Exodus 20:5

Bishops' Bible (1568)

Thou shalt not bowe downe to them, neyther serue them: for I the Lord thy God, am a gelous God, and visite the sinne of the fathers vpon the chyldren, vnto the thirde and fourth generation of them that hate me:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחְוֶ֥֣ה לָהֶ֖ם֮ וְלֹ֣א תָעָבְדֵ֑ם֒ כִּ֣י אֽ͏ָנֹכִ֞י יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵ֣ל קַנָּ֔א פֹּ֠קֵד עֲוֺ֨ן אָבֹ֧ת עַל־בָּנִ֛ים עַל־שִׁלֵּשִׁ֥ים וְעַל־רִבֵּעִ֖ים לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י׃

Transliteration

lōʾ-ṯishtaḥăweh lāhem wə-lōʾ ṯāʿāḇəḏēm kî ʾānōḵî YHWH ʾĕlōheḵā ʾēl qannāʾ pōqēḏ ʿăwōn ʾāḇōṯ ʿal-bānîm ʿal-shillēshîm wə-ʿal-ribēʿîm lə-śōnəʾāy

Grammar Details

• *lōʾ-ṯishtaḥăweh*: negative particle + hishtaphel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not bow down
• *lāhem*: preposition with 3rd masculine plural suffix - to them
• *wə-lōʾ ṯāʿāḇəḏēm*: conjunction + negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and you shall not serve them
• *kî*: conjunction - for/because
• *ʾānōḵî*: 1st person singular pronoun - I
• *YHWH*: proper name - LORD/YHWH
• *ʾĕlōheḵā*: masculine plural noun construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God
• *ʾēl qannāʾ*: masculine singular noun + adjective - jealous God
• *pōqēḏ*: qal participle, masculine singular - visiting/punishing
• *ʿăwōn*: masculine singular construct - iniquity of
• *ʾāḇōṯ*: masculine plural noun - fathers
• *ʿal-bānîm*: preposition + masculine plural noun - upon children
• *ʿal-shillēshîm*: preposition + masculine plural ordinal - upon third [generation]
• *wə-ʿal-ribēʿîm*: conjunction + preposition + masculine plural ordinal - and upon fourth [generation]
• *lə-śōnəʾāy*: preposition + qal participle plural construct with 1st singular suffix - to those hating me

Word Meanings

• *ṯishtaḥăweh*: bow down/prostrate yourself/worship
• *ṯāʿāḇəḏēm*: serve them/worship them/be enslaved to them
• *ʾēl qannāʾ*: jealous God/zealous God/passionate God
• *pōqēḏ*: visiting/punishing/attending to
• *ʿăwōn*: iniquity/guilt/punishment
• *lə-śōnəʾāy*: to those who hate me/to my enemies

Referenced Verses

• Num 14:18 : 18 The Lorde is long yer he be angrie, and of great mercy, and suffreth iniquitie and sinne, and leaueth no man innocent, and visiteth the vnrighteousnesse of the fathers vpon the chyldren, in the thirde and fourth generations.
• Exod 34:14 : 14 Thou shalt worship no straunge God: for the Lorde is called ielous, because he is a ielous God.
• Nah 1:2 : 2 God is ielous, & the Lorde auengeth, the Lorde auengeth and hath wrath in store: the Lord auengeth vpon them that trouble hym, and he remembreth his enemies.
• Jer 32:18 : 18 Thou shewest mercy vpon thousandes, thou recompensest the wickednesse of the fathers into the bosome of the chyldren that come after them.
• Deut 4:24 : 24 For the Lorde thy God, is a consumyng fire, and a ielous God.
• Deut 5:9 : 9 Thou shalt neither bowe thy selfe vnto them, nor serue them: for I the Lord thy God, am a ielouse God, visityng the wickednesse of the fathers vpon the children, euen vnto the third and fourth generation among them that hate me:
• Deut 6:15 : 15 (For the Lorde thy God is a ielous God among you) lest the countenaunce of the Lorde thy God be moued to wrath agaynst thee, and destroy thee from the face of the earth.
• Josh 23:7 : 7 Neither company with these nations that is with them that are left with you, neither make mention of the name of ther gods, nor cause to sweare by them, neither serue them, nor bowe your selues vnto them.
• Exod 23:24 : 24 Thou shalt not bowe downe to their gods, neither serue the, neither do after ye workes of them: but ouerthrowe the, and breake downe the images of them.
• Num 14:33 : 33 And your chyldren shall wander in the wildernesse fourtie yeres, and suffer for your whordome, vntyll your carkasses be wasted in the wyldernesse.
• Josh 24:19 : 19 And Iosuah sayde vnto the people, Ye can not serue the Lord: for he is an holy God, and a ielous God, and cannot beare your iniquite and sinne.
• Ps 79:8 : 8 O remember not against vs sinnes that be past, with all speede let thy tender mercy preuent vs: for we are brought very lowe.
• Ps 109:14 : 14 Let the wyckednes of his fathers be had in remembraunce in the sight of God: and let not the sinne of his mother be wyped away.
• Isa 65:6-7 : 6 Beholde, it is written before my face, and shall not be forgotten, but recompenced: I shall rewarde it them into their bosome. 7 I meane your misdeedes, and the misdeedes of your fathers together saith the Lord, which haue made their smokes vpon the mountaines, and blasphemed me vpon the hilles: therefore wyll I measure their olde deedes into their bosome agayne.
• Jer 2:9 : 9 Wherfore I am constrayned, saith the Lorde, yet agayne to contende in iudgement with you, and with your childers children.
• John 7:7 : 7 The worlde can not hate you, but me it hateth, because I testifie of it, that the workes therof are euyll.
• John 15:18 : 18 Yf the worlde hate you, ye knowe that it hated me before it hated you.
• John 15:23-24 : 23 He that hateth me, hateth my father also. 24 Yf I had not done among them, the workes which none other man dyd, they shoulde haue had no sinne. But nowe haue they both seene, and hated not only me, but also my father,
• Rom 1:30 : 30 Backbyters, haters of God, dispiteful, proude, boasters, bryngers vp of euyll thinges, disobedient to father & mother:
• Lev 26:39-40 : 39 And they that are left of you, shal pine away in their vnrighteousnesse euen in your enemies landes, & in the misdeedes of their fathers shall they consume with them. 40 And they shal confesse their misdeedes and the misdeedes of their fathers, for their trespasse which they haue trespassed agaynst me, and for that also that they haue walked contrary vnto me.
• Jas 4:4 : 4 Ye adulterers & adultresses, knowe you not howe that the frendship of the world is enmitie with God? Whosoeuer therfore wylbe a friende of the worlde, is made the enemie of God.
• Isa 14:20-21 : 20 Thou art not buried with them: euen because that thou hast wasted thy lande & destroyed thy people: The generation of the wicked shalbe out of memorie for euer. 21 Let there a way be sought to destroy their children that be in their fathers wickednesse, that they come not vp agayne to possesse the lande, and fyll the worlde full of enemies.
• Isa 44:15 : 15 Which wood serueth for men to burne: Of this he taketh and warmeth hym selfe withall, he maketh a fire of it to bakebread, and maketh also a god therof to honour it, and a grauen image to kneele before it.
• Isa 44:19 : 19 They ponder not in their mindes, for they haue neither knowledge nor vnderstanding to thinke thus: I haue brent one peece in the fire, I haue baked bread with the coales thereof, I haue rosted fleshe withall, and eaten it: and I wyll nowe of the residue make an abhominable idoll, and fall downe before a rotten peece of wood.
• Ps 81:15 : 15 The haters of God shoulde haue ben founde liers: and their time should haue endured for euer.
• Job 5:4 : 4 His children were without prosperitie, and they were slayne in the gate, and there was no man to deliuer them.
• 2 Kgs 23:26 : 26 Notwithstanding, the Lorde turned not from the fiercenesse of his great wrath wherewith he was angry against Iuda, because of all the prouocations that Manasse had prouoked him withall.
• 2 Sam 21:1 : 1 Then there was an hunger in the dayes of Dauid three yeres together: And Dauid enquired of ye Lorde. And the Lorde aunswered: It is for Saul, and the house of blood, because he slue the Gibeonites.
• 2 Sam 21:6 : 6 Let seuen men of his sonnes be deliuered vnto vs, & we will hang them vp vnto the Lorde in Gibeah of Saul whom ye Lord did choose. And the king saide: I will geue them you.
• 1 Kgs 21:29 : 29 Seest thou howe Ahab humbleth him selfe before me? because he so submitteth him selfe before me, I wil not bring that euil in his dayes: but in his sonnes dayes will I bring euyll vpon his house.
• 2 Kgs 17:35 : 35 And the Lorde made an appoyntment with them, and charged them, saying: Feare none other gods, nor bowe your selues to them, nor serue them, nor sacrifice to them:
• Lev 26:1 : 1 Ye shall make you no idols nor graue image, neither reare you vp any piller, neither shall ye set vp any image of stone in your lande to bowe downe vnto it: for I am the Lorde your God.
• Deut 32:21 : 21 They haue angred me with that which is no god, and prouoked me with their vanities: And I also wyll prouoke them with those whiche are no people, I wyll anger them with a foolishe nation.
• Deut 32:41 : 41 If I whet the edge of my sworde, and mine hande take holde to do iustice, I wyl recompence vengeaunce on mine enemies, and wyll rewarde them that hate me.
• Josh 23:16 : 16 When ye haue transgressed the appointmet of the Lord your God which he commaunded you, and haue gone & serued straunge goddes, & bowed your selues to them: then shall the wrath of the Lorde waxe whot vpon you, and ye shall perishe quicklie from of the good lande which he hath geuen you.
• Deut 7:10 : 10 And rewardeth them that hate hym to their face, so that he bryngeth them to naught, and doth not deferre the tyme, but rewardeth hym that hateth hym before his face.
• Lev 26:29 : 29 And ye shall eate the fleshe of your sonnes, and the fleshe of your daughters shall ye deuour.
• Exod 34:6-7 : 6 And the Lorde passed by before hym, and cryed, Lorde, Lorde, God, strong, mercyfull and gracious, long suffering, and aboundaunt in goodnes & trueth, 7 And kepyng mercy in store for thousandes, forgeuing wickednes, vngodlynes and sinne, and not leauing one innocent, visiting the wickednes of the fathers vpon the chyldren, and vpon the chyldrens chyldren, euen vnto the third and fourth generation.
• Lev 20:5 : 5 I wyll put my face agaynst that man, and agaynst his kynred, and wyll cut hym of, and all that go a whoring after hym to commit whordome with Moloch, from among their people.
• 2 Kgs 17:41 : 41 And so these nations feared the Lord, and serued their images also, like as did their children and their childrens children: Euen as dyd their fathers, so do they vnto this day.
• 2 Chr 25:14 : 14 And it chaunced after that Amaziahu was come from the slaughter of the Edomites, he brought the gods of the children of Seir, and set them vp to be his gods, and bowed him selfe before them, and burned incense vnto them.
• Judg 2:19 : 19 Yet for all that, assoone as the iudge was dead, they returned, and dyd worse then their fathers, in folowing straunge goddes, to serue them & worship them: and ceassed not from their owne inuentions, nor from their malitious way.
• 1 Sam 15:2-3 : 2 Thus saith the Lorde of hoastes: I remember that which Amalek did to Israel, how they layed waite for them in the waye as they came vp from Egypt. 3 Nowe therfore go, and smyte Amalek, and destroye ye all that pertaineth vnto them, and haue no compassion on them, slay both man & woman, infant and suckling, oxe and sheepe, camel and asse.
• Job 21:19 : 19 God wyll lay vp the sorowe of the father for his children: & when he rewardeth him, he shall know it.
• Ps 78:58 : 58 For they stirred hym to anger with their hygh places: and prouoked him to ielousie with their carued images.
• Prov 6:34-35 : 34 For the ielousie and wrath of the man wyll not be entreated, 35 No though thou wouldest offer hym great gyftes to make amendes, he wyll not receaue them.
• Prov 8:36 : 36 But whoso offendeth against me, hurteth his owne soule: and they that hate me, are the louers of death.
• Matt 4:9 : 9 And sayth vnto hym: All these wyll I geue thee, yf thou wylt fall downe, and worshyp me.
• Matt 23:34-36 : 34 Wherfore, beholde I sende vnto you prophetes, and wyse men, and Scribes, and some of them ye shall kyll and crucifie: and some of them shall ye scourge in your synagogues, and persecute them from citie to citie. 35 That vpon you may come all the ryghteous blood, which hath ben shed vpon the earth, from the blood of ryghteous Abel, vnto the blood of Zacharias, sonne of Barachias, whom ye slewe betwene the temple & the aulter. 36 Ueryly I say vnto you: all these thynges shal come vpon this generatio.
• Rom 8:7 : 7 Because that the fleshly mynde is enmitie agaynst God: For it is not obedient to the lawe of God, neither can be.
• 1 Cor 10:22 : 22 Either do we prouoke the Lorde to anger? Are we stronger then he?
• Ezek 8:3 : 3 And he stretched out the likenesse of an hande, and toke me by an heery locke of my head, and the spirite lift me vp betwixt earth and heauen, and brought me in a diuine vision to Hierusalem, into the entry of the inner gate that lyeth towarde the north, where remayned the image of emulation and of gayne.
• Dan 1:2 : 2 And the Lord deliuered Iehoachim the king of Iuda into his hande, with part of the vessels of the house of God, which he caried away into the lande of Sennar to the house of his God, and he brought the vessels into his gods treasurie.