Jeremiah 31:2

American Standard Version (1901)

Thus saith Jehovah, The people that were left of the sword found favor in the wilderness; even Israel, when I went to cause him to rest.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה מָצָ֥א חֵן֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר עַ֖ם שְׂרִ֣ידֵי חָ֑רֶב הָל֥וֹךְ לְהַרְגִּיע֖וֹ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

Transliteration

Thus ʾāmar YHWH, māṣāʾ ḥēn in the midbār ʿam śərîdê ḥāreb, hālôk to cause hargîʿô Yiśrāʾēl.

Grammar Details

• *ʾāmar*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said
• *YHWH*: proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh
• *māṣāʾ*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he found
• *ḥēn*: noun, masculine singular - grace/favor
• *midbār*: noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert
• *ʿam*: noun, masculine singular construct - people
• *śərîdê*: noun, masculine plural construct - survivors/remnant
• *ḥāreb*: noun, feminine singular - sword
• *hālôk*: verb, qal infinitive absolute - going/walking
• *hargîʿô*: verb, hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to give rest to him
• *Yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel

Word Meanings

• *ḥēn*: grace/favor/kindness
• *midbār*: wilderness/desert/wasteland
• *śərîdê*: survivors/remnant/those who escaped
• *ḥāreb*: sword/warfare/destruction
• *hālôk*: going/walking/proceeding
• *hargîʿô*: to give rest to/to cause to rest/to find repose

Referenced Verses

• Ps 95:11 : 11 Wherefore I sware in my wrath, That they should not enter into my rest.
• Num 10:33 : 33 And they set forward from the mount of Jehovah three days' journey; and the ark of the covenant of Jehovah went before them three days' journey, to seek out a resting-place for them.
• Deut 1:33 : 33 who went before you in the way, to seek you out a place to pitch your tents in, in fire by night, to show you by what way ye should go, and in the cloud by day.
• Deut 2:7 : 7 For Jehovah thy God hath blessed thee in all the work of thy hand; he hath known thy walking through this great wilderness: these forty years Jehovah thy God hath been with thee; thou hast lacked nothing.
• Deut 8:2-3 : 2 And thou shalt remember all the way which Jehovah thy God hath led thee these forty years in the wilderness, that he might humble thee, to prove thee, to know what was in thy heart, whether thou wouldest keep his commandments, or not. 3 And he humbled thee, and suffered thee to hunger, and fed thee with manna, which thou knewest not, neither did thy fathers know; that he might make thee know that man doth not live by bread only, but by everything that proceedeth out of the mouth of Jehovah doth man live.
• Deut 8:16 : 16 who fed thee in the wilderness with manna, which thy fathers knew not; that he might humble thee, and that he might prove thee, to do thee good at thy latter end:
• Deut 12:9 : 9 for ye are not as yet come to the rest and to the inheritance, which Jehovah thy God giveth thee.
• Neh 9:12-15 : 12 Moreover in a pillar of cloud thou leddest them by day; and in a pillar of fire by night, to give them light in the way wherein they should go. 13 Thou camest down also upon mount Sinai, and spakest with them from heaven, and gavest them right ordinances and true laws, good statutes and commandments, 14 and madest known unto them thy holy sabbath, and commandedst them commandments, and statutes, and a law, by Moses thy servant, 15 and gavest them bread from heaven for their hunger, and broughtest forth water for them out of the rock for their thirst, and commandedst them that they should go in to possess the land which thou hadst sworn to give them.
• Ps 78:14-16 : 14 In the day-time also he led them with a cloud, And all the night with a light of fire. 15 He clave rocks in the wilderness, And gave them drink abundantly as out of the depths. 16 He brought streams also out of the rock, And caused waters to run down like rivers.
• Ps 78:23-29 : 23 Yet he commanded the skies above, And opened the doors of heaven; 24 And he rained down manna upon them to eat, And gave them food from heaven. 25 Man did eat the bread of the mighty: He sent them food to the full. 26 He caused the east wind to blow in the heavens; And by his power he guided the south wind. 27 He rained flesh also upon them as the dust, And winged birds as the sand of the seas: 28 And he let it fall in the midst of their camp, Round about their habitations. 29 So they did eat, and were well filled; And he gave them their own desire.
• Ps 78:52 : 52 But he led forth his own people like sheep, And guided them in the wilderness like a flock.
• Exod 1:16 : 16 and he said, When ye do the office of a midwife to the Hebrew women, and see them upon the birth-stool; if it be a son, then ye shall kill him; but if it be a daughter, then she shall live.
• Exod 1:22 : 22 And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.
• Exod 2:23 : 23 And it came to pass in the course of those many days, that the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage.
• Exod 5:21 : 21 and they said unto them, Jehovah look upon you, and judge; because ye have made our savor to be abhorred in the eyes of Pharaoh, and in the eyes of his servants, to put a sword in their hand to slay us.
• Exod 12:37 : 37 And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, besides children.
• Exod 14:8-9 : 8 And Jehovah hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he pursued after the children of Israel: for the children of Israel went out with a high hand. 9 And the Egyptians pursued after them, all the horses [and] chariots of Pharaoh, and his horsemen, and his army, and overtook them encamping by the sea, beside Pi-hahiroth, before Baal-zephon. 10 And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians were marching after them; and they were sore afraid: and the children of Israel cried out unto Jehovah. 11 And they said unto Moses, Because there were no graves in Egypt, hast thou taken us away to die in the wilderness? wherefore hast thou dealt thus with us, to bring us forth out of Egypt? 12 Is not this the word that we spake unto thee in Egypt, saying, Let us alone, that we may serve the Egyptians? For it were better for us to serve the Egyptians, than that we should die in the wilderness.
• Exod 15:9-9 : 9 The enemy said, I will pursue, I will overtake, I will divide the spoil; My desire shall be satisfied upon them; I will draw my sword, my hand shall destroy them. 10 Thou didst blow with thy wind, the sea covered them: They sank as lead in the mighty waters.
• Exod 17:8-9 : 8 Then came Amalek, and fought with Israel in Rephidim. 9 And Moses said unto Joshua, Choose us out men, and go out, fight with Amalek: to-morrow I will stand on the top of the hill with the rod of God in my hand. 10 So Joshua did as Moses had said to him, and fought with Amalek: and Moses, Aaron, and Hur went up to the top of the hill. 11 And it came to pass, when Moses held up his hand, that Israel prevailed; and when he let down his hand, Amalek prevailed. 12 But Moses' hands were heavy; and they took a stone, and put it under him, and he sat thereon; and Aaron and Hur stayed up his hands, the one on the one side, and the other on the other side; And his hands were steady until the going down of the sun. 13 And Joshua discomfited Amalek and his people with the edge of the sword.
• Exod 33:14 : 14 And he said, My presence shall go [with thee], and I will give thee rest.
• Num 14:20 : 20 And Jehovah said, I have pardoned according to thy word:
• Deut 1:30 : 30 Jehovah your God who goeth before you, he will fight for you, according to all that he did for you in Egypt before your eyes,
• Ps 105:37-43 : 37 And he brought them forth with silver and gold; And there was not one feeble person among his tribes. 38 Egypt was glad when they departed; For the fear of them had fallen upon them. 39 He spread a cloud for a covering, And fire to give light in the night. 40 They asked, and he brought quails, And satisfied them with the bread of heaven. 41 He opened the rock, and waters gushed out; They ran in the dry places [like] a river. 42 For he remembered his holy word, [And] Abraham his servant. 43 And he brought forth his people with joy, [And] his chosen with singing.
• Ps 136:16-24 : 16 To him that led his people through the wilderness; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever: 17 To him that smote great kings; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever; 18 And slew famous kings; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever: 19 Sihon king of the Amorites; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever; 20 And Og king of Bashan; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever; 21 And gave their land for a heritage; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever; 22 Even a heritage unto Israel his servant; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever: 23 Who remembered us in our low estate; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever; 24 And hath delivered us from our adversaries; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever:
• Isa 63:7-9 : 7 I will make mention of the lovingkindnesses of Jehovah, [and] the praises of Jehovah, according to all that Jehovah hath bestowed on us, and the great goodness toward the house of Israel, which he hath bestowed on them according to his mercies, and according to the multitude of his lovingkindnesses. 8 For he said, Surely, they are my people, children that will not deal falsely: so he was their Saviour. 9 In all their affliction he was afflicted, and the angel of his presence saved them: in his love and in his pity he redeemed them; and he bare them, and carried them all the days of old. 10 But they rebelled, and grieved his holy Spirit: therefore he was turned to be their enemy, [and] himself fought against them. 11 Then he remembered the days of old, Moses [and] his people, [saying], Where is he that brought them up out of the sea with the shepherds of his flock? where is he that put his holy Spirit in the midst of them? 12 that caused his glorious arm to go at the right hand of Moses? that divided the waters before them, to make himself an everlasting name? 13 that led them through the depths, as a horse in the wilderness, so that they stumbled not? 14 As the cattle that go down into the valley, the Spirit of Jehovah caused them to rest; so didst thou lead thy people, to make thyself a glorious name.
• Jer 2:2 : 2 Go, and cry in the ears of Jerusalem, saying, Thus saith Jehovah, I remember for thee the kindness of thy youth, the love of thine espousals; how thou wentest after me in the wilderness, in a land that was not sown.
• Ezek 20:14-17 : 14 But I wrought for my name's sake, that it should not be profaned in the sight of the nations, in whose sight I brought them out. 15 Moreover also I sware unto them in the wilderness, that I would not bring them into the land which I had given them, flowing with milk and honey, which is the glory of all lands; 16 because they rejected mine ordinances, and walked not in my statutes, and profaned my sabbaths: for their heart went after their idols. 17 Nevertheless mine eye spared them, and I destroyed them not, neither did I make a full end of them in the wilderness.
• Matt 11:28 : 28 Come unto me, all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.
• Heb 4:8-9 : 8 For if Joshua had given them rest, he would not have spoken afterward of another day. 9 There remaineth therefore a sabbath rest for the people of God.