Jude 1:12

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

These are in your love-feasts craggy rocks; feasting together with you, without fear shepherding themselves; clouds without water, by winds carried about; trees autumnal, without fruit, twice dead, rooted up;

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Οὗτοί εἰσιν ἐν ταῖς ἀγάπαις ὑμῶν σπιλάδες, συνευωχούμενοι ὑμῖν, ἀφόβως ἑαυτοὺς ποιμαίνοντες: νεφέλαι ἄνυδροι, ὑπὸ ἀνέμων περιφερόμεναι· δένδρα φθινοπωρινὰ, ἄκαρπα, δὶς ἀποθανόντα, ἐκριζωθέντα·

Transliteration

Houtoi eisin en tais agapais hymōn spilades, syneuōchoumenoi hymin, aphobōs heautous poimainontes: nephelai anydroi, hypo anemōn peripheromenai; dendra phthinopōrina, akarpa, dis apothanonta, ekrizōthenta;

Grammar Details

• *Houtoi eisin*: demonstrative pronoun with present active indicative, 3rd person plural - these are
• *en tais agapais hymōn*: prepositional phrase with dative - in your love feasts
• *spilades*: nominative, feminine, plural - hidden reefs/spots
• *syneuōchoumenoi*: present middle participle, nominative, masculine, plural - feasting with
• *hymin*: personal pronoun, dative, plural - with you
• *aphobōs*: adverb - fearlessly
• *heautous poimainontes*: reflexive pronoun with present active participle - shepherding themselves
• *nephelai anydroi*: nominative, feminine, plural - waterless clouds
• *hypo anemōn peripheromenai*: prepositional phrase with present passive participle - carried about by winds
• *dendra phthinopōrina*: nominative, neuter, plural - autumn trees
• *akarpa*: nominative, neuter, plural - fruitless
• *dis apothanonta*: adverb with aorist active participle - twice dead
• *ekrizōthenta*: aorist passive participle, nominative, neuter, plural - uprooted

Word Meanings

• *agapais*: love feasts/feasts
• *spilades*: hidden reefs/spots/blemishes
• *syneuōchoumenoi*: feasting with/dining together
• *aphobōs*: fearlessly/shamelessly
• *poimainontes*: shepherding/tending/feeding
• *nephelai*: clouds/cloudy masses
• *anydroi*: waterless/without water
• *peripheromenai*: carried about/swept along
• *dendra*: trees/large plants
• *phthinopōrina*: autumn/late autumn/withering
• *akarpa*: fruitless/unfruitful/barren
• *apothanonta*: dead/having died
• *ekrizōthenta*: uprooted/pulled up by the roots

Referenced Verses

• Matt 15:13 : 13 And he answering said, `Every plant that my heavenly Father did not plant shall be rooted up;
• Prov 25:14 : 14 Clouds and wind, and rain there is none, `Is' a man boasting himself in a false gift.
• Ezek 34:8 : 8 I live -- an affirmation of the Lord Jehovah, If not, because of My flock being for a prey, Yea, My flock is for food to every beast of the field, Because there is no shepherd, And My shepherds have not sought My flock, And the shepherds do feed themselves, And My flock they have not fed.
• Eph 4:14 : 14 that we may no more be babes, tossed and borne about by every wind of the teaching, in the sleight of men, in craftiness, unto the artifice of leading astray,
• Phil 3:19 : 19 whose end `is' destruction, whose god `is' the belly, and whose glory `is' in their shame, who the things on earth are minding.
• 2 Pet 2:17-20 : 17 These are wells without water, and clouds by a tempest driven, to whom the thick gloom of the darkness to the age hath been kept; 18 for overswellings of vanity speaking, they do entice in desires of the flesh -- lasciviousnesses, those who had truly escaped from those conducting themselves in error, 19 liberty to them promising, themselves being servants of the corruption, for by whom any one hath been overcome, to this one also he hath been brought to servitude, 20 for, if having escaped from the pollutions of the world, in the acknowledging of the Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, and by these again being entangled, they have been overcome, become to them hath the last things worse than the first,
• 1 Thess 5:6-7 : 6 so, then, we may not sleep as also the others, but watch and be sober, 7 for those sleeping, by night do sleep, and those making themselves drunk, by night are drunken,
• 1 Tim 5:6 : 6 and she who is given to luxury, living -- hath died;
• Heb 6:4-8 : 4 for `it is' impossible for those once enlightened, having tasted also of the heavenly gift, and partakers having became of the Holy Spirit, 5 and did taste the good saying of God, the powers also of the coming age, 6 and having fallen away, again to renew `them' to reformation, having crucified again to themselves the Son of God, and exposed to public shame. 7 For earth, that is drinking in the rain many times coming upon it, and is bringing forth herbs fit for those because of whom also it is dressed, doth partake of blessing from God, 8 and that which is bearing thorns and briers `is' disapproved of, and nigh to cursing, whose end `is' for burning;
• Jas 5:5 : 5 ye did live in luxury upon the earth, and were wanton; ye did nourish your hearts, as in a day of slaughter;
• 2 Pet 2:13-14 : 13 about to receive a reward of unrighteousness, pleasures counting the luxury in the day, spots and blemishes, luxuriating in their deceits, feasting with you, 14 having eyes full of adultery, and unable to cease from sin, enticing unstable souls, having an heart exercised in covetousnesses, children of a curse,
• Ezek 34:10 : 10 Thus said the Lord Jehovah: Lo, I `am' against the shepherds, And have required My flock from their hand, And caused them to cease from feeding the flock, And no more do the shepherds feed themselves, And I have delivered My flock from their mouth, And they are not to them for food.
• Ezek 34:18 : 18 Is it a little thing for you -- the good pasture ye enjoy, And the remnant of your pasture ye tread down with your feet, And a depth of waters ye do drink, And the remainder with your feet ye trample,
• Hos 6:4 : 4 What do I do to thee, O Ephraim? What do I do to thee, O Judah? Your goodness `is' as a cloud of the morning, And as dew rising early -- going.
• Matt 13:6 : 6 and the sun having risen they were scorched, and through not having root, they withered,
• Isa 56:10-12 : 10 Blind `are' his watchmen -- all of them, They have not known, All of them `are' dumb dogs, they are not able to bark, Dozing, lying down, loving to slumber. 11 And the dogs `are' strong of desire, They have not known sufficiency, And they `are' shepherds! They have not known understanding, All of them to their own way they did turn, Each to his dishonest gain from his quarter: 12 `Come ye, I take wine, And we drink, quaff strong drink, And as this day hath been to-morrow, Great -- exceeding abundant!'
• Ezek 17:9 : 9 Say: Thus said the Lord Jehovah: It prospereth -- its roots doth he not draw out, And its fruit cut off, and it is withered? `In' all the leaves of its springing it withereth, And not by great strength, and by a numerous people, To lift it up by its roots.
• Ezek 34:2 : 2 `Son of man, prophesy concerning shepherds of Israel, prophesy, and thou hast said unto them: To the shepherds, thus said the Lord Jehovah: Wo `to' the shepherds of Israel, Who have been feeding themselves! The flock do not the shepherds feed?
• 2 Chr 7:20 : 20 and this house that I have sanctified for My name, I cast from before My face, and make it for a proverb, and for a byword, among all the peoples.
• Ps 1:3 : 3 And he hath been as a tree, Planted by rivulets of water, That giveth its fruit in its season, And its leaf doth not wither, And all that he doth he causeth to prosper.
• Ps 37:2 : 2 For as grass speedily they are cut off, And as the greenness of the tender grass do fade.
• Ps 78:29-31 : 29 And they eat, and are greatly satisfied, And their desire He bringeth to them. 30 They have not been estranged from their desire, Yet `is' their food in their mouth, 31 And the anger of God hath gone up against them, And He slayeth among their fat ones, And youths of Israel He caused to bend.
• Matt 21:19-20 : 19 and having seen a certain fig-tree on the way, he came to it, and found nothing in it except leaves only, and he saith to it, `No more from thee may fruit be -- to the age;' and forthwith the fig-tree withered. 20 And the disciples having seen, did wonder, saying, `How did the fig-tree forthwith wither?'
• Mark 4:6 : 6 and the sun having risen, it was scorched, and because of not having root it did wither;
• Mark 11:20-21 : 20 And in the morning, passing by, they saw the fig-tree having been dried up from the roots, 21 and Peter having remembered saith to him, `Rabbi, lo, the fig-tree that thou didst curse is dried up.'
• Luke 8:6 : 6 `And other fell upon the rock, and having sprung up, it did wither, through not having moisture.
• Luke 12:19-20 : 19 and I will say to my soul, Soul, thou hast many good things laid up for many years, be resting, eat, drink, be merry. 20 `And God said to him, Unthinking one! this night thy soul they shall require from thee, and what things thou didst prepare -- to whom shall they be?
• Luke 12:45 : 45 `And if that servant may say in his heart, My lord doth delay to come, and may begin to beat the men-servants and the maid-servants, to eat also, and to drink, and to be drunken;
• Luke 16:19 : 19 `And -- a certain man was rich, and was clothed in purple and fine linen, making merry sumptuously every day,
• Luke 21:34 : 34 `And take heed to yourselves, lest your hearts may be weighed down with surfeiting, and drunkenness, and anxieties of life, and suddenly that day may come on you,
• John 15:4-6 : 4 remain in me, and I in you, as the branch is not able to bear fruit of itself, if it may not remain in the vine, so neither ye, if ye may not remain in me. 5 `I am the vine, ye the branches; he who is remaining in me, and I in him, this one doth bear much fruit, because apart from me ye are not able to do anything; 6 if any one may not remain in me, he was cast forth without as the branch, and was withered, and they gather them, and cast to fire, and they are burned;
• 1 Cor 11:20-22 : 20 ye, then, coming together at the same place -- it is not to eat the Lord's supper; 21 for each his own supper doth take before in the eating, and one is hungry, and another is drunk; 22 why, have ye not houses to eat and to drink in? or the assembly of God do ye despise, and shame those not having? what may I say to you? shall I praise you in this? I do not praise!