Leviticus 26:31

American Standard Version (1901)

And I will make your cities a waste, and will bring your sanctuaries unto desolation, and I will not smell the savor of your sweet odors.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־עָֽרֵיכֶם֙ חָרְבָּ֔ה וַהֲשִׁמּוֹתִ֖י אֶת־מִקְדְּשֵׁיכֶ֑ם וְלֹ֣א אָרִ֔יחַ בְּרֵ֖יחַ נִיחֹֽחֲכֶֽם׃

Transliteration

And wə-nāṯattî ʾet-ʿārêḵem ḥorḇâ and wa-hăšimmôṯî ʾet-miqdəšêḵem and wə-lōʾ ʾārîaḥ in bə-rêaḥ nîḥōḥăḵem.

Grammar Details

• *wə-nāṯattî*: conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will make
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *ʿārêḵem*: feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cities
• *ḥorḇâ*: feminine singular noun - waste/desolation
• *wa-hăšimmôṯî*: conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make desolate
• *miqdəšêḵem*: masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sanctuaries
• *wə-lōʾ*: conjunction + negative particle - and not
• *ʾārîaḥ*: Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will smell
• *bə-rêaḥ*: preposition + masculine singular construct - in odor of
• *nîḥōḥăḵem*: masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your pleasing (offerings)

Word Meanings

• *nāṯattî*: give/make/set
• *ʿārêḵem*: your cities/towns
• *ḥorḇâ*: waste/ruin/desolation
• *hăšimmôṯî*: make desolate/lay waste
• *miqdəšêḵem*: your sanctuaries/holy places
• *ʾārîaḥ*: smell/perceive odor
• *rêaḥ*: odor/scent/smell
• *nîḥōḥăḵem*: your pleasant/sweet/pleasing (offerings)

Referenced Verses

• Neh 2:3 : 3 And I said unto the king, Let the king live for ever: why should not my countenance be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' sepulchres, lieth waste, and the gates thereof are consumed with fire?
• 2 Kgs 25:4-9 : 4 Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war [fled] by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden (now the Chaldeans were against the city round about); and [the king] went by the way of the Arabah. 5 But the army of the Chaldeans pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho; and all his army was scattered from him. 6 Then they took the king, and carried him up unto the king of Babylon to Riblah; and they gave judgment upon him. 7 And they slew the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and put out the eyes of Zedekiah, and bound him in fetters, and carried him to Babylon. 8 Now in the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month, which was the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, unto Jerusalem. 9 And he burnt the house of Jehovah, and the king's house; and all the houses of Jerusalem, even every great house, burnt he with fire. 10 And all the army of the Chaldeans, that were [with] the captain of the guard, brake down the walls of Jerusalem round about.
• Isa 1:11-14 : 11 What unto me is the multitude of your sacrifices? saith Jehovah: I have had enough of the burnt-offerings of rams, and the fat of fed beasts; and I delight not in the blood of bullocks, or of lambs, or of he-goats. 12 When ye come to appear before me, who hath required this at your hand, to trample my courts? 13 Bring no more vain oblations; incense is an abomination unto me; new moon and sabbath, the calling of assemblies,-- I cannot away with iniquity and the solemn meeting. [ 14 Your new moons and your appointed feasts my soul hateth; they are a trouble unto me; I am weary of bearing them.
• Jer 4:7 : 7 A lion is gone up from his thicket, and a destroyer of nations; he is on his way, he is gone forth from his place, to make thy land desolate, that thy cities be laid waste, without inhabitant.
• Ezek 9:6 : 6 slay utterly the old man, the young man and the virgin, and little children and women; but come not near any man upon whom is the mark: and begin at my sanctuary. Then they began at the old men that were before the house.
• Amos 5:21-23 : 21 I hate, I despise your feasts, and I will take no delight in your solemn assemblies. 22 Yea, though ye offer me your burnt-offerings and meal-offerings, I will not accept them; neither will I regard the peace-offerings of your fat beasts. 23 Take thou away from me the noise of thy songs; for I will not hear the melody of thy viols.
• Lam 1:10 : 10 The adversary hath spread out his hand upon all her pleasant things: For she hath seen that the nations are entered into her sanctuary, Concerning whom thou didst command that they should not enter into thine assembly.
• Lam 2:7 : 7 The Lord hath cast off his altar, he hath abhorred his sanctuary; He hath given up into the hand of the enemy the walls of her palaces: They have made a noise in the house of Jehovah, as in the day of a solemn assembly.
• Heb 10:26 : 26 For if we sin wilfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more a sacrifice for sins,
• Gen 8:21 : 21 And Jehovah smelled the sweet savor; and Jehovah said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man's sake, for that the imagination of man's heart is evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any more everything living, as I have done.
• Ezek 6:6 : 6 In all your dwelling-places the cities shall be laid waste, and the high places shall be desolate; that your altars may be laid waste and made desolate, and your idols may be broken and cease, and your sun-images may be hewn down, and your works may be abolished.
• Mic 3:12 : 12 Therefore shall Zion for your sake be plowed as a field, and Jerusalem shall become heaps, and the mountain of the house as the high places of a forest.
• Matt 24:1-2 : 1 And Jesus went out from the temple, and was going on his way; and his disciples came to him to show him the buildings of the temple. 2 But he answered and said unto them, See ye not all these things? verily I say unto you, There shall not be left here one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down.
• Luke 21:5-6 : 5 And as some spake of the temple, how it was adorned with goodly stones and offerings, he said, 6 As for these things which ye behold, the days will come, in which there shall not be left here one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down.
• Luke 21:24 : 24 And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led captive into all the nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.
• Acts 6:14 : 14 for we have heard him say, that this Jesus of Nazareth shall destroy this place, and shall change the customs which Moses delivered unto us.
• Ezek 21:7 : 7 And it shall be, when they say unto thee, Wherefore sighest thou? that thou shalt say, Because of the tidings, for it cometh; and every heart shall melt, and all hands shall be feeble, and every spirit shall faint, and all knees shall be weak as water: behold, it cometh, and it shall be done, saith the Lord Jehovah.
• Ezek 21:15 : 15 I have set the threatening sword against all their gates, that their heart may melt, and their stumblings be multiplied: ah! it is made as lightning, it is pointed for slaughter.
• Ezek 24:21 : 21 Speak unto the house of Israel, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah: Behold, I will profane my sanctuary, the pride of your power, the desire of your eyes, and that which your soul pitieth; and your sons and your daughters whom ye have left behind shall fall by the sword.
• Jer 9:11 : 11 And I will make Jerusalem heaps, a dwelling-place of jackals; and I will make the cities of Judah a desolation, without inhabitant.
• Jer 22:5 : 5 But if ye will not hear these words, I swear by myself, saith Jehovah, that this house shall become a desolation.
• Jer 26:6 : 6 then will I make this house like Shiloh, and will make this city a curse to all the nations of the earth.
• Jer 26:9 : 9 Why hast thou prophesied in the name of Jehovah, saying, This house shall be like Shiloh, and this city shall be desolate, without inhabitant? And all the people were gathered unto Jeremiah in the house of Jehovah.
• Jer 52:13 : 13 and he burned the house of Jehovah, and the king's house; and all the houses of Jerusalem, even every great house, burned he with fire.
• Lam 1:1 : 1 How doth the city sit solitary, that was full of people! She is become as a widow, that was great among the nations! She that was a princess among the provinces is become tributary!
• Isa 24:10-12 : 10 The waste city is broken down; every house is shut up, that no man may come in. 11 There is a crying in the streets because of the wine; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone. 12 In the city is left desolation, and the gate is smitten with destruction.
• Isa 66:3 : 3 He that killeth an ox is as he that slayeth a man; he that sacrificeth a lamb, as he that breaketh a dog's neck; he that offereth an oblation, [as he that offereth] swine's blood; he that [ burneth frankincense, as he that blesseth an idol. Yea, they have chosen their own ways, and their soul delighteth in their abominations:
• 2 Chr 36:19 : 19 And they burnt the house of God, and brake down the wall of Jerusalem, and burnt all the palaces thereof with fire, and destroyed all the goodly vessels thereof.
• Neh 2:17 : 17 Then said I unto them, Ye see the evil case that we are in, how Jerusalem lieth waste, and the gates thereof are burned with fire: come, and let us build up the wall of Jerusalem, that we be no more a reproach.
• Ps 74:3-8 : 3 Lift up thy feet unto the perpetual ruins, All the evil that the enemy hath done in the sanctuary. 4 Thine adversaries have roared in the midst of thine assembly; They have set up their ensigns for signs. 5 They seemed as men that lifted up Axes upon a thicket of trees. 6 And now all the carved work thereof They break down with hatchet and hammers. 7 They have set thy sanctuary on fire; They have profaned the dwelling-place of thy name [by casting it] to the ground. 8 They said in their heart, Let us make havoc of them altogether: They have burned up all the synagogues of God in the land.
• Isa 1:7 : 7 Your country is desolate; your cities are burned with fire; your land, strangers devour it in your presence, and it is desolate, as overthrown by strangers.