1 Samuel 8:12

American Standard Version (1901)

and he will appoint them unto him for captains of thousands, and captains of fifties; and [he will set some] to plow his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and the instruments of his chariots.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְלָשׂ֣וּם ל֔וֹ שָׂרֵ֥י אֲלָפִ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֣י חֲמִשִּׁ֑ים וְלַחֲרֹ֤שׁ חֲרִישׁוֹ֙ וְלִקְצֹ֣ר קְצִיר֔וֹ וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת כְּלֵֽי־מִלְחַמְתּ֖וֹ וּכְלֵ֥י רִכְבּֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

And wəlāśûm to-him śārê ʾălāp̄îm and wəśārê ḥămiššîm; and wəlaḥărōš ḥărîšô and wəliqṣōr qəṣîrô, and wəlaʿăśôṯ kəlê-milḥamtô and ḵəlê riḵbô.

Grammar Details

• *wəlāśûm*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to appoint
• *śārê*: noun, masculine plural construct - commanders of
• *ʾălāp̄îm*: noun, masculine plural - thousands
• *wəśārê*: conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and commanders of
• *ḥămiššîm*: number, masculine plural - fifties
• *wəlaḥărōš*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to plow
• *ḥărîšô*: noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his plowing
• *wəliqṣōr*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to reap
• *qəṣîrô*: noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his harvest
• *wəlaʿăśôṯ*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to make
• *kəlê*: noun, masculine plural construct - instruments of
• *milḥamtô*: noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his war
• *ḵəlê*: noun, masculine plural construct - instruments of
• *riḵbô*: noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his chariot

Word Meanings

• *wəlāśûm*: to appoint/to make/to set
• *śārê*: captains/commanders/chiefs
• *ʾălāp̄îm*: thousands/military units
• *ḥămiššîm*: fifties/fifty-man units
• *wəlaḥărōš*: to plow/to till
• *wəliqṣōr*: to reap/to harvest
• *wəlaʿăśôṯ*: to make/to manufacture
• *kəlê-milḥamtô*: his weapons of war/implements of battle
• *ḵəlê riḵbô*: equipment for his chariots

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 22:7 : 7 And Saul said unto his servants that stood about him, Hear now, ye Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, will he make you all captains of thousands and captains of hundreds,
• 1 Kgs 4:7 : 7 And Solomon had twelve officers over all Israel, who provided victuals for the king and his household: each man had to make provision for a month in the year.
• 1 Kgs 4:22-23 : 22 And Solomon's provision for one day was thirty measures of fine flour, and threescore measures of meal, 23 ten fat oxen, and twenty oxen out of the pastures, and a hundred sheep, besides harts, and gazelles, and roebucks, and fatted fowl.
• 1 Kgs 4:27-28 : 27 And those officers provided victuals for king Solomon, and for all that came unto king Solomon's table, every man in his month; they let nothing be lacking. 28 Barley also and straw for the horses and swift steeds brought they unto the place where [the officers] were, every man according to his charge.
• 1 Chr 27:1-9 : 1 Now the children of Israel after their number, [to wit], the heads of fathers' [houses] and the captains of thousands and of hundreds, and their officers that served the king, in any matter of the courses which came in and went out month by month throughout all the months of the year--of every course were twenty and four thousand. 2 Over the first course for the first month was Jashobeam the son of Zabdiel: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 3 [ He was] of the children of Perez, the chief of all the captains of the host for the first month. 4 And over the course of the second month was Dodai the Ahohite, and his course; and Mikloth the ruler: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 5 The third captain of the host for the third month was Benaiah, the son of Jehoiada the priest, chief: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 6 This is that Benaiah, who was the mighty man of the thirty, and over the thirty: and [of] his course was Ammizabad his son. 7 The fourth [captain] for the fourth month was Asahel the brother of Joab, and Zebadiah his son after him: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 8 The fifth captain for this fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 9 The sixth [captain] for the sixth month was Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 10 The seventh [captain] for the seventh month was Helez the Pelonite, of the children of Ephraim: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 11 The eighth [captain] for the eighth month was Sibbecai the Hushathite, of the Zerahites: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 12 The ninth [captain] for the ninth month was Abiezer the Anathothite, of the Benjamites: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 13 The tenth [captain] for the tenth month was Maharai the Netophathite, of the Zerahites: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 14 The eleventh [captain] for the eleventh month was Benaiah the Pirathonite, of the children of Ephraim: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 15 The twelfth [captain] for the twelfth month was Heldai the Netophathite, of Othniel: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 16 Furthermore over the tribes of Israel: of the Reubenites was Eliezer the son of Zichri the ruler: of the Simeonites, Shephatiah the son of Maacah: 17 of Levi, Hashabiah the son of Kemuel: of Aaron, Zadok: 18 of Judah, Elihu, one of the brethren of David: of Issachar, Omri the son of Michael: 19 of Zebulun, Ishmaiah the son of Obadiah: of Naphtali, Jeremoth the son of Azriel: 20 of the children of Ephraim, Hoshea the son of Azaziah: of the half-[ tribe] of Manasseh, Joel the son of Pedaiah: 21 of the half-[ tribe] of Manasseh in Gilead, Iddo the son of Zechariah: of Benjamin, Jaasiel the son of Abner: 22 of Dan, Azarel the son of Jeroham. These were the captains of the tribes of Israel.
• 2 Chr 32:28-29 : 28 store-houses also for the increase of grain and new wine and oil; and stalls for all manner of beasts, and flocks in folds. 29 Moreover he provided him cities, and possessions of flocks and herds in abundance; for God had given him very much substance.