{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.1", "source": "לַמְנַצֵּ֥חַ לְדָוִ֗ד מִזְמ֥וֹר שִֽׁיר׃", "text": "To the *mənaṣṣēaḥ* to *Dāwid* *mizmôr* *šîr*", "grammar": { "*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "prefixed preposition לְ (to/for) + definite article + masculine singular participle - director/conductor", "*Dāwid*": "prefixed preposition לְ (to/for) + proper name - David", "*mizmôr*": "masculine singular construct - psalm/melody", "*šîr*": "masculine singular - song" }, "variants": { "*mənaṣṣēaḥ*": "director/chief musician/conductor/choir master", "*mizmôr*": "psalm/melody/musical composition", "*šîr*": "song/musical piece" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.2", "source": "יָק֣וּם אֱ֭לֹהִים יָפ֣וּצוּ אוֹיְבָ֑יו וְיָנ֥וּסוּ מְ֝שַׂנְאָ֗יו מִפָּנָֽיו׃", "text": "*yāqûm* *ʾĕlōhîm* *yāpûṣû* *ʾôyəbāyw* *wə-yānûsû* *məśanəʾāyw* *mippānāyw*", "grammar": { "*yāqûm*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'let him arise'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - God", "*yāpûṣû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they will be scattered'", "*ʾôyəbāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'his enemies'", "*wə-yānûsû*": "conjunction וְ (and) + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they will flee'", "*məśanəʾāyw*": "Piel participle masculine plural with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'those hating him'", "*mippānāyw*": "preposition מִן (from) + masculine plural noun פָּנִים (face) with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'from his face/presence'" }, "variants": { "*yāqûm*": "arise/stand up/get up", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "God/gods/divine beings", "*yāpûṣû*": "be scattered/dispersed/spread", "*məśanəʾāyw*": "his haters/those who hate him" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.3", "source": "כְּהִנְדֹּ֥ף עָשָׁ֗ן תִּ֫נְדֹּ֥ף כְּהִמֵּ֣ס דּ֭וֹנַג מִפְּנֵי־אֵ֑שׁ יֹאבְד֥וּ רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים מִפְּנֵ֥י אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*kə-hindōp* *ʿāšān* *tindōp* *kə-himmēs* *dônag* *mippənê*-*ʾēš* *yōʾbədû* *rəšāʿîm* *mippənê* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*kə-hindōp*": "preposition כְּ (as/like) + Niphal infinitive construct of נדף - 'as being driven away'", "*ʿāšān*": "masculine singular noun - 'smoke'", "*tindōp*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you will drive away'", "*kə-himmēs*": "preposition כְּ (as/like) + Niphal infinitive construct of מסס - 'as melting'", "*dônag*": "masculine singular noun - 'wax'", "*mippənê*": "preposition מִן (from) + construct state of פָּנִים (face) - 'from the face/presence of'", "*ʾēš*": "feminine singular noun - 'fire'", "*yōʾbədû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they will perish'", "*rəšāʿîm*": "masculine plural adjective/noun - 'wicked ones'", "*mippənê*": "preposition מִן (from) + construct state of פָּנִים (face) - 'from the face/presence of'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'" }, "variants": { "*hindōp*": "being driven away/being dispersed", "*himmēs*": "melting/dissolving", "*dônag*": "wax/beeswax", "*rəšāʿîm*": "wicked ones/evil people/unrighteous ones" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.4", "source": "וְֽצַדִּיקִ֗ים יִשְׂמְח֣וּ יַֽ֭עַלְצוּ לִפְנֵ֥י אֱלֹהִ֗ים וְיָשִׂ֥ישׂוּ בְשִׂמְחָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-ṣaddîqîm* *yiśməḥû* *yaʿalṣû* *lipnê* *ʾĕlōhîm* *wə-yāśîśû* *bə-śimḥâ*", "grammar": { "*wə-ṣaddîqîm*": "conjunction וְ (and) + masculine plural adjective/noun - 'and righteous ones'", "*yiśməḥû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they will rejoice'", "*yaʿalṣû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they will exult'", "*lipnê*": "preposition לְ (to/before) + construct state of פָּנִים (face) - 'before the face/presence of'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*wə-yāśîśû*": "conjunction וְ (and) + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they will be glad'", "*bə-śimḥâ*": "preposition בְּ (in/with) + feminine singular noun - 'with joy'" }, "variants": { "*ṣaddîqîm*": "righteous ones/just ones/upright ones", "*yiśməḥû*": "rejoice/be joyful/be happy", "*yaʿalṣû*": "exult/be jubilant/celebrate", "*yāśîśû*": "be glad/rejoice/be joyful", "*śimḥâ*": "joy/gladness/happiness" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.5", "source": "שִׁ֤ירוּ ׀ לֵֽאלֹהִים֮ זַמְּר֢וּ שְׁ֫מ֥וֹ סֹ֡לּוּ לָרֹכֵ֣ב בָּ֭עֲרָבוֹת בְּיָ֥הּ שְׁמ֗וֹ וְעִלְז֥וּ לְפָנָֽיו׃", "text": "*šîrû* to-*ʾelōhîm* *zammərû* *šəmô* *sōllû* to-*rōkēb* *bā-ʿărābôt* *bə-yāh* *šəmô* *wə-ʿilzû* *lə-pānāyw*", "grammar": { "*šîrû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - 'sing'", "to-*ʾelōhîm*": "preposition לְ (to) + masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'to God'", "*zammərû*": "Piel imperative masculine plural - 'sing praises/make music'", "*šəmô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'his name'", "*sōllû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - 'make a highway/cast up'", "to-*rōkēb*": "preposition לְ (to/for) + Qal active participle masculine singular construct - 'for him who rides'", "*bā-ʿărābôt*": "preposition בְּ (in) + definite article + feminine plural noun - 'in the deserts/clouds'", "*bə-yāh*": "preposition בְּ (in/by) + shortened form of divine name - 'by Yah'", "*šəmô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'his name'", "*wə-ʿilzû*": "conjunction וְ (and) + Qal imperative masculine plural - 'and rejoice'", "*lə-pānāyw*": "preposition לְ (before) + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'before him'" }, "variants": { "*rōkēb*": "rider/one who rides", "*ʿărābôt*": "deserts/clouds/steppes/heaven", "*yāh*": "Yah/shortened form of YHWH/the LORD", "*ʿilzû*": "rejoice/be jubilant/celebrate" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.6", "source": "אֲבִ֣י יְ֭תוֹמִים וְדַיַּ֣ן אַלְמָנ֑וֹת אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים בִּמְע֥וֹן קָדְשֽׁוֹ׃", "text": "*ʾăbî* *yətômîm* *wə-dayyān* *ʾalmānôt* *ʾĕlōhîm* *bi-məʿôn* *qādšô*", "grammar": { "*ʾăbî*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'father of'", "*yətômîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'orphans'", "*wə-dayyān*": "conjunction וְ (and) + masculine singular construct noun - 'and judge of'", "*ʾalmānôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'widows'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*bi-məʿôn*": "preposition בְּ (in) + masculine singular construct noun - 'in the dwelling of'", "*qādšô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'his holiness'" }, "variants": { "*ʾăbî*": "father of/protector of", "*dayyān*": "judge/defender/advocate", "*məʿôn*": "dwelling/habitation/abode", "*qādšô*": "his holiness/his holy place/his sanctuary" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.7", "source": "אֱלֹהִ֤ים ׀ מ֘וֹשִׁ֤יב יְחִידִ֨ים ׀ בַּ֗יְתָה מוֹצִ֣יא אֲ֭סִירִים בַּכּוֹשָׁר֑וֹת אַ֥ךְ ס֝וֹרֲרִ֗ים שָׁכְנ֥וּ צְחִיחָֽה׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhîm* *môšîb* *yəḥîdîm* *baytâ* *môṣîʾ* *ʾăsîrîm* *ba-kôšārôt* *ʾak* *sôrărîm* *šāknû* *ṣəḥîḥâ*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*môšîb*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - 'causing to dwell/settling'", "*yəḥîdîm*": "masculine plural adjective/noun - 'solitary ones'", "*baytâ*": "masculine singular noun with directional ה suffix - 'to a house/homeward'", "*môṣîʾ*": "Hiphil participle masculine singular - 'bringing out'", "*ʾăsîrîm*": "masculine plural passive participle/noun - 'prisoners/bound ones'", "*ba-kôšārôt*": "preposition בְּ (in/with) + defined feminine plural noun - 'with prosperity/into happiness'", "*ʾak*": "adverb/particle - 'only/surely/but'", "*sôrărîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - 'rebellious ones'", "*šāknû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - 'they dwelt'", "*ṣəḥîḥâ*": "feminine singular adjective/noun - 'parched land'" }, "variants": { "*yəḥîdîm*": "solitary ones/lonely ones/isolated ones", "*baytâ*": "homeward/to a house/to a home", "*ʾăsîrîm*": "prisoners/captives/bound ones", "*kôšārôt*": "prosperity/happiness/abundance/good things", "*sôrărîm*": "rebellious ones/stubborn ones/defiant ones", "*ṣəḥîḥâ*": "parched land/dry place/desert" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.8", "source": "אֱ‍ֽלֹהִ֗ים בְּ֭צֵאתְךָ לִפְנֵ֣י עַמֶּ֑ךָ בְּצַעְדְּךָ֖ בִֽישִׁימ֣וֹן סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*ʾĕlōhîm* *bə-ṣēʾtkā* *lipnê* *ʿammekā* *bə-ṣaʿddəkā* *bî-šîmôn* *selâ*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*bə-ṣēʾtkā*": "preposition בְּ (in/when) + Qal infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'when you went out'", "*lipnê*": "preposition לְ (before) + construct of פָּנִים (face) - 'before'", "*ʿammekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your people'", "*bə-ṣaʿddəkā*": "preposition בְּ (in/when) + Qal infinitive construct with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'when you marched'", "*bî-šîmôn*": "preposition בְּ (in) + masculine singular noun - 'in the desert/wilderness'", "*selâ*": "musical or liturgical term - 'Selah'" }, "variants": { "*ṣēʾtkā*": "your going out/your departure", "*ṣaʿddəkā*": "your marching/your striding/your walking", "*šîmôn*": "desert/wilderness/wasteland", "*selâ*": "pause/musical interlude/lift up" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.9", "source": "אֶ֤רֶץ רָעָ֨שָׁה ׀ אַף־שָׁמַ֣יִם נָטְפוּ֮ מִפְּנֵ֢י אֱלֹ֫הִ֥ים זֶ֥ה סִינַ֑י מִפְּנֵ֥י אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים אֱלֹהֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*ʾereṣ* *rāʿāšâ* *ʾap*-*šāmayim* *nāṭpû* *mippənê* *ʾĕlōhîm* *zeh* *sînay* *mippənê* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ʾĕlōhê* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun - 'earth/land'", "*rāʿāšâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'it trembled'", "*ʾap*": "conjunction/particle - 'also/even'", "*šāmayim*": "masculine dual noun - 'heavens'", "*nāṭpû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - 'they dropped/dripped'", "*mippənê*": "preposition מִן (from) + construct of פָּנִים (face) - 'from the presence of'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun - 'this'", "*sînay*": "proper noun - 'Sinai'", "*mippənê*": "preposition מִן (from) + construct of פָּנִים (face) - 'from the presence of'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*ʾĕlōhê*": "masculine plural construct noun - 'God of'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'" }, "variants": { "*rāʿāšâ*": "trembled/quaked/shook", "*nāṭpû*": "dropped/dripped/poured down", "*zeh*": "this/this one/that" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.10", "source": "גֶּ֣שֶׁם נְ֭דָבוֹת תָּנִ֣יף אֱלֹהִ֑ים נַחֲלָתְךָ֥ וְ֝נִלְאָ֗ה אַתָּ֥ה כֽוֹנַנְתּֽ͏ָהּ׃", "text": "*gešem* *nədābôt* *tānîp* *ʾĕlōhîm* *naḥălātkā* *wə-nilʾâ* *ʾattâ* *kônantāh*", "grammar": { "*gešem*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'rain of'", "*nədābôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'abundance/generosity'", "*tānîp*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you caused to fall/sprinkled'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*naḥălātkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your inheritance'", "*wə-nilʾâ*": "conjunction וְ (and) + Niphal perfect 3rd feminine singular - 'and it was weary'", "*ʾattâ*": "2nd masculine singular personal pronoun - 'you'", "*kônantāh*": "Polel perfect 2nd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular object suffix - 'you established it'" }, "variants": { "*gešem*": "rain/shower/downpour", "*nədābôt*": "abundance/generosity/bountiful gifts/free-will offerings", "*tānîp*": "sprinkled/showered/caused to fall", "*naḥălātkā*": "your inheritance/your possession/your property", "*nilʾâ*": "was weary/was exhausted/was tired", "*kônantāh*": "you established it/you restored it/you prepared it" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.11", "source": "חַיָּתְךָ֥ יָֽשְׁבוּ־בָ֑הּ תָּ֤כִ֥ין בְּטוֹבָתְךָ֖ לֶעָנִ֣י אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*ḥayyātkā* *yāšbû*-*bāh* *tākîn* *bə-ṭôbātkā* to-*ʿānî* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*ḥayyātkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your living creatures/your company'", "*yāšbû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - 'they dwelt'", "*bāh*": "preposition בְּ (in) with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'in it'", "*tākîn*": "Hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you will prepare/provide'", "*bə-ṭôbātkā*": "preposition בְּ (in/with) + feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'with your goodness'", "to-*ʿānî*": "preposition לְ (for) + masculine singular adjective/noun - 'for the poor/afflicted'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'" }, "variants": { "*ḥayyātkā*": "your living creatures/your company/your congregation/your animals", "*tākîn*": "you provide/you prepare/you establish", "*ṭôbātkā*": "your goodness/your bounty/your kindness", "*ʿānî*": "poor one/afflicted one/humble one" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.12", "source": "אֲדֹנָ֥י יִתֶּן־אֹ֑מֶר הַֽ֝מְבַשְּׂר֗וֹת צָבָ֥א רָֽב׃", "text": "*ʾădōnāy* *yitten*-*ʾōmer* the-*məbaśśərôt* *ṣābāʾ* *rāb*", "grammar": { "*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - 'Lord/Master'", "*yitten*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he gives'", "*ʾōmer*": "masculine singular noun - 'word/saying'", "the-*məbaśśərôt*": "definite article + Piel participle feminine plural - 'the female messengers/proclaimers'", "*ṣābāʾ*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'army/host of'", "*rāb*": "masculine singular adjective - 'great/many'" }, "variants": { "*ʾōmer*": "word/saying/speech/command", "*məbaśśərôt*": "female messengers/women who bring good news/female proclaimers", "*ṣābāʾ*": "army/host/company", "*rāb*": "great/many/much/numerous" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.13", "source": "מַלְכֵ֣י צְ֭בָאוֹת יִדֹּד֣וּן יִדֹּד֑וּן וּנְוַת־בַּ֝֗יִת תְּחַלֵּ֥ק שָׁלָֽל׃", "text": "*malkê* *ṣəbāʾôt* *yiddōdûn* *yiddōdûn* *û-nəwat*-*bayit* *təḥallēq* *šālāl*", "grammar": { "*malkê*": "masculine plural construct noun - 'kings of'", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "masculine plural noun - 'armies/hosts'", "*yiddōdûn*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they flee'", "*yiddōdûn*": "repeated for emphasis - 'they flee, they flee'", "*û-nəwat*": "conjunction וְ (and) + feminine singular construct noun - 'and the beauty of'", "*bayit*": "masculine singular noun - 'house'", "*təḥallēq*": "Piel imperfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she divides'", "*šālāl*": "masculine singular noun - 'spoil/plunder'" }, "variants": { "*yiddōdûn*": "they flee/they wander/they hasten away", "*nəwat*": "beauty/dwelling/abider of", "*təḥallēq*": "she divides/she distributes/she apportions", "*šālāl*": "spoil/plunder/booty" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.14", "source": "אִֽם־תִּשְׁכְּבוּן֮ בֵּ֢ין שְׁפַ֫תָּ֥יִם כַּנְפֵ֣י י֭וֹנָה נֶחְפָּ֣ה בַכֶּ֑סֶף וְ֝אֶבְרוֹתֶ֗יהָ בִּֽירַקְרַ֥ק חָרֽוּץ׃", "text": "*ʾim*-*tiškəbûn* *bên* *šəpattāyim* *kanpê* *yônâ* *neḥpâ* *ba-kesep* *wə-ʾebrôtehā* *bî-raqraq* *ḥārûṣ*", "grammar": { "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - 'if'", "*tiškəbûn*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine plural with paragogic nun - 'you lie down'", "*bên*": "preposition - 'between'", "*šəpattāyim*": "feminine dual noun - 'sheepfolds/cooking pots'", "*kanpê*": "feminine plural construct noun - 'wings of'", "*yônâ*": "feminine singular noun - 'dove'", "*neḥpâ*": "Niphal participle feminine singular - 'covered'", "*ba-kesep*": "preposition בְּ (with) + definite article + masculine singular noun - 'with the silver'", "*wə-ʾebrôtehā*": "conjunction וְ (and) + feminine plural noun with 3rd feminine singular possessive suffix - 'and her pinions'", "*bî-raqraq*": "preposition בְּ (with) + masculine singular adjective - 'with yellow/greenish'", "*ḥārûṣ*": "masculine singular noun - 'gold'" }, "variants": { "*tiškəbûn*": "you lie down/you rest/you recline", "*šəpattāyim*": "sheepfolds/cooking pots/borders", "*neḥpâ*": "covered/overlaid/coated", "*ʾebrôtehā*": "her pinions/her feathers/her wings", "*raqraq*": "yellow/greenish/pale/gleaming", "*ḥārûṣ*": "gold/yellow gold/fine gold" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.15", "source": "בְּפָ֘רֵ֤שׂ שַׁדַּ֓י מְלָ֘כִ֤ים בָּ֗הּ תַּשְׁלֵ֥ג בְּצַלְמֽוֹן׃", "text": "*bə-pārēś* *šadday* *məlākîm* *bāh* *tašlēg* *bə-ṣalmôn*", "grammar": { "*bə-pārēś*": "preposition בְּ (when) + Piel infinitive construct - 'when scattered'", "*šadday*": "divine name - 'Almighty'", "*məlākîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'kings'", "*bāh*": "preposition בְּ (in) with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'in it'", "*tašlēg*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular - 'it became snow-white'", "*bə-ṣalmôn*": "preposition בְּ (in) + proper noun - 'in Zalmon'" }, "variants": { "*pārēś*": "scattered/spread/dispersed", "*šadday*": "Almighty/the Almighty One", "*tašlēg*": "became snow-white/snowed/turned white like snow", "*ṣalmôn*": "Zalmon/dark mountain/dark place" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.16", "source": "הַר־אֱ֭לֹהִים הַר־בָּשָׁ֑ן הַ֥ר גַּ֝בְנֻנִּ֗ים הַר־בָּשָֽׁן׃", "text": "*har*-*ʾĕlōhîm* *har*-*bāšān* *har* *gabnunnîm* *har*-*bāšān*", "grammar": { "*har*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'mountain of'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*har*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'mountain of'", "*bāšān*": "proper noun - 'Bashan'", "*har*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'mountain'", "*gabnunnîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'peaks/many-peaked'", "*har*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'mountain of'", "*bāšān*": "proper noun - 'Bashan'" }, "variants": { "*gabnunnîm*": "peaks/many-peaked/humps/many summits" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.17", "source": "לָ֤מָּה ׀ תְּֽרַצְּדוּן֮ הָרִ֢ים גַּבְנֻ֫נִּ֥ים הָהָ֗ר חָמַ֣ד אֱלֹהִ֣ים לְשִׁבְתּ֑וֹ אַף־יְ֝הוָ֗ה יִשְׁכֹּ֥ן לָנֶֽצַח׃", "text": "*lāmmâ* *təraṣṣədûn* *hārîm* *gabnunnîm* the-*hār* *ḥāmad* *ʾĕlōhîm* *lə-šibtô* *ʾap*-*YHWH* *yiškōn* *lā-neṣaḥ*", "grammar": { "*lāmmâ*": "interrogative particle - 'why'", "*təraṣṣədûn*": "Piel imperfect 2nd masculine plural with paragogic nun - 'you look with envy'", "*hārîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'mountains'", "*gabnunnîm*": "masculine plural adjective - 'many-peaked'", "the-*hār*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - 'the mountain'", "*ḥāmad*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he desired'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*lə-šibtô*": "preposition לְ (for) + Qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'for his dwelling'", "*ʾap*": "particle - 'indeed/also'", "*YHWH*": "divine name - 'LORD'", "*yiškōn*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he will dwell'", "*lā-neṣaḥ*": "preposition לְ (for) + definite article + masculine singular noun - 'forever'" }, "variants": { "*təraṣṣədûn*": "you look with envy/you watch jealously/you leap", "*ḥāmad*": "desired/took pleasure in/delighted in", "*šibtô*": "his dwelling/his habitation/his abode", "*neṣaḥ*": "forever/perpetuity/eternity" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.18", "source": "רֶ֤כֶב אֱלֹהִ֗ים רִבֹּתַ֣יִם אַלְפֵ֣י שִׁנְאָ֑ן אֲדֹנָ֥י בָ֝֗ם סִינַ֥י בַּקֹּֽדֶשׁ׃", "text": "*rekeb* *ʾĕlōhîm* *ribbōtayim* *ʾalpê* *šinʾān* *ʾădōnāy* *bām* *sînay* *ba-qōdeš*", "grammar": { "*rekeb*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'chariot of'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*ribbōtayim*": "feminine dual noun - 'twice ten thousand/myriads'", "*ʾalpê*": "masculine plural construct noun - 'thousands of'", "*šinʾān*": "masculine singular noun - 'repetition/abundance'", "*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - 'Lord'", "*bām*": "preposition בְּ (among) with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'among them'", "*sînay*": "proper noun - 'Sinai'", "*ba-qōdeš*": "preposition בְּ (in) + definite article + masculine singular noun - 'in the holy place'" }, "variants": { "*rekeb*": "chariot/chariotry/war vehicle", "*ribbōtayim*": "twice ten thousand/myriads/countless", "*šinʾān*": "repetition/abundance/thousands upon thousands", "*qōdeš*": "holy place/sanctuary/holiness" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.19", "source": "עָ֘לִ֤יתָ לַמָּר֨וֹם ׀ שָׁ֘בִ֤יתָ שֶּׁ֗בִי לָקַ֣חְתָּ מַ֭תָּנוֹת בָּאָדָ֑ם וְאַ֥ף ס֝וֹרְרִ֗ים לִשְׁכֹּ֤ן ׀ יָ֬הּ אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*ʿālîtā* to-the-*mārôm* *šābîtā* *šebî* *lāqaḥtā* *mattānôt* *bā-ʾādām* *wə-ʾap* *sôrərîm* *liškōn* *yāh* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*ʿālîtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you ascended'", "to-the-*mārôm*": "preposition לְ (to) + definite article + masculine singular noun - 'to the height'", "*šābîtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you captured'", "*šebî*": "masculine singular noun - 'captivity'", "*lāqaḥtā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you took/received'", "*mattānôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'gifts'", "*bā-ʾādām*": "preposition בְּ (among) + definite article + masculine singular noun - 'among mankind'", "*wə-ʾap*": "conjunction וְ (and) + particle - 'and even'", "*sôrərîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - 'rebellious ones'", "*liškōn*": "preposition לְ (to) + Qal infinitive construct - 'to dwell'", "*yāh*": "shortened divine name - 'Yah'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'" }, "variants": { "*mārôm*": "height/high place/heaven", "*šebî*": "captivity/captives/prisoners", "*mattānôt*": "gifts/presents/offerings", "*sôrərîm*": "rebellious ones/stubborn ones/defiant ones" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.20", "source": "בָּ֤ר֣וּךְ אֲדֹנָי֮ י֤וֹם ׀ י֥וֹם יַֽעֲמָס־לָ֗נוּ הָ֘אֵ֤ל יְֽשׁוּעָתֵ֬נוּ סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*bārûk* *ʾădōnāy* *yôm* *yôm* *yaʿămās*-*lānû* the-*ʾēl* *yəšûʿātēnû* *selâ*", "grammar": { "*bārûk*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - 'blessed'", "*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - 'Lord'", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun - 'day'", "*yôm*": "masculine singular noun (repeated) - 'day by day'", "*yaʿămās*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he bears'", "*lānû*": "preposition לְ (for) with 1st common plural suffix - 'for us'", "the-*ʾēl*": "definite article + singular divine name - 'the God'", "*yəšûʿātēnû*": "feminine singular noun with 1st common plural possessive suffix - 'our salvation'", "*selâ*": "musical or liturgical term - 'Selah'" }, "variants": { "*bārûk*": "blessed/praised/adored", "*yaʿămās*": "bears/carries/loads", "*yəšûʿâ*": "salvation/deliverance/victory", "*selâ*": "pause/musical interlude/lift up" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.21", "source": "הָ֤אֵ֣ל ׀ לָנוּ֮ אֵ֤ל לְֽמוֹשָׁ֫ע֥וֹת וְלֵיהוִ֥ה אֲדֹנָ֑י לַ֝מָּ֗וֶת תּוֹצָאֽוֹת׃", "text": "the-*ʾēl* *lānû* *ʾēl* *lə-môšāʿôt* *wə-lê-YHWH* *ʾădōnāy* to-the-*māwet* *tôṣāʾôt*", "grammar": { "the-*ʾēl*": "definite article + singular divine name - 'the God'", "*lānû*": "preposition לְ (to/for) with 1st common plural suffix - 'for us'", "*ʾēl*": "singular divine name - 'God'", "*lə-môšāʿôt*": "preposition לְ (for) + feminine plural noun - 'for salvations/deliverances'", "*wə-lê-YHWH*": "conjunction וְ (and) + preposition לְ (to) + divine name - 'and to the LORD'", "*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - 'Lord'", "to-the-*māwet*": "preposition לְ (to/for) + definite article + masculine singular noun - 'to death'", "*tôṣāʾôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'exits/escapes'" }, "variants": { "*môšāʿôt*": "salvations/deliverances/escapes", "*tôṣāʾôt*": "exits/escapes/ways out/outcomes" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.22", "source": "אַךְ־אֱלֹהִ֗ים יִמְחַץ֮ רֹ֤אשׁ אֹ֫יְבָ֥יו קָדְקֹ֥ד שֵׂעָ֑ר מִ֝תְהַלֵּ֗ךְ בַּאֲשָׁמָֽיו׃", "text": "*ʾak*-*ʾĕlōhîm* *yimḥaṣ* *rōʾš* *ʾōyəbāyw* *qādqōd* *śēʿār* *mithalēk* *ba-ʾăšāmāyw*", "grammar": { "*ʾak*": "adverb/particle - 'surely/only'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*yimḥaṣ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he will smash'", "*rōʾš*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'head of'", "*ʾōyəbāyw*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'his enemies'", "*qādqōd*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'crown/scalp of'", "*śēʿār*": "masculine singular noun - 'hairy'", "*mithalēk*": "Hithpael participle masculine singular - 'walking about/going about'", "*ba-ʾăšāmāyw*": "preposition בְּ (in) + masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'in his guilt'" }, "variants": { "*yimḥaṣ*": "smash/crush/wound severely", "*qādqōd*": "crown/scalp/skull", "*śēʿār*": "hairy/hair/hairy head", "*mithalēk*": "walking about/going about/continuing", "*ʾăšāmāyw*": "his guilt/his wrongdoing/his offenses" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.23", "source": "אָמַ֣ר אֲ֭דֹנָי מִבָּשָׁ֣ן אָשִׁ֑יב אָ֝שִׁ֗יב מִֽמְּצֻל֥וֹת יָֽם׃", "text": "*ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* from-*bāšān* *ʾāšîb* *ʾāšîb* from-*məṣûlôt* *yām*", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he said'", "*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - 'Lord'", "from-*bāšān*": "preposition מִן (from) + proper noun - 'from Bashan'", "*ʾāšîb*": "Hiphil imperfect 1st common singular - 'I will bring back'", "*ʾāšîb*": "repeated for emphasis - 'I will bring back'", "from-*məṣûlôt*": "preposition מִן (from) + feminine plural noun - 'from depths of'", "*yām*": "masculine singular noun - 'sea'" }, "variants": { "*ʾāšîb*": "I will bring back/I will return/I will restore", "*məṣûlôt*": "depths/deep places/abysses" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.24", "source": "לְמַ֤עַן ׀ תִּֽמְחַ֥ץ רַגְלְךָ֗ בְּ֫דָ֥ם לְשׁ֥וֹן כְּלָבֶ֑יךָ מֵאֹיְבִ֥ים מִנֵּֽהוּ׃", "text": "*ləmaʿan* *timḥaṣ* *raglkā* *bə-dām* *ləšôn* *kəlābekā* from-*ʾōyəbîm* *minnēhû*", "grammar": { "*ləmaʿan*": "conjunction - 'in order that'", "*timḥaṣ*": "Qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you will smash/dip'", "*raglkā*": "feminine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your foot'", "*bə-dām*": "preposition בְּ (in) + masculine singular noun - 'in blood'", "*ləšôn*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'tongue of'", "*kəlābekā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your dogs'", "from-*ʾōyəbîm*": "preposition מִן (from) + masculine plural noun - 'from enemies'", "*minnēhû*": "preposition מִן (from) with 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'its portion'" }, "variants": { "*timḥaṣ*": "smash/dip/bathe", "*minnēhû*": "its portion/its share/from it" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.25", "source": "רָא֣וּ הֲלִיכוֹתֶ֣יךָ אֱלֹהִ֑ים הֲלִ֘יכ֤וֹת אֵלִ֖י מַלְכִּ֣י בַקֹּֽדֶשׁ׃", "text": "*rāʾû* *hălîkôtekā* *ʾĕlōhîm* *hălîkôt* *ʾēlî* *malkî* *ba-qōdeš*", "grammar": { "*rāʾû*": "Qal perfect 3rd common plural - 'they saw'", "*hălîkôtekā*": "feminine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your processions'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*hălîkôt*": "feminine plural construct noun - 'processions of'", "*ʾēlî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st common singular possessive suffix - 'my God'", "*malkî*": "masculine singular noun with 1st common singular possessive suffix - 'my King'", "*ba-qōdeš*": "preposition בְּ (in) + definite article + masculine singular noun - 'in the sanctuary'" }, "variants": { "*hălîkôt*": "processions/goings/ways", "*qōdeš*": "sanctuary/holy place/holiness" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.26", "source": "קִדְּמ֣וּ שָׁ֭רִים אַחַ֣ר נֹגְנִ֑ים בְּת֥וֹךְ עֲ֝לָמ֗וֹת תּוֹפֵפֽוֹת׃", "text": "*qiddəmû* *šārîm* *ʾaḥar* *nōgənîm* *bətôk* *ʿălāmôt* *tôpēpôt*", "grammar": { "*qiddəmû*": "Piel perfect 3rd common plural - 'they went before'", "*šārîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - 'singers'", "*ʾaḥar*": "preposition - 'after/behind'", "*nōgənîm*": "Qal participle masculine plural - 'players/musicians'", "*bətôk*": "preposition בְּ (in) + masculine singular construct noun - 'in the midst of'", "*ʿălāmôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'young women/maidens'", "*tôpēpôt*": "Qal participle feminine plural - 'playing tambourines'" }, "variants": { "*qiddəmû*": "went before/preceded/led the way", "*šārîm*": "singers/those who sing", "*nōgənîm*": "players/musicians/those who play stringed instruments", "*ʿălāmôt*": "young women/maidens/virgins", "*tôpēpôt*": "playing tambourines/beating drums/striking timbrels" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.27", "source": "בְּֽ֭מַקְהֵלוֹת בָּרְכ֣וּ אֱלֹהִ֑ים יְ֝הוָ֗ה מִמְּק֥וֹר יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "*bə-maqhēlôt* *bārkû* *ʾĕlōhîm* *YHWH* from-*məqôr* *yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*bə-maqhēlôt*": "preposition בְּ (in) + feminine plural noun - 'in assemblies'", "*bārkû*": "Piel imperative masculine plural - 'bless'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*YHWH*": "divine name - 'LORD'", "from-*məqôr*": "preposition מִן (from) + masculine singular construct noun - 'from the fountain of'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'" }, "variants": { "*maqhēlôt*": "assemblies/congregations/choirs", "*məqôr*": "fountain/source/spring" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.28", "source": "שָׁ֤ם בִּנְיָמִ֨ן ׀ צָעִ֡יר רֹדֵ֗ם שָׂרֵ֣י יְ֭הוּדָה רִגְמָתָ֑ם שָׂרֵ֥י זְ֝בֻל֗וּן שָׂרֵ֥י נַפְתָּלִֽי׃", "text": "*šām* *binyāmīn* *ṣāʿîr* *rōdēm* *śārê* *yəhûdâ* *rigmātām* *śārê* *zəbulûn* *śārê* *naptālî*", "grammar": { "*šām*": "adverb - 'there'", "*binyāmīn*": "proper noun - 'Benjamin'", "*ṣāʿîr*": "masculine singular adjective - 'young/small'", "*rōdēm*": "Qal participle masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'ruling them'", "*śārê*": "masculine plural construct noun - 'princes of'", "*yəhûdâ*": "proper noun - 'Judah'", "*rigmātām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - 'their throng/company'", "*śārê*": "masculine plural construct noun - 'princes of'", "*zəbulûn*": "proper noun - 'Zebulun'", "*śārê*": "masculine plural construct noun - 'princes of'", "*naptālî*": "proper noun - 'Naphtali'" }, "variants": { "*ṣāʿîr*": "young/small/youngest", "*rōdēm*": "ruling them/their ruler/their leader", "*rigmātām*": "their throng/their company/their assembly" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.29", "source": "צִוָּ֥ה אֱלֹהֶ֗יךָ עֻ֫זֶּ֥ךָ עוּזָּ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֑ים ז֝֗וּ פָּעַ֥לְתָּ לָּֽנוּ׃", "text": "*ṣiwwâ* *ʾĕlōhekā* *ʿuzzekā* *ʿûzzâ* *ʾĕlōhîm* *zû* *pāʿaltā* *lānû*", "grammar": { "*ṣiwwâ*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he commanded'", "*ʾĕlōhekā*": "masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your God'", "*ʿuzzekā*": "masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'your strength'", "*ʿûzzâ*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - 'be strong/show strength'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "*zû*": "demonstrative pronoun - 'this/that'", "*pāʿaltā*": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - 'you have done'", "*lānû*": "preposition לְ (for) with 1st common plural suffix - 'for us'" }, "variants": { "*ṣiwwâ*": "commanded/ordained/decreed", "*ʿûzzâ*": "be strong/show strength/display power", "*zû*": "this/that which/what" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.30", "source": "מֵֽ֭הֵיכָלֶךָ עַל־יְרוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם לְךָ֤ יוֹבִ֖ילוּ מְלָכִ֣ים שָֽׁי׃", "text": "from-*hêkālekā* upon-*yərûšālāim* *ləkā* *yôbîlû* *məlākîm* *šāy*", "grammar": { "from-*hêkālekā*": "preposition מִן (from) + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'from your temple'", "upon-*yərûšālāim*": "preposition עַל (upon/over) + proper noun - 'over Jerusalem'", "*ləkā*": "preposition לְ (to/for) with 2nd masculine singular suffix - 'to you'", "*yôbîlû*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they will bring'", "*məlākîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'kings'", "*šāy*": "masculine singular noun - 'gift/tribute'" }, "variants": { "*hêkāl*": "temple/palace/sanctuary", "*yôbîlû*": "they will bring/they will carry/they will lead", "*šāy*": "gift/tribute/present" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.31", "source": "גְּעַ֨ר חַיַּ֪ת קָנֶ֡ה עֲדַ֤ת אַבִּירִ֨ים ׀ בְּעֶגְלֵ֬י עַמִּ֗ים מִתְרַפֵּ֥ס בְּרַצֵּי־כָ֑סֶף בִּזַּ֥ר עַ֝מִּ֗ים קְרָב֥וֹת יֶחְפָּֽצוּ׃", "text": "*gəʿar* *ḥayyat* *qāneh* *ʿădat* *ʾabbîrîm* *bə-ʿeglê* *ʿammîm* *mitrappēs* *bə-raṣṣê*-*kāsep* *bizzar* *ʿammîm* *qərābôt* *yeḥpāṣû*", "grammar": { "*gəʿar*": "Qal imperative masculine singular - 'rebuke'", "*ḥayyat*": "feminine singular construct noun - 'beast of'", "*qāneh*": "masculine singular noun - 'reed/cane'", "*ʿădat*": "feminine singular construct noun - 'company of'", "*ʾabbîrîm*": "masculine plural adjective/noun - 'mighty ones/bulls'", "*bə-ʿeglê*": "preposition בְּ (among) + masculine plural construct noun - 'among calves of'", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'peoples'", "*mitrappēs*": "Hithpael participle masculine singular - 'prostrating himself'", "*bə-raṣṣê*": "preposition בְּ (with) + masculine plural construct noun - 'with pieces of'", "*kāsep*": "masculine singular noun - 'silver'", "*bizzar*": "Piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he scattered'", "*ʿammîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'peoples'", "*qərābôt*": "feminine plural noun - 'battles/wars'", "*yeḥpāṣû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they delight'" }, "variants": { "*gəʿar*": "rebuke/reprimand/reproach", "*ḥayyat* *qāneh*": "beast of reed/beast among reeds/wild beast of the marshes", "*ʾabbîrîm*": "mighty ones/bulls/strong ones", "*mitrappēs*": "prostrating himself/submitting/trampling", "*raṣṣê*-*kāsep*": "pieces of silver/bars of silver", "*bizzar*": "scattered/dispersed/destroyed", "*qərābôt*": "battles/wars/conflicts", "*yeḥpāṣû*": "they delight/they take pleasure/they desire" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.32", "source": "יֶאֱתָ֣יוּ חַ֭שְׁמַנִּים מִנִּ֣י מִצְרָ֑יִם כּ֥וּשׁ תָּרִ֥יץ יָ֝דָ֗יו לֵאלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*yeʾĕtāyû* *ḥašmannîm* from-*minnî* *miṣrāyim* *kûš* *tārîṣ* *yādāyw* to-*ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*yeʾĕtāyû*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'they will come'", "*ḥašmannîm*": "masculine plural noun - 'nobles/princes'", "from-*minnî*": "preposition מִן (from) + poetic form - 'from'", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - 'Egypt'", "*kûš*": "proper noun - 'Cush/Ethiopia'", "*tārîṣ*": "Hiphil imperfect 3rd feminine singular - 'she will cause to run/stretch out'", "*yādāyw*": "feminine dual noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'his hands'", "to-*ʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition לְ (to) + masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'to God'" }, "variants": { "*ḥašmannîm*": "nobles/princes/ambassadors/envoys", "*tārîṣ*": "will cause to run/will stretch out/will extend" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.33", "source": "מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הָ֭אָרֶץ שִׁ֣ירוּ לֵאלֹהִ֑ים זַמְּר֖וּ אֲדֹנָ֣י סֶֽלָה׃", "text": "*mamləkôt* the-*ʾāreṣ* *šîrû* to-*ʾĕlōhîm* *zammərû* *ʾădōnāy* *selâ*", "grammar": { "*mamləkôt*": "feminine plural construct noun - 'kingdoms of'", "the-*ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - 'the earth'", "*šîrû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - 'sing'", "to-*ʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition לְ (to) + masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'to God'", "*zammərû*": "Piel imperative masculine plural - 'sing praises'", "*ʾădōnāy*": "divine title - 'Lord'", "*selâ*": "musical or liturgical term - 'Selah'" }, "variants": { "*mamləkôt*": "kingdoms/realms/dominions", "*zammərû*": "sing praises/make music/play instruments", "*selâ*": "pause/musical interlude/lift up" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.34", "source": "לָ֭רֹכֵב בִּשְׁמֵ֣י שְׁמֵי־קֶ֑דֶם הֵ֥ן יִתֵּ֥ן בְּ֝קוֹלוֹ ק֣וֹל עֹֽז׃", "text": "to-*rōkēb* *bi-šmê* *šmê*-*qedem* *hēn* *yittēn* *bə-qôlô* *qôl* *ʿōz*", "grammar": { "to-*rōkēb*": "preposition לְ (to) + Qal participle masculine singular - 'to him who rides'", "*bi-šmê*": "preposition בְּ (in) + masculine plural construct noun - 'in the heavens of'", "*šmê*": "masculine plural construct noun - 'heavens of'", "*qedem*": "masculine singular noun - 'antiquity/ancient time'", "*hēn*": "interjection - 'behold/lo'", "*yittēn*": "Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - 'he gives'", "*bə-qôlô*": "preposition בְּ (with) + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'with his voice'", "*qôl*": "masculine singular construct noun - 'voice of'", "*ʿōz*": "masculine singular noun - 'strength/might'" }, "variants": { "*rōkēb*": "rider/one who rides", "*šmê*-*qedem*": "heavens of old/ancient heavens/highest heavens", "*qôl* *ʿōz*": "voice of strength/mighty voice/powerful sound" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.35", "source": "תְּנ֥וּ עֹ֗ז לֵֽאלֹ֫הִ֥ים עַֽל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל גַּאֲוָת֑וֹ וְ֝עֻזּ֗וֹ בַּשְּׁחָקִֽים׃", "text": "*tənû* *ʿōz* to-*ʾĕlōhîm* upon-*yiśrāʾēl* *gaʾăwātô* *wə-ʿuzzô* *ba-ššəḥāqîm*", "grammar": { "*tənû*": "Qal imperative masculine plural - 'give'", "*ʿōz*": "masculine singular noun - 'strength'", "to-*ʾĕlōhîm*": "preposition לְ (to) + masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'to God'", "upon-*yiśrāʾēl*": "preposition עַל (over) + proper noun - 'over Israel'", "*gaʾăwātô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'his majesty'", "*wə-ʿuzzô*": "conjunction וְ (and) + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'and his strength'", "*ba-ššəḥāqîm*": "preposition בְּ (in) + definite article + masculine plural noun - 'in the clouds'" }, "variants": { "*gaʾăwātô*": "his majesty/his pride/his excellency", "*šəḥāqîm*": "clouds/skies/heaven" } }

{ "verseID": "Psalms.68.36", "source": "נ֤וֹרָ֥א אֱלֹהִ֗ים מִֽמִּקְדָּ֫שֶׁ֥יךָ אֵ֤ל יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל ה֤וּא נֹתֵ֨ן ׀ עֹ֖ז וְתַעֲצֻמ֥וֹת לָעָ֗ם בָּר֥וּךְ אֱלֹהִֽים׃", "text": "*nôrāʾ* *ʾĕlōhîm* from-*miqdāšekā* *ʾēl* *yiśrāʾēl* *hûʾ* *nōtēn* *ʿōz* *wə-taʿăṣumôt* to-the-*ʿām* *bārûk* *ʾĕlōhîm*", "grammar": { "*nôrāʾ*": "Niphal participle masculine singular - 'awesome/fearsome'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'", "from-*miqdāšekā*": "preposition מִן (from) + masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine singular possessive suffix - 'from your sanctuaries'", "*ʾēl*": "singular divine name - 'God of'", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - 'Israel'", "*hûʾ*": "3rd masculine singular personal pronoun - 'he'", "*nōtēn*": "Qal participle masculine singular - 'giving'", "*ʿōz*": "masculine singular noun - 'strength'", "*wə-taʿăṣumôt*": "conjunction וְ (and) + feminine plural noun - 'and might'", "to-the-*ʿām*": "preposition לְ (to) + definite article + masculine singular noun - 'to the people'", "*bārûk*": "Qal passive participle masculine singular - 'blessed'", "*ʾĕlōhîm*": "masculine plural noun with singular meaning - 'God'" }, "variants": { "*nôrāʾ*": "awesome/fearsome/terrible/dreadful", "*miqdāšekā*": "your sanctuaries/your holy places", "*taʿăṣumôt*": "might/power/strength" } }