Exodus 15:14

American Standard Version (1901)

The peoples have heard, they tremble: Pangs have taken hold on the inhabitants of Philistia.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

שָֽׁמְע֥וּ עַמִּ֖ים יִרְגָּז֑וּן חִ֣יל אָחַ֔ז יֹשְׁבֵ֖י פְּלָֽשֶׁת׃

Transliteration

šāməʿū ʿammîm yirgāzūn ḥîl ʾāḥaz yōšəḇê pəlāšet

Grammar Details

• *šāməʿū*: qal perfect 3rd common plural - they heard
• *ʿammîm*: noun, masculine plural - peoples
• *yirgāzūn*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural + paragogic nun - they tremble
• *ḥîl*: noun, masculine singular - anguish
• *ʾāḥaz*: qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it seized
• *yōšəḇê*: qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of
• *pəlāšet*: proper noun - Philistia

Word Meanings

• *yirgāzūn*: they tremble/they are agitated/they are in anguish
• *ḥîl*: anguish/pain/trembling
• *ʾāḥaz*: seized/gripped/took hold of

Referenced Verses

• Deut 2:25 : 25 This day will I begin to put the dread of thee and the fear of thee upon the peoples that are under the whole heaven, who shall hear the report of thee, and shall tremble, and be in anguish because of thee.
• Josh 2:9-9 : 9 and she said unto the men, I know that Jehovah hath given you the land, and that the fear of you is fallen upon us, and that all the inhabitants of the land melt away before you. 10 For we have heard how Jehovah dried up the water of the Red Sea before you, when ye came out of Egypt; and what ye did unto the two kings of the Amorites, that were beyond the Jordan, unto Sihon and to Og, whom ye utterly destroyed.
• Josh 9:24 : 24 And they answered Joshua, and said, Because it was certainly told thy servants, how that Jehovah thy God commanded his servant Moses to give you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you; therefore we were sore afraid for our lives because of you, and have done this thing.
• Num 14:14 : 14 and they will tell it to the inhabitants of this land. They have heard that thou Jehovah art in the midst of this people; for thou Jehovah art seen face to face, and thy cloud standeth over them, and thou goest before them, in a pillar of cloud by day, and in a pillar of fire by night.
• Num 22:5 : 5 And he sent messengers unto Balaam the son of Beor, to Pethor, which is by the River, to the land of the children of his people, to call him, saying, Behold, there is a people come out from Egypt: behold, they cover the [ face of the earth, and they abide over against me.
• Deut 2:4-5 : 4 And command thou the people, saying, Ye are to pass through the border of your brethren the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir; and they will be afraid of you: take ye good heed unto yourselves therefore; 5 contend not with them; for I will not give you of their land, no, not so much as for the sole of the foot to tread on; because I have given mount Seir unto Esau for a possession.
• Ps 48:6 : 6 Trembling took hold of them there, Pain, as of a woman in travail.
• Isa 14:29 : 29 Rejoice not, O Philistia, all of thee, because the rod that smote thee is broken; for out of the serpent's root shall come forth an adder, and his fruit shall be a fiery flying serpent.
• Isa 14:31 : 31 Howl, O gate; cry, O city; thou art melted away, O Philistia, all of thee; for there cometh a smoke out of the north, and there is no straggler in his ranks.