Galatians 3:1

American Standard Version (1901)

O foolish Galatians, who did bewitch you, before whose eyes Jesus Christ was openly set forth crucified?

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

¶Ὦ ἀνόητοι Γαλάται, τίς ὑμᾶς ἐβάσκανεν, τῇ ἀληθείᾳ μὴ πείθεσθαι, οἷς κατʼ ὀφθαλμοὺς Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς προεγράφη, ἐν ὑμῖν ἐσταυρωμένος;

Transliteration

O anoētoi Galatai, who you ebaskanen, the alētheia not to peithesthai, before whose ophthalmous Iēsous Christos was proegraphē, among you having been estaurōmenos?

Grammar Details

• *anoētoi*: vocative, masculine, plural - foolish/unthinking
• *Galatai*: vocative, masculine, plural - Galatians
• *ebaskanen*: aorist, active, indicative, 3rd person, singular - bewitched/fascinated/cast evil eye upon
• *alētheia*: dative, feminine, singular - truth
• *peithesthai*: present, middle/passive, infinitive - to obey/be persuaded
• *ophthalmous*: accusative, masculine, plural - eyes
• *Iēsous*: nominative, masculine, singular - Jesus
• *Christos*: nominative, masculine, singular - Christ/Messiah/Anointed One
• *proegraphē*: aorist, passive, indicative, 3rd person, singular - was portrayed/publicly displayed/written beforehand
• *estaurōmenos*: perfect, passive, participle, nominative, masculine, singular - having been crucified

Word Meanings

• *anoētoi*: foolish/senseless/unthinking
• *ebaskanen*: bewitched/cast an evil eye upon/charmed/fascinated
• *peithesthai*: to obey/be persuaded/trust/comply with
• *proegraphē*: was portrayed publicly/was placarded/was written beforehand
• *estaurōmenos*: crucified/executed on a cross

Referenced Verses

• Heb 5:9 : 9 and having been made perfect, he became unto all them that obey him the author of eternal salvation;
• Heb 11:8 : 8 By faith Abraham, when he was called, obeyed to go out unto a place which he was to receive for an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing whither he went.
• 1 Pet 1:22 : 22 Seeing ye have purified your souls in your obedience to the truth unto unfeigned love of the brethren, love one another from the heart fervently:
• 1 Pet 4:17 : 17 For the time [is come] for judgment to begin at the house of God: and if [it begin] first at us, what [shall be] the end of them that obey not the gospel of God?
• 2 Pet 2:18 : 18 For, uttering great swelling [words] of vanity, they entice in the lusts of the flesh, by lasciviousness, those who are just escaping from them that live in error;
• Rev 2:20 : 20 But I have [this] against thee, that thou sufferest the woman Jezebel, who calleth herself a prophetess; and she teacheth and seduceth my servants to commit fornication, and to eat things sacrificed to idols.
• Rev 13:13-14 : 13 And he doeth great signs, that he should even make fire to come down out of heaven upon the earth in the sight of men. 14 And he deceiveth them that dwell on the earth by reason of the signs which it was given him to do in the sight of the beast; saying to them that dwell on the earth, that they should make an image to the beast who hath the stroke of the sword and lived.
• Rev 18:3 : 3 For by the wine of the wrath of her fornication all the nations are fallen; and the kings of the earth committed fornication with her, and the merchants of the earth waxed rich by the power of her wantonness.
• Deut 32:6 : 6 Do ye thus requite Jehovah, O foolish people and unwise? Is not he thy father that hath bought thee? He hath made thee, and established thee.
• 1 Sam 13:13 : 13 And Samuel said to Saul, Thou hast done foolishly; thou hast not kept the commandment of Jehovah thy God, which he commanded thee: for now would Jehovah have established thy kingdom upon Israel for ever.
• Matt 7:26 : 26 And every one that heareth these words of mine, and doeth them not, shall be likened unto a foolish man, who built his house upon the sand:
• Matt 24:24 : 24 For there shall arise false Christs, and false prophets, and shall show great signs and wonders; so as to lead astray, if possible, even the elect.
• Luke 24:25 : 25 And he said unto them, O foolish men, and slow of heart to believe in all that the prophets have spoken!
• Acts 6:7 : 7 And the word of God increased; and the number of the disciples multiplied in Jerusalem exceedingly; and a great company of the priests were obedient to the faith.
• Acts 8:9-9 : 9 But there was a certain man, Simon by name, who beforetime in the city used sorcery, and amazed the people of Samaria, giving out that himself was some great one: 10 to whom they all gave heed, from the least to the greatest, saying, This man is that power of God which is called Great. 11 And they gave heed to him, because that of long time he had amazed them with his sorceries.
• Rom 2:8 : 8 but unto them that are factious, and obey not the truth, but obey unrighteousness, [shall be] wrath and indignation,
• Rom 6:17 : 17 But thanks be to God, that, whereas ye were servants of sin, ye became obedient from the heart to that form of teaching whereunto ye were delivered;
• Rom 10:16 : 16 But they did not all hearken to the glad tidings. For Isaiah saith, Lord, who hath believed our report?
• 1 Cor 1:23-24 : 23 but we preach Christ crucified, unto Jews a stumblingblock, and unto Gentiles foolishness; 24 but unto them that are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God, and the wisdom of God.
• 1 Cor 2:2 : 2 For I determined not to know anything among you, save Jesus Christ, and him crucified.
• 1 Cor 11:26 : 26 For as often as ye eat this bread, and drink the cup, ye proclaim the Lord's death till he come.
• 2 Cor 10:5 : 5 casting down imaginations, and every high thing that is exalted against the knowledge of God, and bringing every thought into captivity to the obedience of Christ;
• 2 Cor 11:3 : 3 But I fear, lest by any means, as the serpent beguiled Eve in his craftiness, your minds should be corrupted from the simplicity and the purity that is toward Christ.
• 2 Cor 11:13-15 : 13 For such men are false apostles, deceitful workers, fashioning themselves into apostles of Christ. 14 And no marvel; for even Satan fashioneth himself into an angel of light. 15 It is no great thing therefore if his ministers also fashion themselves as ministers of righteousness, whose end shall be according to their works.
• Gal 1:6 : 6 I marvel that ye are so quickly removing from him that called you in the grace of Christ unto a different gospel;
• Gal 2:14 : 14 But when I saw that they walked not uprightly according to the truth of the gospel, I said unto Cephas before [them] all, If thou, being a Jew, livest as do the Gentiles, and not as do the Jews, how compellest thou the Gentiles to live as do the Jews?
• Gal 3:3 : 3 Are ye so foolish? having begun in the Spirit, are ye now perfected in the flesh?
• Gal 4:9 : 9 but now that ye have come to know God, or rather to be known by God, how turn ye back again to the weak and beggarly rudiments, whereunto ye desire to be in bondage over again?
• Gal 5:7-8 : 7 Ye were running well; who hindered you that ye should not obey the truth? 8 This persuasion [came] not of him that calleth you.
• Eph 3:8 : 8 Unto me, who am less than the least of all saints, was this grace given, to preach unto the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ;
• Eph 4:14 : 14 that we may be no longer children, tossed to and fro and carried about with every wind of doctrine, by the sleight of men, in craftiness, after the wiles of error;
• Eph 5:15 : 15 Look therefore carefully how ye walk, not as unwise, but as wise;
• 2 Thess 1:8 : 8 rendering vengeance to them that know not God, and to them that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus:
• 2 Thess 2:9-9 : 9 [ even he], whose coming is according to the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders, 10 and with all deceit of unrighteousness for them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved. 11 And for this cause God sendeth them a working of error, that they should believe a lie: 12 that they all might be judged who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness.
• 1 Tim 6:4 : 4 he is puffed up, knowing nothing, but doting about questionings and disputes of words, whereof cometh envy, strife, railings, evil surmisings,