯ*-*šāʾûl* to king *ləmeleḵ*, for *kî*-he has turned *šāḇ* from after me *mēʾaḥăray* and *wəʾeṯ*-my words *dəḇāray* not *lōʾ* he established *hēqîm*; and it grieved *wayyiḥar* to *lišmûʾēl* and he cried out *wayyizʿaq* to *ʾel*-*YHWH* all *kol*-the night *hallāylâ*.", "grammar": { "*niḥamtî*": "Niphal perfect, 1st person singular - I repent/regret/am sorry", "*kî*": "conjunction - that/because/for", "*himlaḵtî*": "Hiphil perfect, 1st person singular - I made king/caused to reign", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*šāʾûl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Saul", "*ləmeleḵ*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - to/as king", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*šāḇ*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he has turned/returned", "*mēʾaḥăray*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - from after me", "*wəʾeṯ*": "conjunction + direct object marker", "*dəḇāray*": "noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my words", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*hēqîm*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he established/fulfilled", "*wayyiḥar*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it burned/grieved", "*lišmûʾēl*": "preposition + proper noun, masculine singular - to Samuel", "*wayyizʿaq*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he cried out", "*ʾel*": "preposition - to", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/the LORD", "*kol*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*hallāylâ*": "definite article + noun, masculine singular - the night" }, "variants": { "*niḥamtî*": "I repent/regret/am sorry/change my mind", "*šāḇ*": "he has turned/returned/turned away", "*mēʾaḥăray*": "from after me/from following me", "*hēqîm*": "he established/fulfilled/carried out", "*wayyiḥar*": "and it burned/angered/grieved", "*wayyizʿaq*": "and he cried out/called out/complained" } }
• Ps 10:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.10.4", "source": "רָשָׁ֗ע כְּגֹ֣בַהּ אַ֭פּוֹ בַּל־יִדְרֹ֑שׁ אֵ֥ין אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים כָּל־מְזִמּוֹתָֽיו׃", "text": "*rāšāʿ* *kĕgōbah* *ʾappô* *bal-yidrōš* *ʾên* *ʾĕlōhîm* *kol-mĕzimmôtāyw*", "grammar": { "*rāšāʿ*": "noun masculine singular - wicked person", "*kĕgōbah*": "preposition + noun masculine construct - according to height of", "*ʾappô*": "noun masculine singular + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his nose/anger", "*bal*": "negative particle - not", "*yidrōš*": "qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - he seeks/inquires", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is no", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "noun masculine plural - God/gods", "*kol*": "noun masculine singular construct - all of", "*mĕzimmôtāyw*": "noun feminine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his thoughts/schemes" }, "variants": { "*rāšāʿ*": "wicked person/evildoer", "*gōbah*": "height/loftiness/pride", "*ʾap*": "nose/face/anger", "*yidrōš*": "seek/inquire/investigate", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine being", "*mĕzimmôt*": "thoughts/schemes/devices" } }
• Ps 125:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Psalms.125.5", "source": "וְהַמַּטִּ֤ים עַֽקַלְקַלּוֹתָ֗ם יוֹלִיכֵ֣ם יְ֭הוָה אֶת־פֹּעֲלֵ֣י הָאָ֑וֶן שָׁ֝ל֗וֹם עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*Wə*-*hammaṭṭîm* *ʿăqalqallôtām* *yôlîkēm* *YHWH* with-*pōʿălê* *hāʾāwen*. *Šālôm* upon-*Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and/but", "*hammaṭṭîm*": "hiphil participle, masculine plural with definite article - those who turn aside/bend", "*ʿăqalqallôtām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their crooked ways", "*yôlîkēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he will lead them away", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD", "*pōʿălê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - workers/doers of", "*hāʾāwen*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - iniquity/wickedness/trouble", "*Šālôm*": "noun, masculine singular - peace", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*hammaṭṭîm*": "those who turn aside/those who bend/those who pervert", "*ʿăqalqallôtām*": "their crooked ways/their devious paths/their twisted paths", "*yôlîkēm*": "he will lead them away/he will cause them to go/he will make them walk", "*pōʿălê hāʾāwen*": "workers of iniquity/evildoers/those who practice wickedness", "*Šālôm*": "peace/well-being/prosperity/completeness" } }
• Ps 14:2-3 : 2 { "verseID": "Psalms.14.2", "source": "יְֽהוָ֗ה מִשָּׁמַיִם֮ הִשְׁקִ֢יף עַֽל־בְּנֵי־אָדָ֥ם לִ֭רְאוֹת הֲיֵ֣שׁ מַשְׂכִּ֑יל דֹּ֝רֵשׁ אֶת־אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*YHWH* from *šāmayim* *hišqîp* upon *bənê-ʾādām* to *lirʾôt* if there is any *maśkîl*, *dōrēš* *ʾet-ʾĕlōhîm*.", "grammar": { "*YHWH*": "proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh", "*šāmayim*": "masculine plural noun - heavens", "*hišqîp*": "hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - looked down/observed", "*bənê-ʾādām*": "construct noun + noun - sons of man/humanity/mankind", "*lirʾôt*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct - to see/observe", "*maśkîl*": "hiphil participle masculine singular - one who understands/is wise", "*dōrēš*": "qal participle masculine singular - one who seeks", "*ʾet-ʾĕlōhîm*": "direct object marker + masculine plural noun - God/gods" }, "variants": { "*hišqîp*": "looked down/bent down to look/observed from above", "*maśkîl*": "one who has insight/acts wisely/understands", "*dōrēš*": "seeker/one who inquires after/searches for" } } 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.14.3", "source": "הַכֹּ֥ל סָר֮ יַחְדָּ֢ו נֶ֫אֱלָ֥חוּ אֵ֤ין עֹֽשֵׂה־ט֑וֹב אֵ֝֗ין גַּם־אֶחָֽד׃", "text": "The *kōl* have *sār* *yaḥdāw*, they have *neʾĕlāḥû*. There is none *ʿōśēh-ṭôb*, there is not *gam-ʾeḥād*.", "grammar": { "*kōl*": "noun with definite article - the whole/all/everyone", "*sār*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - turned aside/departed", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together/all of them", "*neʾĕlāḥû*": "niphal perfect 3rd plural - they have become corrupt/tainted/spoiled", "*ʿōśēh-ṭôb*": "qal participle masculine singular + noun - doer of good", "*gam-ʾeḥād*": "conjunction + noun - even one" }, "variants": { "*sār*": "turned aside/departed/gone astray", "*neʾĕlāḥû*": "became tainted/spoiled/corrupt/morally rotten", "*gam-ʾeḥād*": "even one/not even one" } }
• Ps 36:3 : 3 { "verseID": "Psalms.36.3", "source": "כִּֽי־הֶחֱלִ֣יק אֵלָ֣יו בְּעֵינָ֑יו לִמְצֹ֖א עֲוֺנ֣וֹ לִשְׂנֹֽא׃", "text": "For *heḥĕlîq* to him in *ʿênāyw* to *mᵊṣōʾ* *ʿăwōnô* to *śᵊnōʾ*", "grammar": { "*heḥĕlîq*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he made smooth/flattered", "*ʿênāyw*": "feminine, dual construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix (his) with prefixed preposition בְּ (in)", "*mᵊṣōʾ*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition לְ (to/for) - to find", "*ʿăwōnô*": "masculine, singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix (his) - his iniquity", "*śᵊnōʾ*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition לְ (to/for) - to hate" }, "variants": { "*heḥĕlîq*": "flattered/made smooth/deceived", "*ʿênāyw*": "his eyes/in his sight", "*mᵊṣōʾ*": "to find/discover", "*ʿăwōnô*": "his iniquity/guilt/sin", "*śᵊnōʾ*": "to hate/abhor" } }
• Isa 43:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Isaiah.43.22", "source": "וְלֹא־אֹתִ֥י קָרָ֖אתָ יַֽעֲקֹ֑ב כִּֽי־יָגַ֥עְתָּ בִּ֖י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And not me you *qārāʾtā* *Yaʿaqōb*, for you have *yāgaʿtā* with me *Yiśrāʾēl*.", "grammar": { "*qārāʾtā*": "perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you called", "*Yaʿaqōb*": "proper noun - Jacob", "*yāgaʿtā*": "perfect, 2nd person masculine singular - you grew weary", "*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel" }, "variants": { "*qārāʾtā*": "called/summoned/invited", "*yāgaʿtā*": "grew weary/became tired/labored" } }
• Hos 7:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Hosea.7.7", "source": "כֻּלָּ֤ם יֵחַ֙מּוּ֙ כַּתַּנּ֔וּר וְאָכְל֖וּ אֶת־שֹֽׁפְטֵיהֶ֑ם כָּל־מַלְכֵיהֶ֣ם נָפָ֔לוּ אֵין־קֹרֵ֥א בָהֶ֖ם אֵלָֽי׃", "text": "All of them *yēḥammû* like *tannûr* *wə*-*ʾāḵəlû* *ʾet*-*šōp̄ṭêhem* all-*malḵêhem* *nāp̄ālû* *ʾên*-*qōrēʾ* among them to me.", "grammar": { "*yēḥammû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they are hot/heated", "*tannûr*": "noun, masculine singular with prefix *ka* - like an oven", "*wə*-*ʾāḵəlû*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd plural - and they devour/consume", "*šōp̄ṭêhem*": "qal participle masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their judges", "*malḵêhem*": "noun, masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their kings", "*nāp̄ālû*": "qal perfect 3rd plural - they have fallen", "*ʾên*-*qōrēʾ*": "negative particle + qal participle masculine singular - there is no one calling", "*ʾēlāy*": "preposition + 1st singular suffix - to me" }, "variants": { "*yēḥammû*": "are hot/heated/burn with anger", "*ʾāḵəlû*": "devour/consume/destroy", "*šōp̄ṭêhem*": "their judges/rulers/leaders", "*nāp̄ālû*": "fallen/been overthrown/died", "*qōrēʾ*": "calling/crying out/praying" } }
• Rom 3:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Romans.3.11", "source": "Οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ συνίων, οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ ἐκζητῶν τὸν Θεόν.", "text": "*Ouk estin ho syniōn*, *ouk estin ho ekzētōn ton Theon*.", "grammar": { "*Ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*estin*": "verb, present active, 3rd person singular - is/exists", "*ho syniōn*": "article + participle, present active, nominative, masculine, singular - the one understanding", "*ouk*": "negative particle - not", "*estin*": "verb, present active, 3rd person singular - is/exists", "*ho ekzētōn*": "article + participle, present active, nominative, masculine, singular - the one seeking out", "*ton Theon*": "article + noun, accusative, masculine, singular - God" }, "variants": { "*syniōn*": "understanding/comprehending/discerning", "*ekzētōn*": "seeking out/searching for/earnestly seeking" } }