Judges 2:1

King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

And an angel of the LORD came up from Gilgal to Bochim, and said, I made you to go up out of Egypt, and have brought you unto the land which I sware unto your fathers; and I said, I will never break my covenant with you.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיַּ֧עַל מַלְאַךְ־יְהוָ֛ה מִן־הַגִּלְגָּ֖ל אֶל־הַבֹּכִ֑ים פ וַיֹּאמֶר֩ אַעֲלֶ֨ה אֶתְכֶ֜ם מִמִּצְרַ֗יִם וָאָבִ֤יא אֶתְכֶם֙ אֶל־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִשְׁבַּ֙עְתִּי֙ לַאֲבֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וָאֹמַ֕ר לֹֽא־אָפֵ֧ר בְּרִיתִ֛י אִתְּכֶ֖ם לְעוֹלָֽם׃

Transliteration

And wayyaʿal malʾaḵ-YHWH from-the-Gilgal to-the-Boḵim and wayyomer I-will-bring-up ʾet-you from-Miṣrayim and-I-brought ʾet-you to-the-ʾereṣ which nišbaʿtî to-ʾaḇôtêḵem and-I-said not-I-will-break bərîtî with-you for-ʿôlām

Grammar Details

• *wayyaʿal*: waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went up
• *malʾaḵ*-*YHWH*: construct state - messenger/angel of YHWH
• *Gilgal*: proper noun with definite article
• *Boḵim*: proper noun with definite article - 'weepers'
• *wayyomer*: waw-consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *Miṣrayim*: proper noun - Egypt
• *ʾereṣ*: feminine noun with definite article - land/earth
• *nišbaʿtî*: niphal perfect, 1st singular - I swore
• *ʾaḇôtêḵem*: masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your fathers
• *bərîtî*: feminine noun with 1st singular suffix - my covenant
• *ʿôlām*: masculine noun - forever/eternity

Word Meanings

• *malʾaḵ*: messenger/angel/representative
• *YHWH*: proper name of Israel's God
• *wayyaʿal*: went up/ascended/came up
• *Boḵim*: place name meaning 'weepers'
• *ʾaʿăleh*: I will bring up/cause to ascend
• *ʾereṣ*: land/earth/ground/territory
• *ʾaḇôtêḵem*: your forefathers/ancestors
• *ʾāpēr*: break/violate/nullify
• *bərît*: covenant/treaty/agreement
• *ʿôlām*: forever/perpetuity/long duration

Referenced Verses

• Gen 17:7-8 : 7 And I will establish my covenant between me and thee and thy seed after thee in their nerations for an everlasting covenant, to be a God unto thee, and to thy seed after thee. 8 And I will give unto thee, and to thy seed after thee, the land wherein thou art a stranr, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession; and I will be their God.
• Lev 26:42 : 42 Then will I remember my covenant with Jacob, and also my covenant with Isaac, and also my covenant with Abraham will I remember; and I will remember the land.
• Exod 20:2 : 2 I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
• Exod 23:20 : 20 Behold, I send an Angel before thee, to keep thee in the way, and to bring thee into the place which I have prepared.
• Gen 12:7 : 7 And the LORD appeared unto Abram, and said, Unto thy seed will I give this land: and there builded he an altar unto the LORD, who appeared unto him.
• Judg 13:3 : 3 And the angel of the LORD appeared unto the woman, and said unto her, Behold now, thou art barren, and bearest not: but thou shalt conceive, and bear a son.
• Judg 2:5 : 5 And they called the name of that place Bochim: and they sacrificed there unto the LORD.
• Judg 6:11-12 : 11 And there came an angel of the LORD, and sat under an oak which was in Ophrah, that pertained unto Joash the Abi-ezrite: and his son Gideon threshed wheat by the winepress, to hide it from the Midianites. 12 And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him, and said unto him, The LORD is with thee, thou mighty man of valour.
• Acts 7:30-33 : 30 And when forty years were expired, there appeared to him in the wilderness of mount Sina an angel of the Lord in a flame of fire in a bush. 31 When Moses saw it, he wondered at the sight: and as he drew near to behold it, the voice of the Lord came unto him, 32 Saying, I am the God of thy fathers, the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Job. Then Moses trembled, and durst not behold. 33 Then said the Lord to him, Put off thy shoes from thy feet: for the ple where thou standest is holy ground.
• Ps 78:51-53 : 51 And smote all the firstborn in Egypt; the chief of their strength in the tabernacles of Ham: 52 But made his own people to go forth like sheep, and guided them in the wilderness like a flock. 53 And he led them on safely, so that they feared not: but the sea overwhelmed their enemies.
• Ps 89:34 : 34 My covenant will I not break, nor alter the thing that is gone out of my li.
• Ps 105:36-38 : 36 He smote also all the firstborn in their land, the chief of all their strength. 37 He brought them forth also with silver and gold: and there was not one feeble person among their tribes. 38 Egypt was glad when they departed: for the fear of them fell upon them.
• Ps 105:44-45 : 44 And gave them the lands of the heathen: and they inherited the labour of the people; 45 That they might observe his statutes, and keep his laws. Praise ye the LORD.
• Isa 63:9 : 9 In all their affliction he was afflicted, and the angel of his presence saved them: in his love and in his pity he redeemed them; and he bare them, and carried them all the days of old.
• Jer 14:21 : 21 Do not abhor us, for thy name's sake, do not disgrace the throne of thy glory: remember, break not thy covenant with us.
• Jer 33:20-21 : 20 Thus saith the LORD; If ye can break my covenant of the day, and my covenant of the night, and that there should not be day and night in their season; 21 Then may also my covenant be broken with David my servant, that he should not have a son to reign upon his throne; and with the Levites the priests, my ministers.
• Hos 12:3-5 : 3 He took his brother by the heel in the womb, and by his strength he had power with God: 4 Yea, he had power over the angel, and prevailed: he wept, and made supplication unto him: he found him in Beth-el, and there he spake with us; 5 Even the LORD God of sts; the LORD is his memorial.
• Zech 3:1-2 : 1 And he shewed me Joshua the high priest standing before the angel of the LORD, and Satan standing at his right hand to resist him. 2 And the LORD said unto Satan, The LORD rebuke thee, O Satan; even the LORD that hath chosen Jerusalem rebuke thee: is not this a brand plucked out of the fire?
• Zech 11:10 : 10 And I took my staff, even Beauty, and cut it asunder, that I might break my covenant which I had made with all the people.
• Gen 16:7-9 : 7 And the anl of the LORD found her by a fountain of water in the wilderness, by the fountain in the way to Shur. 8 And he said, Hagar, Sarai's maid, whence camest thou? and whither wilt thou go? And she said, I flee from the face of my mistress Sarai. 9 And the anl of the LORD said unto her, Return to thy mistress, and submit thyself under her hands. 10 And the anl of the LORD said unto her, I will multiply thy seed exceedingly, that it shall not be numbered for multitude.
• Gen 16:13 : 13 And she called the name of the LORD that spake unto her, Thou God seest me: for she said, Have I also here looked after him that seeth me?
• Exod 33:14 : 14 And he said, My presence shall go with thee, and I will give thee rest.
• Lev 26:44 : 44 And yet for all that, when they be in the land of their enemies, I will not cast them away, neither will I abhor them, to destroy them utterly, and to break my covenant with them: for I am the LORD their God.
• Num 14:34 : 34 After the mber of the days in which ye searched the land, even forty days, each day for a year, shall ye bear your iniquities, even forty years, and ye shall know my breach of promise.
• Deut 4:34 : 34 Or hath God assayed to go and take him a nation from the midst of another nation, by temptations, by signs, and by wonrs, and by war, and by a mighty hand, and by a stretched out arm, and by great terrors, according to all that the LORD your God did for you in Egypt before your eyes?
• Deut 7:9 : 9 Know therefore that the LORD thy God, he is God, the faithful God, which keepeth covenant and mercy with them that love him and keep his commandments to a thousand generations;
• Josh 3:10 : 10 And hua said, Hereby ye shall know that the living God is among you, and that he will without fail drive out from before you the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Hivites, and the Perizzites, and the Girgashites, and the Amorites, and the Jebusites.
• Josh 5:13-14 : 13 And it came to pass, when hua was by Jericho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, behold, there stood a man over against him with his sword drawn in his hand: and hua went unto him, and said unto him, Art thou for us, or for our adversaries? 14 And he said, Nay; but as captain of the host of the LORD am I now come. And hua fell on his face to the earth, and did worship, and said unto him, What saith my lord unto his servant?
• Gen 22:11-12 : 11 And the anl of the LORD called unto him out of heaven, and said, Abraham, Abraham: and he said, Here am I. 12 And he said, Lay not thine hand upon the lad, neither do thou any thing unto him: for now I know that thou fearest God, seeing thou hast not withheld thy son, thine only son from me.
• Gen 22:16-17 : 16 And said, By myself have I sworn, saith the LORD, for because thou hast done this thing, and hast not withheld thy son, thine only son: 17 That in blessing I will bless thee, and in multiplying I will multiply thy seed as the stars of the heaven, and as the sand which is upon the sea shore; and thy seed shall possess the gate of his enemies;
• Gen 26:3-4 : 3 Sojourn in this land, and I will be with thee, and will bless thee; for unto thee, and unto thy seed, I will give all these countries, and I will perform the oath which I sware unto Abraham thy father; 4 And I will make thy seed to multiply as the stars of heaven, and will give unto thy seed all these countries; and in thy seed shall all the nations of the earth be blessed;
• Gen 48:16 : 16 The Anl which redeemed me from all evil, bless the lads; and let my name be named on them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac; and let them grow into a multitude in the midst of the earth.
• Exod 3:2-8 : 2 And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush: and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed. 3 And Moses said, I will now turn aside, and see this great sight, why the bush is not burnt. 4 And when the LORD saw that he turned aside to see, God called unto him out of the midst of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses. And he said, Here am I. 5 And he said, Draw not nigh hither: put off thy shoes from off thy feet, for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground. 6 Moreover he said, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. And Moses hid his face; for he was afraid to look upon God. 7 And the LORD said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people which are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their sorrows; 8 And I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the place of the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites.
• Exod 14:14 : 14 The LORD shall fight for you, and ye shall hold your peace.
• Exod 14:19 : 19 And the angel of God, which went before the camp of Israel, removed and went behind them; and the pillar of the cloud went from before their face, and stood behind them:
• Mal 3:1 : 1 Behold, I will send my messenger, and he shall prepare the way before me: and the Lord, whom ye seek, shall suddenly come to his temple, even the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in: behold, he shall come, saith the LORD of hosts.