{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.1", "source": "לַמְנַצֵּ֤חַ ׀ עַל־י֬וֹנַת אֵ֣לֶם רְ֭חֹקִים לְדָוִ֣ד מִכְתָּ֑ם בֶּֽאֱחֹ֨ז אֹת֖וֹ פְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים בְּגַֽת׃", "text": "To-*mənaṣṣēaḥ* upon-*yônat ʾēlem rəḥōqîm* to-*Dāwid miktām* when-*ʾeḥōz* him *Pəlištîm* in-*Gat*", "grammar": { "*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "Piel participle masculine singular with lamed prefix - to the director/choirmaster", "*yônat ʾēlem rəḥōqîm*": "construct chain - dove of silence of distant ones/places", "*Dāwid*": "proper name with lamed prefix - to/for/by David", "*miktām*": "masculine singular noun - possibly musical term or golden poem", "*ʾeḥōz*": "infinitive construct with bet prefix - when seized/grasped", "*Pəlištîm*": "proper name, masculine plural - Philistines", "*Gat*": "proper name with bet prefix - in Gath" }, "variants": { "*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "director/chief musician/choirmaster/overseer", "*yônat ʾēlem rəḥōqîm*": "dove of silent/mute distant places/silent dove of distant places/dove of the distant terebinths", "*miktām*": "golden poem/inscription/writing/covering", "*ʾeḥōz*": "seize/grasp/take hold of/capture" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.2", "source": "חָנֵּ֣נִי אֱ֭לֹהִים כִּֽי־שְׁאָפַ֣נִי אֱנ֑וֹשׁ כָּל־הַ֝יּ֗וֹם לֹחֵ֥ם יִלְחָצֵֽנִי׃", "text": "*Ḥānnēnî ʾĕlōhîm* for-*šəʾāpanî ʾĕnôš* all-the-*yôm lōḥēm yilḥāṣēnî*", "grammar": { "*Ḥānnēnî*": "Qal imperative masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - be gracious to me", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun used as singular - God", "*šəʾāpanî*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he pants after me/swallows me up", "*ʾĕnôš*": "masculine singular noun - man/mankind/mortal", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*lōḥēm*": "Qal participle masculine singular - fighting/warrior", "*yilḥāṣēnî*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - he oppresses me" }, "variants": { "*Ḥānnēnî*": "be gracious to me/have mercy on me/show favor to me", "*šəʾāpanî*": "pants after me/tramples on me/crushes me/swallows me up", "*ʾĕnôš*": "man/mankind/mortal/human", "*lōḥēm*": "fighter/warrior/one who fights", "*yilḥāṣēnî*": "oppresses me/presses me/crushes me" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.3", "source": "שָׁאֲפ֣וּ שׁ֭וֹרְרַי כָּל־הַיּ֑וֹם כִּֽי־רַבִּ֨ים לֹחֲמִ֖ים לִ֣י מָרֽוֹם׃", "text": "*Šāʾăpû šôrəray* all-the-*yôm* for-*rabbîm lōḥămîm* to-me *mārôm*", "grammar": { "*Šāʾăpû*": "Qal perfect 3rd plural - they pant after/crush", "*šôrəray*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my watchers/enemies", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*rabbîm*": "masculine plural adjective - many", "*lōḥămîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - fighters/warriors", "*mārôm*": "masculine singular noun - height/high place" }, "variants": { "*Šāʾăpû*": "pant after/crush/trample/swallow up", "*šôrəray*": "my watchers/my enemies/my adversaries", "*rabbîm*": "many/great/numerous", "*lōḥămîm*": "fighters/warriors/those who fight", "*mārôm*": "height/high place/haughtily/proudly/from on high" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.4", "source": "י֥וֹם אִירָ֑א אֲ֝נִ֗י אֵלֶ֥יךָ אֶבְטָֽח׃", "text": "*Yôm ʾîrāʾ ʾănî ʾēleykā ʾebṭāḥ*", "grammar": { "*Yôm*": "masculine singular noun construct - day of", "*ʾîrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular - I fear/will fear", "*ʾănî*": "1st person singular independent pronoun - I", "*ʾēleykā*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you", "*ʾebṭāḥ*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular - I trust/will trust" }, "variants": { "*Yôm*": "day/time/when", "*ʾîrāʾ*": "I fear/I am afraid/I will be afraid", "*ʾebṭāḥ*": "I trust/I will trust/I put my confidence" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.5", "source": "בֵּאלֹהִים֮ אֲהַלֵּ֢ל דְּבָ֫ר֥וֹ בֵּאלֹהִ֣ים בָּ֭טַחְתִּי לֹ֣א אִירָ֑א מַה־יַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה בָשָׂ֣ר לִֽי׃", "text": "In-*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăhallēl dəbārô* in-*ʾĕlōhîm bāṭaḥtî lōʾ ʾîrāʾ* what-*yaʿăśeh bāśār* to-me", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with bet prefix - in God", "*ʾăhallēl*": "Piel imperfect 1st singular - I praise/will praise", "*dəbārô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his word", "*bāṭaḥtî*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - I have trusted", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾîrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular - I fear/will fear", "*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he does/will do", "*bāśār*": "masculine singular noun - flesh" }, "variants": { "*ʾăhallēl*": "I praise/I will praise/I celebrate", "*dəbārô*": "his word/his promise/his speech", "*bāṭaḥtî*": "I have trusted/I trust/I have confidence", "*ʾîrāʾ*": "I fear/I am afraid/I will fear", "*yaʿăśeh*": "he does/he will do/he can do", "*bāśār*": "flesh/mankind/humanity/mortal" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.6", "source": "כָּל־הַ֭יּוֹם דְּבָרַ֣י יְעַצֵּ֑בוּ עָלַ֖י כָּל־מַחְשְׁבֹתָ֣ם לָרָֽע׃", "text": "All-the-*yôm dəbāray yəʿaṣṣēbû* against-me all-*maḥšəbōtām lārāʿ*", "grammar": { "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the day", "*dəbāray*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my words", "*yəʿaṣṣēbû*": "Piel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they distort/twist", "*maḥšəbōtām*": "feminine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their thoughts", "*lārāʿ*": "masculine singular noun with lamed prefix - for evil" }, "variants": { "*dəbāray*": "my words/my matters/my affairs", "*yəʿaṣṣēbû*": "they distort/they twist/they pervert/they pain", "*maḥšəbōtām*": "their thoughts/their plans/their designs", "*lārāʿ*": "for evil/for harm/for wickedness/for misfortune" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.7", "source": "יָג֤וּרוּ ׀ יצפינו יִצְפּ֗וֹנוּ הֵ֭מָּה עֲקֵבַ֣י יִשְׁמֹ֑רוּ כַּ֝אֲשֶׁ֗ר קִוּ֥וּ נַפְשִֽׁי׃", "text": "*Yāgûrû yiṣpônû hēmmāh ʿăqēbay yišmōrû kaʾăšer qiwwû napšî*", "grammar": { "*Yāgûrû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they stir up strife/gather together", "*yiṣpônû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural with paragogic nun - they hide/lurk", "*hēmmāh*": "3rd person masculine plural independent pronoun - they", "*ʿăqēbay*": "masculine plural noun with 1st person singular suffix - my heels/footprints", "*yišmōrû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they watch/observe", "*kaʾăšer*": "conjunction - as/when/according as", "*qiwwû*": "Piel perfect 3rd plural - they wait for/hope for", "*napšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my soul/life" }, "variants": { "*Yāgûrû*": "they stir up strife/they gather together/they attack", "*yiṣpônû*": "they hide/they lurk/they lie in wait/they spy on", "*ʿăqēbay*": "my heels/my footprints/my steps", "*yišmōrû*": "they watch/they observe/they guard/they wait for", "*qiwwû*": "they wait for/they hope for/they expect", "*napšî*": "my soul/my life/myself" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.8", "source": "עַל־אָ֥וֶן פַּלֶּט־לָ֑מוֹ בְּ֝אַ֗ף עַמִּ֤ים ׀ הוֹרֵ֬ד אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "Upon-*ʾāwen palleṭ*-to-them in-*ʾap ʿammîm hôrēd ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*ʾāwen*": "masculine singular noun with al prefix - upon iniquity", "*palleṭ*": "Piel imperative masculine singular - deliver/rescue", "*lāmô*": "preposition with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - to them", "*ʾap*": "masculine singular noun with bet prefix - in anger", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - peoples", "*hôrēd*": "Hiphil imperative masculine singular - bring down/cast down", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun used as singular - God" }, "variants": { "*ʾāwen*": "iniquity/wickedness/trouble/sorrow", "*palleṭ*": "deliver/rescue/save/let escape", "*ʾap*": "anger/nose/face/wrath", "*ʿammîm*": "peoples/nations/tribes", "*hôrēd*": "bring down/cast down/subdue" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.9", "source": "נֹדִי֮ סָפַ֢רְתָּ֫ה אָ֥תָּה שִׂ֣ימָה דִמְעָתִ֣י בְנֹאדֶ֑ךָ הֲ֝לֹ֗א בְּסִפְרָתֶֽךָ׃", "text": "*Nōdî sāpartāh ʾāttāh śîmāh dimʿātî bənōʾdekā hălōʾ bəsiprātekā*", "grammar": { "*Nōdî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my wandering", "*sāpartāh*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular with paragogic he - you have counted", "*ʾāttāh*": "2nd person masculine singular independent pronoun - you", "*śîmāh*": "Qal imperative masculine singular with paragogic he - put/place", "*dimʿātî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my tear", "*bənōʾdekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix and bet prefix - in your bottle", "*hălōʾ*": "interrogative particle with negative - are not?", "*bəsiprātekā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix and bet prefix - in your book" }, "variants": { "*Nōdî*": "my wandering/my homelessness/my fleeing", "*sāpartāh*": "you have counted/you have recorded/you have numbered", "*śîmāh*": "put/place/store/set", "*dimʿātî*": "my tear/my tears/my weeping", "*bənōʾdekā*": "in your bottle/in your wineskin/in your container", "*bəsiprātekā*": "in your book/in your scroll/in your record" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.10", "source": "אָ֥֨ז יָ֘שׁ֤וּבוּ אוֹיְבַ֣י אָ֭חוֹר בְּי֣וֹם אֶקְרָ֑א זֶה־יָ֝דַ֗עְתִּי כִּֽי־אֱלֹהִ֥ים לִֽי׃", "text": "Then *yāšûbû ʾôyəbay ʾāḥôr* in-*yôm ʾeqrāʾ* this-*yādaʿtî* that-*ʾĕlōhîm* to-me", "grammar": { "*yāšûbû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they turn back", "*ʾôyəbay*": "Qal participle masculine plural construct with 1st person singular suffix - my enemies", "*ʾāḥôr*": "adverb - backward", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun with bet prefix - in day", "*ʾeqrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular - I call/cry out", "*yādaʿtî*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - I know", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun used as singular - God" }, "variants": { "*yāšûbû*": "they turn back/they return/they retreat", "*ʾôyəbay*": "my enemies/my foes/those hostile to me", "*ʾāḥôr*": "backward/back/behind", "*ʾeqrāʾ*": "I call/I cry out/I call upon", "*yādaʿtî*": "I know/I have known/I recognize" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.11", "source": "בֵּֽ֭אלֹהִים אֲהַלֵּ֣ל דָּבָ֑ר בַּ֝יהוָ֗ה אֲהַלֵּ֥ל דָּבָֽר׃", "text": "In-*ʾĕlōhîm ʾăhallēl dābār* in-*YHWH ʾăhallēl dābār*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with bet prefix - in God", "*ʾăhallēl*": "Piel imperfect 1st singular - I praise", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - word", "*YHWH*": "proper name with bet prefix - in YHWH", "*ʾăhallēl*": "Piel imperfect 1st singular - I praise", "*dābār*": "masculine singular noun - word" }, "variants": { "*ʾăhallēl*": "I praise/I will praise/I celebrate", "*dābār*": "word/speech/promise/matter", "*YHWH*": "the LORD/Yahweh/the Eternal" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.12", "source": "בֵּֽאלֹהִ֣ים בָּ֭טַחְתִּי לֹ֣א אִירָ֑א מַה־יַּעֲשֶׂ֖ה אָדָ֣ם לִֽי׃", "text": "In-*ʾĕlōhîm bāṭaḥtî lōʾ ʾîrāʾ* what-*yaʿăśeh ʾādām* to-me", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with bet prefix - in God", "*bāṭaḥtî*": "Qal perfect 1st singular - I have trusted", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ʾîrāʾ*": "Qal imperfect 1st singular - I fear", "*yaʿăśeh*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - he does/will do", "*ʾādām*": "masculine singular noun - man/mankind/human" }, "variants": { "*bāṭaḥtî*": "I have trusted/I trust/I have confidence", "*ʾîrāʾ*": "I fear/I am afraid/I will fear", "*yaʿăśeh*": "he does/he will do/he can do", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/humanity/human being" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.13", "source": "עָלַ֣י אֱלֹהִ֣ים נְדָרֶ֑יךָ אֲשַׁלֵּ֖ם תּוֹדֹ֣ת לָֽךְ׃", "text": "Upon-me *ʾĕlōhîm nədāreykā ʾăšallēm tôdōt* to-you", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun used as singular - God", "*nədāreykā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your vows", "*ʾăšallēm*": "Piel imperfect 1st singular - I will fulfill/pay", "*tôdōt*": "feminine plural noun - thank offerings", "*lāk*": "preposition with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to you" }, "variants": { "*nədāreykā*": "your vows/your pledges/your promises", "*ʾăšallēm*": "I will fulfill/I will pay/I will complete", "*tôdōt*": "thank offerings/thanksgiving/praise" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.56.14", "source": "כִּ֤י הִצַּ֪לְתָּ נַפְשִׁ֡י מִמָּוֶת֮ הֲלֹ֥א רַגְלַ֗י מִ֫דֶּ֥חִי לְ֭הִֽתְהַלֵּךְ לִפְנֵ֣י אֱלֹהִ֑ים בְּ֝א֗וֹר הֽ͏ַחַיִּֽים׃", "text": "For *hiṣṣaltā napšî mimmāwet* not *raglay middeḥî ləhithallēk lipnê ʾĕlōhîm bəʾôr haḥayyîm*", "grammar": { "*hiṣṣaltā*": "Hiphil perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have delivered", "*napšî*": "feminine singular noun with 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*mimmāwet*": "masculine singular noun with min prefix - from death", "*raglay*": "feminine dual noun with 1st person singular suffix - my feet", "*middeḥî*": "masculine singular noun with min prefix - from stumbling", "*ləhithallēk*": "Hithpael infinitive construct with lamed prefix - to walk", "*lipnê*": "plural noun construct with lamed prefix - before the face of", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun used as singular - God", "*bəʾôr*": "masculine singular noun with bet prefix - in the light of", "*haḥayyîm*": "masculine plural noun with definite article - the living" }, "variants": { "*hiṣṣaltā*": "you have delivered/you have rescued/you have saved", "*napšî*": "my soul/my life/myself", "*middeḥî*": "from stumbling/from falling/from being pushed down", "*ləhithallēk*": "to walk/to walk about/to move about", "*lipnê*": "before/in the presence of/in front of", "*bəʾôr*": "in the light of/in the light/by the light", "*haḥayyîm*": "the living/life/the alive" } }