{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.20.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֡י לְעֵת֩ תְּשׁוּבַ֨ת הַשָּׁנָ֜ה לְעֵ֣ת ׀ צֵ֣את הַמְּלָכִ֗ים וַיִּנְהַ֣ג יוֹאָב֩ אֶת־חֵ֨יל הַצָּבָ֜א וַיַּשְׁחֵ֣ת ׀ אֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ בְּנֵֽי־עַמּ֗וֹן וַיָּבֹא֙ וַיָּ֣צַר אֶת־רַבָּ֔ה וְדָוִ֖יד יֹשֵׁ֣ב בִּירֽוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וַיַּ֥ךְ יוֹאָ֛ב אֶת־רַבָּ֖ה וַיֶּֽהֶרְסֶֽהָ׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* at *ʿēt* *təšûbat* the *šānâ* at *ʿēt* *ṣēʾt* the *məlākîm*, and *wayinhag* *yôʾāb* *ʾet*-*ḥêl* the *ṣābāʾ* and *wayyašḥēt* *ʾet*-*ʾereṣ* *bənê*-*ʿammôn* and *wayyāḇōʾ* and *wayyāṣar* *ʾet*-*rabbâ*, and *dāwîd* *yōšēḇ* in-*yərûšālāim*. And *wayyak* *yôʾāb* *ʾet*-*rabbâ* and *wayyehersehā*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass/happened", "*ʿēt*": "feminine singular construct - time of", "*təšûbat*": "construct noun, feminine singular - return of", "*šānâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the year", "*ṣēʾt*": "infinitive construct - going out of", "*məlākîm*": "masculine plural with definite article - the kings", "*wayinhag*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he led", "*yôʾāb*": "proper noun - Joab", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ḥêl*": "construct noun, masculine singular - force/army of", "*ṣābāʾ*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the host/army", "*wayyašḥēt*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he destroyed/ravaged", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land of", "*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons of", "*ʿammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon", "*wayyāḇōʾ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he came", "*wayyāṣar*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he besieged", "*rabbâ*": "proper noun - Rabbah", "*dāwîd*": "proper noun - David", "*yōšēḇ*": "participle, masculine singular - sitting/dwelling", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem", "*wayyak*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he struck/defeated", "*wayyehersehā*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he destroyed it" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/came to pass/was", "*təšûbat*": "return/turning of", "*šānâ*": "year/annual cycle", "*ṣēʾt*": "going out/marching out/expedition", "*məlākîm*": "kings/rulers", "*wayinhag*": "and he led/directed/drove", "*wayyašḥēt*": "and he destroyed/ravaged/ruined", "*wayyāṣar*": "and he besieged/encircled/pressed", "*yōšēḇ*": "sitting/dwelling/remaining/staying", "*wayyak*": "and he struck/defeated/attacked", "*wayyehersehā*": "and he destroyed/overthrew/demolished it" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.20.2", "source": "וַיִּקַּ֣ח דָּוִ֣יד אֶת־עֲטֶֽרֶת־מַלְכָּם֩ מֵעַ֨ל רֹאשׁ֜וֹ וַֽיִּמְצָאָ֣הּ ׀ מִשְׁקַ֣ל כִּכַּר־זָהָ֗ב וּבָהּ֙ אֶ֣בֶן יְקָרָ֔ה וַתְּהִ֖י עַל־רֹ֣אשׁ דָּוִ֑יד וּשְׁלַ֥ל הָעִ֛יר הוֹצִ֖יא הַרְבֵּ֥ה מְאֹֽד׃", "text": "And *wayyiqqaḥ* *dāwîd* *ʾet*-*ʿaṭeret*-*malkām* from-upon *rōʾšô* and *wayyimṣāʾāh* *mišqal* *kikkar*-*zāhāḇ* and-in-her *ʾeḇen* *yəqārâ*, and *wattəhî* upon-*rōʾš* *dāwîd*. And-*šəlal* the-*ʿîr* *hôṣîʾ* *harbē* *məʾōd*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqaḥ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he took", "*dāwîd*": "proper noun - David", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿaṭeret*": "construct noun, feminine singular - crown of", "*malkām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their king/Malcam", "*rōʾšô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his head", "*wayyimṣāʾāh*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he found it", "*mišqal*": "construct noun, masculine singular - weight of", "*kikkar*": "construct noun, masculine singular - talent of", "*zāhāḇ*": "noun, masculine singular - gold", "*ʾeḇen*": "noun, feminine singular - stone", "*yəqārâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - precious", "*wattəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and it was", "*rōʾš*": "noun, masculine singular - head of", "*šəlal*": "construct noun, masculine singular - spoil/plunder of", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the city", "*hôṣîʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he brought out", "*harbē*": "adverb - much/greatly", "*məʾōd*": "adverb - very/exceedingly" }, "variants": { "*malkām*": "their king/Malcam (name of Ammonite deity)", "*wayyimṣāʾāh*": "and he found it/discovered its [weight]", "*kikkar*": "talent/round weight (measure)", "*yəqārâ*": "precious/costly/valuable", "*šəlal*": "spoil/plunder/booty", "*hôṣîʾ*": "he brought out/carried out/removed" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.20.3", "source": "וְאֶת־הָעָ֨ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֜הּ הוֹצִ֗יא וַיָּ֨שַׂר בַּמְּגֵרָ֜ה וּבַחֲרִיצֵ֤י הַבַּרְזֶל֙ וּבַמְּגֵר֔וֹת וְכֵן֙ יַעֲשֶׂ֣ה דָוִ֔יד לְכֹ֖ל עָרֵ֣י בְנֵי־עַמּ֑וֹן וַיָּ֧שָׁב דָּוִ֛יד וְכָל־הָעָ֖ם יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃ פ", "text": "And *ʾet*-the-*ʿām* *ʾăšer*-in-her *hôṣîʾ* and *wayyāśar* with-the-*məgērâ* and-with-*ḥărîṣê* the-*barzel* and-with-the-*məgērôt*, and-thus *yaʿăśeh* *dāwîd* to-all *ʿārê* *bənê*-*ʿammôn*. And *wayyāšāḇ* *dāwîd* and-all-the-*ʿām* *yərûšālāim*.", "grammar": { "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which", "*hôṣîʾ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he brought out", "*wayyāśar*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he cut/sawed", "*məgērâ*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the saw", "*ḥărîṣê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - implements/sharp tools of", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the iron", "*məgērôt*": "noun, feminine plural with definite article - the saws", "*yaʿăśeh*": "imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he did/would do", "*dāwîd*": "proper noun - David", "*ʿārê*": "construct noun, feminine plural - cities of", "*bənê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - sons of", "*ʿammôn*": "proper noun - Ammon", "*wayyāšāḇ*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he returned", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people", "*yərûšālāim*": "proper noun - Jerusalem" }, "variants": { "*hôṣîʾ*": "he brought out/removed/expelled", "*wayyāśar*": "and he cut/put to work with/made labor with/sawed", "*məgērâ*": "saw/cutting implement", "*ḥărîṣê*": "sharp instruments/harrows/threshing implements of", "*məgērôt*": "saws/cutting implements", "*yaʿăśeh*": "he did/would do/made", "*wayyāšāḇ*": "and he returned/came back/restored" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.20.4", "source": "וַיְהִי֙ אַחֲרֵי‪[c]‬כֵ֔ן וַתַּעֲמֹ֧ד מִלְחָמָ֛ה בְּגֶ֖זֶר עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים אָ֣ז הִכָּ֞ה סִבְּכַ֣י הַחֻֽשָׁתִ֗י אֶת־סִפַּ֛י מִילִדֵ֥י הָרְפָאִ֖ים וַיִּכָּנֵֽעוּ׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* after-thus, and *wattaʿămōd* *milḥāmâ* in-*gezer* with-*pəlištîm*. Then *hikkâ* *sibbəkay* the-*ḥušātî* *ʾet*-*sippay* from-*yəlîdê* the-*rəp̄āʾîm*, and *wayyikkānēʿû*.", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it happened/came to pass", "*wattaʿămōd*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and stood/arose", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle", "*gezer*": "proper noun - Gezer", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*hikkâ*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he struck/smote", "*sibbəkay*": "proper noun - Sibbecai", "*ḥušātî*": "gentilic adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the Hushathite", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*sippay*": "proper noun - Sippai", "*yəlîdê*": "construct noun, masculine plural - descendants/children of", "*rəp̄āʾîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural with definite article - the Rephaim", "*wayyikkānēʿû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural, niphal - and they were subdued" }, "variants": { "*wattaʿămōd*": "and arose/stood/continued/broke out", "*milḥāmâ*": "war/battle/conflict", "*hikkâ*": "he struck/killed/defeated", "*yəlîdê*": "descendants/children/offspring of", "*rəp̄āʾîm*": "Rephaim/giants", "*wayyikkānēʿû*": "and they were subdued/humbled/brought down" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.20.5", "source": "וַתְּהִי־ע֥וֹד מִלְחָמָ֖ה אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּ֞ךְ אֶלְחָנָ֣ן בֶּן־*יעור **יָעִ֗יר אֶת־לַחְמִי֙ אֲחִי֙ גָּלְיָ֣ת הַגִּתִּ֔י וְעֵ֣ץ חֲנִית֔וֹ כִּמְנ֖וֹר אֹרְגִֽים׃", "text": "And *wattəhî*-again *milḥāmâ* *ʾet*-*pəlištîm*, and *wayyak* *ʾelḥānān* *ben*-*yāʿîr* *ʾet*-*laḥmî* *ʾăḥî* *golyāt* the-*gittî*, and-*ʿēṣ* *ḥănîtô* like-*mənôr* *ʾōrəgîm*.", "grammar": { "*wattəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and there was", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle", "*ʾet*": "preposition - with", "*pəlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines", "*wayyak*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he struck", "*ʾelḥānān*": "proper noun - Elhanan", "*ben*": "construct noun, masculine singular - son of", "*yāʿîr*": "proper noun - Jair", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*laḥmî*": "proper noun - Lahmi", "*ʾăḥî*": "construct noun, masculine singular - brother of", "*golyāt*": "proper noun - Goliath", "*gittî*": "gentilic adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the Gittite", "*ʿēṣ*": "construct noun, masculine singular - wood/shaft of", "*ḥănîtô*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his spear", "*mənôr*": "construct noun, masculine singular - beam of", "*ʾōrəgîm*": "participle, masculine plural - weavers" }, "variants": { "*wattəhî*": "and there was/happened", "*milḥāmâ*": "war/battle/conflict", "*wayyak*": "and he struck/killed/defeated", "*ʾăḥî*": "brother of/kinsman of", "*ʿēṣ*": "wood/shaft/pole of", "*ḥănîtô*": "his spear/lance/javelin", "*mənôr*": "beam/rod/shaft of", "*ʾōrəgîm*": "weavers/those who weave" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.20.6", "source": "וַתְּהִי־ע֥וֹד מִלְחָמָ֖ה בְּגַ֑ת וַיְהִ֣י ׀ אִ֣ישׁ מִדָּ֗ה וְאֶצְבְּעֹתָ֤יו שֵׁשׁ־וָשֵׁשׁ֙ עֶשְׂרִ֣ים וְאַרְבַּ֔ע וְגַם־ה֖וּא נוֹלַ֥ד לְהָרָפָֽא׃", "text": "And *wattəhî*-again *milḥāmâ* in-*gat*, and *wayəhî* *ʾîš* *middâ*, and-*ʾeṣbəʿōtāyw* six-and-six twenty and-four, and-also-he *nôlad* to-the-*rāp̄āʾ*.", "grammar": { "*wattəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and there was", "*milḥāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - war/battle", "*gat*": "proper noun - Gath", "*wayəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and there was", "*ʾîš*": "noun, masculine singular - man of", "*middâ*": "noun, feminine singular - measure/stature", "*ʾeṣbəʿōtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his fingers/toes", "*nôlad*": "perfect, 3rd masculine singular, niphal - he was born", "*rāp̄āʾ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Rapha/giant" }, "variants": { "*wattəhî*": "and there was/happened", "*milḥāmâ*": "war/battle/conflict", "*wayəhî*": "and there was/happened", "*ʾîš*": "man/person/warrior of", "*middâ*": "measure/stature/great size", "*ʾeṣbəʿōtāyw*": "his fingers and toes", "*nôlad*": "he was born/begotten", "*rāp̄āʾ*": "the Rapha/giant/Rephaite" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.20.7", "source": "וַיְחָרֵ֖ף אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּכֵּ֙הוּ֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן בֶּן־שִׁמְעָ֖א אֲחִ֥י דָוִֽיד׃", "text": "And *wayḥārēp̄* *ʾet*-*yiśrāʾēl*, and *wayyakkēhû* *yəhônātān* *ben*-*šimʿāʾ* *ʾăḥî* *dāwîd*.", "grammar": { "*wayḥārēp̄*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular, piel - and he taunted/reproached", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*wayyakkēhû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix, hiphil - and he struck him", "*yəhônātān*": "proper noun - Jonathan", "*ben*": "construct noun, masculine singular - son of", "*šimʿāʾ*": "proper noun - Shimea", "*ʾăḥî*": "construct noun, masculine singular - brother of", "*dāwîd*": "proper noun - David" }, "variants": { "*wayḥārēp̄*": "and he taunted/defied/reproached/reviled", "*wayyakkēhû*": "and he struck him/killed him/defeated him", "*ʾăḥî*": "brother of/kinsman of" } }

{ "verseID": "1 Chronicles.20.8", "source": "אֵ֛ל נוּלְּד֥וּ לְהָרָפָ֖א בְּגַ֑ת וַיִּפְּל֥וּ בְיַד־דָּוִ֖יד וּבְיַד־עֲבָדָֽיו׃ פ", "text": "*ʾēl* *nullədû* to-the-*rāp̄āʾ* in-*gat*, and *wayyippəlû* by-*yad*-*dāwîd* and-by-*yad*-*ʿăḇādāyw*.", "grammar": { "*ʾēl*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine plural - these", "*nullədû*": "perfect, 3rd common plural, niphal - they were born", "*rāp̄āʾ*": "proper noun with definite article - the Rapha/giant", "*gat*": "proper noun - Gath", "*wayyippəlû*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they fell", "*yad*": "construct noun, feminine singular - hand of", "*dāwîd*": "proper noun - David", "*yad*": "construct noun, feminine singular - hand of", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his servants" }, "variants": { "*ʾēl*": "these/those", "*nullədû*": "they were born/begotten", "*rāp̄āʾ*": "the Rapha/giant/Rephaite", "*wayyippəlû*": "and they fell/were killed/were defeated", "*yad*": "hand/power/agency of", "*ʿăḇādāyw*": "his servants/officials/men" } }