Judges 1:19

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

The LORD was with the men of Judah. They conquered the hill country, but they could not conquer the people living in the coastal plain, because they had chariots with iron-rimmed wheels.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְהִ֤י יְהוָה֙ אֶתּ־יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיֹּ֖רֶשׁ אֶת־הָהָ֑ר כִּ֣י לֹ֤א לְהוֹרִישׁ֙ אֶת־יֹשְׁבֵ֣י הָעֵ֔מֶק כִּי־רֶ֥כֶב בַּרְזֶ֖ל לָהֶֽם׃

Transliteration

And yəhî YHWH with yəhûdāh and yōreš the hāhār because not ləhôrîš the yōšəbê the hāʿēmeq because rekeb barzel to them.

Grammar Details

• *yəhî*: qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he was
• *YHWH*: proper noun, Yahweh/LORD
• *yəhûdāh*: proper noun, Judah
• *yōreš*: hiphil imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he took possession of/drove out
• *hāhār*: common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the mountain/hill country
• *ləhôrîš*: hiphil infinitive construct with preposition - to drive out/dispossess
• *yōšəbê*: qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of
• *hāʿēmeq*: common noun, masculine singular with definite article - the valley/plain
• *rekeb*: common noun, masculine singular - chariot(s)
• *barzel*: common noun, masculine singular - iron

Word Meanings

• *yəhî*: was/became with (indicating divine presence/help)
• *yōreš*: dispossessed/drove out/took possession of
• *hāhār*: hill country/mountain region
• *ləhôrîš*: to dispossess/drive out/take possession from
• *hāʿēmeq*: valley/lowland/plain
• *rekeb* *barzel*: iron chariots (military equipment)

Referenced Verses

• Judg 1:2 : 2 The LORD said,“The men of Judah should take the lead. Be sure of this! I am handing the land over to them.”
• Judg 1:27-32 : 27 The men of Manasseh did not conquer Beth Shean, Taanach, or their surrounding towns. Nor did they conquer the people living in Dor, Ibleam, Megiddo or their surrounding towns. The Canaanites managed to remain in those areas. 28 Whenever Israel was strong militarily, they forced the Canaanites to do hard labor, but they never totally conquered them. 29 The men of Ephraim did not conquer the Canaanites living in Gezer. The Canaanites lived among them in Gezer. 30 The men of Zebulun did not conquer the people living in Kitron and Nahalol. The Canaanites lived among them and were forced to do hard labor. 31 The men of Asher did not conquer the people living in Acco or Sidon, nor did they conquer Ahlab, Achzib, Helbah, Aphek, or Rehob. 32 The people of Asher live among the Canaanites residing in the land because they did not conquer them.
• Judg 6:12-13 : 12 The LORD’s angel appeared and said to him,“The LORD is with you, courageous warrior!” 13 Gideon said to him,“Pardon me, but if the LORD is with us, why has such disaster overtaken us? Where are all his miraculous deeds our ancestors told us about? They said,‘Did the LORD not bring us up from Egypt?’ But now the LORD has abandoned us and handed us over to Midian.”
• 2 Sam 5:10 : 10 David’s power grew steadily, for the LORD God of Heaven’s Armies was with him.
• 2 Kgs 18:7 : 7 The LORD was with him; he succeeded in all his endeavors. He rebelled against the king of Assyria and refused to submit to him.
• Ps 46:7 : 7 The LORD of Heaven’s Armies is on our side! The God of Jacob is our protector!(Selah)
• Ps 46:9 : 9 He brings an end to wars throughout the earth; he shatters the bow and breaks the spear; he burns the shields with fire.
• Ps 46:11 : 11 The LORD of Heaven’s Armies is on our side! The God of Jacob is our protector!(Selah)
• Ps 60:12 : 12 By God’s power we will conquer; he will trample down our enemies.
• Eccl 9:11 : 11 Wisdom Cannot Protect against Seemingly Chance Events Again, I observed this on the earth: the race is not always won by the swiftest, the battle is not always won by the strongest; prosperity does not always belong to those who are the wisest, wealth does not always belong to those who are the most discerning, nor does success always come to those with the most knowledge– for time and chance may overcome them all.
• Isa 7:14 : 14 For this reason the Lord himself will give you a confirming sign. Look, this young woman is about to conceive and will give birth to a son. You, young woman, will name him Immanuel.
• Isa 8:10 : 10 Devise your strategy, but it will be thwarted! Issue your orders, but they will not be executed! For God is with us!
• Isa 41:10 : 10 Don’t be afraid, for I am with you! Don’t be frightened, for I am your God! I strengthen you– yes, I help you– yes, I uphold you with my saving right hand!
• Isa 41:14-15 : 14 Don’t be afraid, despised insignificant Jacob, men of Israel. I am helping you,” says the LORD, your protector, the Holy One of Israel. 15 “Look, I am making you like a sharp threshing sledge, new and double-edged. You will thresh the mountains and crush them; you will make the hills like straw.
• Matt 1:23 : 23 “Look! The virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and they will name him Emmanuel,” which means“God with us.”
• Matt 14:30-31 : 30 But when he saw the strong wind he became afraid. And starting to sink, he cried out,“Lord, save me!” 31 Immediately Jesus reached out his hand and caught him, saying to him,“You of little faith, why did you doubt?”
• Matt 17:19-20 : 19 Then the disciples came to Jesus privately and said,“Why couldn’t we cast it out?” 20 He told them,“It was because of your little faith. I tell you the truth, if you have faith the size of a mustard seed, you will say to this mountain,‘Move from here to there,’ and it will move; nothing will be impossible for you.”
• Rom 8:31 : 31 What then shall we say about these things? If God is for us, who can be against us?
• Phil 4:13 : 13 I am able to do all things through the one who strengthens me.
• Gen 39:2 : 2 The LORD was with Joseph. He was successful and lived in the household of his Egyptian master.
• Gen 39:21 : 21 But the LORD was with Joseph and showed him kindness. He granted him favor in the sight of the prison warden.
• Exod 14:7-9 : 7 He took six hundred select chariots, and all the rest of the chariots of Egypt, and officers on all of them. 8 But the LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he chased after the Israelites. Now the Israelites were going out defiantly. 9 The Egyptians chased after them, and all the horses and chariots of Pharaoh and his horsemen and his army overtook them camping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, before Baal Zephon. 10 When Pharaoh got closer, the Israelites looked up, and there were the Egyptians marching after them, and they were terrified. The Israelites cried out to the LORD, 11 and they said to Moses,“Is it because there are no graves in Egypt that you have taken us away to die in the desert? What in the world have you done to us by bringing us out of Egypt? 12 Isn’t this what we told you in Egypt,‘Leave us alone so that we can serve the Egyptians, because it is better for us to serve the Egyptians than to die in the desert!’” 13 Moses said to the people,“Do not fear! Stand firm and see the salvation of the LORD that he will provide for you today; for the Egyptians that you see today you will never, ever see again. 14 The LORD will fight for you, and you can be still.” 15 The LORD said to Moses,“Why do you cry out to me? Tell the Israelites to move on. 16 And as for you, lift up your staff and extend your hand toward the sea and divide it, so that the Israelites may go through the middle of the sea on dry ground. 17 And as for me, I am going to harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they will come after them, that I may be honored because of Pharaoh and his army and his chariots and his horsemen. 18 And the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD when I have gained my honor because of Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen.” 19 The angel of God, who was going before the camp of Israel, moved and went behind them, and the pillar of cloud moved from before them and stood behind them. 20 It came between the Egyptian camp and the Israelite camp; it was a dark cloud and it lit up the night so that one camp did not come near the other the whole night. 21 Moses stretched out his hand toward the sea, and the LORD drove the sea apart by a strong east wind all that night, and he made the sea into dry land, and the water was divided. 22 So the Israelites went through the middle of the sea on dry ground, the water forming a wall for them on their right and on their left. 23 The Egyptians chased them and followed them into the middle of the sea– all the horses of Pharaoh, his chariots, and his horsemen. 24 In the morning watch the LORD looked down on the Egyptian army through the pillar of fire and cloud, and he threw the Egyptian army into a panic. 25 He jammed the wheels of their chariots so that they had difficulty driving, and the Egyptians said,“Let’s flee from Israel, for the LORD fights for them against Egypt!” 26 The LORD said to Moses,“Extend your hand toward the sea, so that the waters may flow back on the Egyptians, on their chariots, and on their horsemen!” 27 So Moses extended his hand toward the sea, and the sea returned to its normal state when the sun began to rise. Now the Egyptians were fleeing before it, but the LORD overthrew the Egyptians in the middle of the sea. 28 The water returned and covered the chariots and the horsemen and all the army of Pharaoh that was coming after the Israelites into the sea– not so much as one of them survived! 29 But the Israelites walked on dry ground in the middle of the sea, the water forming a wall for them on their right and on their left. 30 So the LORD saved Israel on that day from the power of the Egyptians, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the shore of the sea. 31 When Israel saw the great power that the LORD had exercised over the Egyptians, they feared the LORD, and they believed in the LORD and in his servant Moses.
• Josh 1:5 : 5 No one will be able to resist you all the days of your life. As I was with Moses, so I will be with you. I will not abandon you or leave you alone.
• Josh 1:9 : 9 I repeat, be strong and brave! Don’t be afraid and don’t panic, for I, the LORD your God, am with you in all you do.”
• Josh 7:12 : 12 The Israelites are unable to stand before their enemies; they retreat because they have become subject to annihilation. I will no longer be with you, unless you destroy what has contaminated you.
• Josh 11:1-9 : 1 Israel Defeats a Northern Coalition When King Jabin of Hazor heard the news, he organized a coalition, including King Jobab of Madon, the king of Shimron, the king of Acshaph, 2 and the northern kings who ruled in the hill country, the rift valley south of Kinnereth, the foothills, and the heights of Dor to the west. 3 Canaanites came from the east and west; Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites from the hill country; and Hivites from below Hermon in the area of Mizpah. 4 These kings came out with their armies; they were as numerous as the sand on the seashore and had a large number of horses and chariots. 5 All these kings gathered and joined forces at the Waters of Merom to fight Israel. 6 The LORD told Joshua,“Don’t be afraid of them, for about this time tomorrow I will cause all of them to lie dead before Israel. You must hamstring their horses and burn their chariots.” 7 Joshua and his whole army caught them by surprise at the Waters of Merom and attacked them. 8 The LORD handed them over to Israel and they struck them down and chased them all the way to Greater Sidon, Misrephoth Maim, and the Mizpah Valley to the east. They struck them down until no survivors remained. 9 Joshua did to them as the LORD had commanded him; he hamstrung their horses and burned their chariots.
• Josh 14:12 : 12 Now, assign me this hill country which the LORD promised me at that time! No doubt you heard at that time that the Anakites live there in large, fortified cities. But, assuming the LORD is with me, I will conquer them, as the LORD promised.”
• Josh 17:16-18 : 16 The descendants of Joseph said,“The whole hill country is inadequate for us, and the Canaanites living down in the valley in Beth Shean and its surrounding towns and in the Valley of Jezreel have chariots with iron-rimmed wheels.” 17 Joshua said to the family of Joseph– to both Ephraim and Manasseh:“You have many people and great military strength. You will not have just one tribal allotment. 18 The whole hill country will be yours; though it is a forest, you can clear it and it will be entirely yours. You can conquer the Canaanites, though they have chariots with iron-rimmed wheels and are strong.”