Revelation 1:4

American Standard Version (1901)

John to the seven churches that are in Asia: Grace to you and peace, from him who is and who was and who is to come; and from the seven Spirits that are before his throne;

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ἰωάννης ταῖς ἑπτὰ ἐκκλησίαις ταῖς ἐν τῇ Ἀσίᾳ: χάρις ὑμῖν, καὶ εἰρήνη, ἀπὸ τοῦ ὁ ὢν, καὶ ὁ ἦν, καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος· καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ἑπτὰ Πνευμάτων ἃ ἐστιν ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου αὐτοῦ·

Transliteration

Iōannēs to the hepta ekklēsiais to the ones in the Asia: charis to you, and eirēnē, from the one ōn, and the one who ēn, and the one erchomenos; and from the hepta Pneumatōn which estin enōpion of the thronou of him;

Grammar Details

• *Iōannēs*: nominative, masculine, singular - John
• *hepta*: numeral - seven
• *ekklēsiais*: dative, feminine, plural - churches/assemblies
• *Asia*: dative, feminine, singular - Asia
• *charis*: nominative, feminine, singular - grace
• *eirēnē*: nominative, feminine, singular - peace
• *ōn*: present active participle, nominative, masculine, singular - being/is
• *ēn*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was
• *erchomenos*: present middle participle, nominative, masculine, singular - coming
• *Pneumatōn*: genitive, neuter, plural - Spirits
• *estin*: present active indicative, 3rd singular - is/are
• *enōpion*: preposition - before/in the presence of
• *thronou*: genitive, masculine, singular - throne

Word Meanings

• *ekklēsiais*: churches/assemblies/congregations
• *Pneumatōn*: Spirits/spiritual beings
• *enōpion*: before/in the presence of/in front of

Referenced Verses

• Rev 3:1 : 1 And to the angel of the church in Sardis write: These things saith he that hath the seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars: I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and thou art dead.
• Rev 4:5 : 5 And out of the throne proceed lightnings and voices and thunders. And [there were] seven lamps of fire burning before the throne, which are the seven Spirits of God;
• Isa 11:2 : 2 And the Spirit of Jehovah shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of Jehovah.
• Rev 5:6 : 6 And I saw in the midst of the throne and of the four living creatures, and in the midst of the elders, a Lamb standing, as though it had been slain, having seven horns, and seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God, sent forth into all the earth.
• Zech 4:10 : 10 For who hath despised the day of small things? for these seven shall rejoice, and shall see the plummet in the hand of Zerubbabel; [these are] the eyes of Jehovah, which run to and fro through the whole earth.
• Rev 1:8 : 8 I am the Alpha and the Omega, saith the Lord God, who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty.
• Heb 1:10-13 : 10 And, Thou, Lord, in the beginning didst lay the foundation of the earth, And the heavens are the works of thy hands: 11 They shall perish; but thou continuest: And they all shall wax old as doth a garment; 12 And as a mantle shalt thou roll them up, As a garment, and they shall be changed: But thou art the same, And thy years shall not fail. 13 But of which of the angels hath he said at any time, Sit thou on my right hand, Till I make thine enemies the footstool of thy feet?
• Heb 13:8 : 8 Jesus Christ [is] the same yesterday and to-day, [yea] and for ever.
• Rom 1:7 : 7 To all that are in Rome, beloved of God, called [to be] saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
• Isa 41:4 : 4 Who hath wrought and done it, calling the generations from the beginning? I, Jehovah, the first, and with the last, I am he.
• Zech 3:9 : 9 For, behold, the stone that I have set before Joshua; upon one stone are seven eyes: behold, I will engrave the graving thereof, saith Jehovah of hosts, and I will remove the iniquity of that land in one day.
• Rev 4:8 : 8 and the four living creatures, having each one of them six wings, are full of eyes round about and within: and they have no rest day and night, saying, Holy, holy, holy, [is] the Lord God, the Almighty, who was and who is and who is to come.
• Rev 3:7 : 7 And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write: These things saith he that is holy, he that is true, he that hath the key of David, he that openeth and none shall shut, and that shutteth and none openeth:
• Rev 1:20-2:1 : 20 the mystery of the seven stars which thou sawest in my right hand, and the seven golden candlesticks. The seven stars are the angels of the seven churches: and the seven candlesticks are seven churches. 1 To the angel of the church in Ephesus write: These things saith he that holdeth the seven stars in his right hand, he that walketh in the midst of the seven golden candlesticks:
• Ps 90:2 : 2 Before the mountains were brought forth, Or ever thou hadst formed the earth and the world, Even from everlasting to everlasting, thou art God.
• Ps 102:25-27 : 25 Of old didst thou lay the foundation of the earth; And the heavens are the work of thy hands. 26 They shall perish, but thou shalt endure; Yea, all of them shall wax old like a garment; As a vesture shalt thou change them, and they shall be changed: 27 But thou art the same, And thy years shall have no end.
• 1 Cor 1:3 : 3 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
• 1 Cor 12:4-9 : 4 Now there are diversities of gifts, but the same Spirit. 5 And there are diversities of ministrations, and the same Lord. 6 And there are diversities of workings, but the same God, who worketh all things in all. 7 But to each one is given the manifestation of the Spirit to profit withal. 8 For to one is given through the Spirit the word of wisdom; and to another the word of knowledge, according to the same Spirit: 9 to another faith, in the same Spirit; and to another gifts of healings, in the one Spirit; 10 and to another workings of miracles; and to another prophecy; and to another discernings of spirits; to another [divers] kinds of tongues; and to another the interpretation of tongues: [ 11 but all these worketh the one and the same Spirit, dividing to each one severally even as he will. 12 For as the body is one, and hath many members, and all the members of the body, being many, are one body; so also is Christ. 13 For in one Spirit were we all baptized into one body, whether Jews or Greeks, whether bond or free; and were all made to drink of one Spirit.
• 2 Cor 1:2 : 2 Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
• 1 Pet 1:1-2 : 1 Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the elect who are sojourners of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, 2 according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in sanctification of the Spirit, unto obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ: Grace to you and peace be multiplied.
• John 1:1 : 1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
• Acts 19:10 : 10 And this continued for the space of two years; so that all they that dwelt in Asia heard the word of the Lord, both Jews and Greeks.
• Exod 3:14 : 14 And God said unto Moses, I AM THAT I AM: and he said, Thus shalt thou say unto the children of Israel, I AM hath sent me unto you.
• Isa 57:15 : 15 For thus saith the high and lofty One that inhabiteth eternity, whose name is Holy: I dwell in the high and holy place, with him also that is of a contrite and humble spirit, to revive the spirit of the humble, and to revive the heart of the contrite.
• Mic 5:2 : 2 But thou, Beth-lehem Ephrathah, which art little to be among the thousands of Judah, out of thee shall one come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings forth are from of old, [ from everlasting.
• Rev 2:8 : 8 And to the angel of the church in Smyrna write: These things saith the first and the last, who was dead, and lived [again] :
• Rev 2:18 : 18 And to the angel of the church in Thyatira write: These things saith the Son of God, who hath his eyes like a flame of fire, and his feet are like unto burnished brass:
• Rev 1:11 : 11 saying, What thou seest, write in a book and send [it] to the seven churches: unto Ephesus, and unto Smyrna, and unto Pergamum, and unto Thyatira, and unto Sardis, and unto Philadelphia, and unto Laodicea.