Leviticus 23:3

American Standard Version (1901)

Six days shall work be done: but on the seventh day is a sabbath of solemn rest, a holy convocation; ye shall do no manner of work: it is a sabbath unto Jehovah in all your dwellings.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִים֮ תֵּעָשֶׂ֣ה מְלָאכָה֒ וּבַיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י שַׁבַּ֤ת שַׁבָּתוֹן֙ מִקְרָא־קֹ֔דֶשׁ כָּל־מְלָאכָ֖ה לֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֑וּ שַׁבָּ֥ת הִוא֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה בְּכֹ֖ל מֽוֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶֽם׃

Transliteration

šēšet yāmîm tēʿāśeh məlāʾkāh û-ḇayyôm haššəḇîʿî šabbat šabbātôn miqrāʾ-qōdeš kol-məlāʾkāh lōʾ taʿăśû šabbāt hîʾ la-YHWH bə-ḵōl môšəḇōtêḵem

Grammar Details

• *šēšet*: cardinal number, construct form - six (of)
• *yāmîm*: noun, masculine plural - days
• *tēʿāśeh*: Niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - shall be done/performed
• *məlāʾkāh*: noun, feminine singular - work/labor/occupation
• *û-ḇayyôm*: conjunction + preposition + article + noun, masculine singular - and on the day
• *haššəḇîʿî*: article + ordinal number, masculine singular - the seventh
• *šabbat*: noun, feminine singular - sabbath/rest
• *šabbātôn*: noun, masculine singular - complete rest/solemn rest
• *miqrāʾ*: noun, masculine singular, construct - convocation/assembly of
• *qōdeš*: noun, masculine singular - holiness/sacredness
• *kol*: noun, masculine singular, construct - all/any of
• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *taʿăśû*: Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall do/perform
• *šabbāt*: noun, feminine singular - sabbath/rest
• *hîʾ*: 3rd person feminine singular pronoun - it/she
• *la-YHWH*: preposition + divine name - to/for YHWH
• *bə-ḵōl*: preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in all of
• *môšəḇōtêḵem*: noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine plural suffix - your dwelling places/settlements

Word Meanings

• *məlāʾkāh*: work/labor/occupation/craftsmanship/business
• *šabbat*: rest/cessation/sabbath
• *šabbātôn*: complete rest/solemn rest/sabbath observance
• *miqrāʾ*-*qōdeš*: holy convocation/sacred assembly/holy gathering

Referenced Verses

• Lev 19:3 : 3 Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father; and ye shall keep my sabbaths: I am Jehovah your God.
• Exod 23:12 : 12 Six days thou shalt do thy work, and on the seventh day thou shalt rest; that thine ox and thine ass may have rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the sojourner, may be refreshed.
• Luke 13:14 : 14 And the ruler of the synagogue, being moved with indignation because Jesus had healed on the sabbath, answered and said to the multitude, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the day of the sabbath.
• Exod 34:21 : 21 Six days thou shalt work, but on the seventh day thou shalt rest: in plowing time and in harvest thou shalt rest.
• Exod 35:2-3 : 2 Six days shall work be done; but on the seventh day there shall be to you a holy day, a sabbath of solemn rest to Jehovah: whosoever doeth any work therein shall be put to death. 3 Ye shall kindle no fire throughout your habitations upon the sabbath day.
• Exod 20:8-9 : 8 Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. 9 Six days shalt thou labor, and do all thy work; 10 but the seventh day is a sabbath unto Jehovah thy God: [in it] thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates: 11 for in six days Jehovah made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore Jehovah blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.
• Luke 23:56 : 56 And they returned, and prepared spices and ointments. And on the sabbath they rested according to the commandment.
• Acts 15:21 : 21 For Moses from generations of old hath in every city them that preach him, being read in the synagogues every sabbath.
• Rev 1:10 : 10 I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and I heard behind me a great voice, as of a trumpet
• Exod 31:13-17 : 13 Speak thou also unto the children of Israel, saying, Verily ye shall keep my sabbaths: for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations; that ye may know that I am Jehovah who sanctifieth you. 14 Ye shall keep the sabbath therefore; for it is holy unto you: every one that profaneth it shall surely be put to death; for whosoever doeth any work therein, that soul shall be cut off from among his people. 15 Six days shall work be done; but on the seventh day is a sabbath of solemn rest, holy to Jehovah; whosoever doeth any work on the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death. 16 Wherefore the children of Israel shall keep the sabbath, to observe the sabbath throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant. 17 It is a sign between me and the children of Israel for ever: for in six days Jehovah made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed.
• Exod 16:23 : 23 And he said unto them, This is that which Jehovah hath spoken, To-morrow is a solemn rest, a holy sabbath unto Jehovah: bake that which ye will bake, and boil that which ye will boil; and all that remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.
• Exod 16:29 : 29 See, for that Jehovah hath given you the sabbath, therefore he giveth you on the sixth day the bread of two days; abide ye every man in his place, let no man go out of his place on the seventh day.
• Deut 5:13-14 : 13 Six days shalt thou labor, and do all thy work; 14 but the seventh day is a sabbath unto Jehovah thy God: [in it] thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, nor thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thine ox, nor thine ass, nor any of thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates; that thy man-servant and thy maid-servant may rest as well as thou.
• Isa 56:2 : 2 Blessed is the man that doeth this, and the son of man that holdeth it fast; that keepeth the sabbath from profaning it, and keepeth his hand from doing any evil.
• Isa 56:6 : 6 Also the foreigners that join themselves to Jehovah, to minister unto him, and to love the name of Jehovah, to be his servants, every one that keepeth the sabbath from profaning it, and holdeth fast my covenant;
• Isa 58:13 : 13 If thou turn away thy foot from the sabbath, from doing thy pleasure on my holy day; and call the sabbath a delight, [and] the holy of Jehovah honorable; and shalt honor it, not doing thine own ways, nor finding thine own pleasure, nor speaking [thine own] words: