Leviticus 26:17

American Standard Version (1901)

And I will set my face against you, and ye shall be smitten before your enemies: they that hate you shall rule over you; and ye shall flee when none pursueth you.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְנָתַתִּ֤י פָנַי֙ בָּכֶ֔ם וְנִגַּפְתֶּ֖ם לִפְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֵיכֶ֑ם וְרָד֤וּ בָכֶם֙ שֹֽׂנְאֵיכֶ֔ם וְנַסְתֶּ֖ם וְאֵין־רֹדֵ֥ף אֶתְכֶֽם׃

Transliteration

And-nātattî pānay against-you and-niggaptem before ʾōyebêkem and-rādû in-you śōneʾêkem and-nastem and-ʾên-rōdēp ʾetkem

Grammar Details

• *nātattî*: verb, qal perfect, 1st person singular with waw consecutive - and I will set
• *pānay*: noun, masculine plural + 1st person singular suffix - my face
• *niggaptem*: verb, niphal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you will be struck down
• *ʾōyebêkem*: verb, qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your enemies
• *rādû*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural with waw consecutive - and they will rule
• *śōneʾêkem*: verb, qal participle, masculine plural + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - those who hate you
• *nastem*: verb, qal perfect, 2nd person masculine plural with waw consecutive - and you will flee
• *ʾên*: particle of negation - there is not
• *rōdēp*: verb, qal participle, masculine singular - pursuer
• *ʾetkem*: direct object marker + 2nd person masculine plural suffix - you

Word Meanings

• *pānay*: my face/my presence/my attention
• *niggaptem*: be struck down/be defeated/be smitten
• *rādû*: rule over/dominate/have dominion over
• *śōneʾêkem*: those who hate you/your haters/your enemies
• *nastem*: flee/run away/escape

Referenced Verses

• Prov 28:1 : 1 The wicked flee when no man pursueth; But the righteous are bold as a lion.
• Deut 28:25 : 25 Jehovah will cause thee to be smitten before thine enemies; thou shalt go out one way against them, and shalt flee seven ways before them: and thou shalt be tossed to and from among all the kingdoms of the earth.
• Lev 17:10 : 10 And whatsoever man there be of the house of Israel, or of the strangers that sojourn among them, that eateth any manner of blood, I will set my face against that soul that eateth blood, and will cut him off from among his people.
• Ps 53:5 : 5 There were they in great fear, where no fear was; For God hath scattered the bones of him that encampeth against thee: Thou hast put them to shame, because of God hath rejected them.
• Judg 2:14 : 14 And the anger of Jehovah was kindled against Israel, and he delivered them into the hands of spoilers that despoiled them; and he sold them into the hands of their enemies round about, so that they could not any longer stand before their enemies.
• Jer 19:7 : 7 And I will make void the counsel of Judah and Jerusalem in this place; and I will cause them to fall by the sword before their enemies, and by the hand of them that seek their life: and their dead bodies will I give to be food for the birds of the heavens, and for the beasts of the earth.
• Lam 1:5 : 5 Her adversaries are become the head, her enemies prosper; For Jehovah hath afflicted her for the multitude of her transgressions: Her young children are gone into captivity before the adversary.
• 1 Sam 4:10 : 10 And the Philistines fought, and Israel was smitten, and they fled every man to his tent: and there was a very great slaughter; for there fell of Israel thirty thousand footmen.
• 1 Sam 31:1 : 1 Now the Philistines fought against Israel: and the men of Israel fled from before the Philistines, and fell down slain in mount Gilboa.
• Neh 9:27-30 : 27 Therefore thou deliveredst them into the hand of their adversaries, who distressed them: and in the time of their trouble, when they cried unto thee, thou heardest from heaven; and according to thy manifold mercies thou gavest them saviours who saved them out of the hand of their adversaries. 28 But after they had rest, they did evil again before thee; therefore leftest thou them in the hand of their enemies, so that they had the dominion over them: yet when they returned, and cried unto thee, thou heardest from heaven; and many times didst thou deliver them according to thy mercies, 29 and testifiedst against them, that thou mightest bring them again unto thy law. Yet they dealt proudly, and hearkened not unto thy commandments, but sinned against thine ordinances, (which if a man do, he shall live in them), and withdrew the shoulder, and hardened their neck, and would not hear. 30 Yet many years didst thou bear with them, and testifiedst against them by thy Spirit through thy prophets: yet would they not give ear: therefore gavest thou them into the hand of the peoples of the lands.
• Ps 68:1-2 : 1 [For the Chief Musician; A Psalm of David, a Song]. Let God arise, let his enemies be scattered; Let them also that hate him flee before him. 2 As smoke is driven away, so drive them away: As wax melteth before the fire, So let the wicked perish at the presence of God.
• Ps 106:41-42 : 41 And he gave them into the hand of the nations; And they that hated them ruled over them. 42 Their enemies also oppressed them, And they were brought into subjection under their hand.
• Lev 20:5-6 : 5 then I will set my face against that man, and against his family, and will cut him off, and all that play the harlot after him, to play the harlot with Molech, from among their people. 6 And the soul that turneth unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto the wizards, to play the harlot after them, I will even set my face against that soul, and will cut him off from among his people.
• Lev 26:36-37 : 36 And as for them that are left of you, I will send a faintness into their heart in the lands of their enemies: and the sound of a driven leaf shall chase them; and they shall flee, as one fleeth from the sword; and they shall fall when none pursueth. 37 And they shall stumble one upon another, as it were before the sword, when none pursueth: and ye shall have no power to stand before your enemies.