1 Chronicles 19:4

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

So Hanun took David's servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away.

Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּקַּ֨ח חָנ֜וּן אֶת־עַבְדֵ֤י דָוִיד֙ וַֽיְגַלְּחֵ֔ם וַיִּכְרֹ֧ת אֶת־מַדְוֵיהֶ֛ם בַּחֵ֖צִי עַד־הַמִּפְשָׂעָ֑ה וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽם

Transliteration

wə-yiqqaḥ Ḥānûn ʾet-ʿabdê Dāwîd wə-yəgallĕḥēm, wə-yikrōt ʾet-madwêhem in-the-half until-ha-mipśāʿāh, wə-yəšallĕḥēm

Grammar Details

*wə-yiqqaḥ*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - and he took
*Ḥānûn*: proper noun, masculine singular - Hanun
*ʾet-ʿabdê*: direct object marker + noun, masculine plural construct - the servants of
*Dāwîd*: proper noun, masculine singular - David
*wə-yəgallĕḥēm*: conjunction + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he shaved them
*wə-yikrōt*: conjunction + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with waw-consecutive - and he cut off
*ʾet-madwêhem*: direct object marker + noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their garments
*ba-ḥēṣî*: preposition + noun, masculine singular - in the middle/half
*ʿad-ha-mipśāʿāh*: preposition + definite article + noun, feminine singular - until the buttocks/crotch
*wə-yəšallĕḥēm*: conjunction + piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - and he sent them away

Word Meanings

*yəgallĕḥēm*: to shave them/cut off their hair
*madwêhem*: their garments/clothes/robes
*mipśāʿāh*: buttocks/crotch/genitals

ℹ️

About this Translation

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Formal EquivalenceSource: American Standard VersionBest for: Word studies and original-language research

🎯 Translation Approach

A highly literal, word-for-word translation (ASV, 1901) augmented with Strong's numbering to connect English words to underlying Hebrew and Greek terms for study.

Word-for-word

5/5

Readability

2/5

💎 Distinctive Features

Integrated Strong's numbering: Links English terms to underlying Hebrew and Greek words for deeper lexical study.
Formal equivalence: Prioritizes close alignment with source-language forms and structures.
Divine name rendering: Frequently renders the Tetragrammaton as Jehovah in the Old Testament, following ASV tradition.
Study-focused formatting: Optimized for reference and research rather than casual reading.

✅ Strengths

High fidelity to original languages
Includes Strong's numbers for precise word study
Consistent lexical choices aid exegesis
Stable, longstanding scholarly text

⚠️ Considerations

Archaic language reduces readability
Older textual basis compared to some modern translations
Strong's numbers are a concordance index, not full lexical definitions

👥 Who is this for?

Ideal for

Pastors and teachers
Seminary students
Serious Bible students
Readers conducting word studies
Those referencing Hebrew/Greek tools

Consider alternatives for

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Additional Resources

Referenced Verses

Lev 19:27 : 27 Ye shall not round the corners of your heads, neither shalt thou mar the corners of thy beard.
2 Sam 10:4-5 : 4 So Hanun took David's servants, and shaved off the one half of their beards, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away. 5 When they told it unto David, he sent to meet them; for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.
2 Chr 36:16 : 16 but they mocked the messengers of God, and despised his words, and scoffed at his prophets, until the wrath of Jehovah arose against his people, till there was no remedy.
Ps 35:12 : 12 They reward me evil for good, [To] the bereaving of my soul.
Ps 109:4-5 : 4 For my love they are my adversaries: But I [give myself unto] prayer. 5 And they have rewarded me evil for good, And hatred for my love.
Isa 15:2 : 2 They are gone up to Bayith, and to Dibon, to the high places, to weep: Moab waileth over Nebo, and over Medeba; on all their heads is baldness, every beard is cut off.
Isa 20:4 : 4 so shall the king of Assyria lead away the captives of Egypt, and the exiles of Ethiopia, young and old, naked and barefoot, and with buttocks uncovered, to the shame of Egypt.
Isa 47:2-3 : 2 Take the millstones, and grind meal; remove thy veil, strip off the train, uncover the leg, pass through the rivers. 3 Thy nakedness shall be uncovered, yea, thy shame shall be seen: I will take vengeance, and will spare no man.
Jer 41:5 : 5 that there came men from Shechem, from Shiloh, and from Samaria, even fourscore men, having their beards shaven and their clothes rent, and having cut themselves, with meal-offerings and frankincense in their hand, to bring them to the house of Jehovah.
Jer 48:37 : 37 For every head is bald, and every beard clipped: upon all the hands are cuttings, and upon the loins sackcloth.
Mark 12:4 : 4 And again he sent unto them another servant; and him they {G3036} wounded in the head, and {G649} handled {G649} shamefully.
Luke 20:10-11 : 10 And at the season he sent unto the husbandmen a servant, that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard: but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him away empty. 11 And he sent yet another servant: and him also they beat, and handled him shamefully, and sent him away empty.

Similar Verses (AI)

These verses are found using AI-powered semantic similarity based on meaning and context. Results may occasionally include unexpected connections.

2 Sam 10:1-6
6 verses
95%
1And it came to pass after this, that the king of the children of Ammon died, and Hanun his son reigned in his stead.
2And David said, I will show kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, as his father showed kindness unto me. So David sent by his servants to comfort him concerning his father. And David's servants came into the land of the children of Ammon.
3But the princes of the children of Ammon said unto Hanun their lord, Thinkest thou that David doth honor thy father, in that he hath sent comforters unto thee? hath not David sent his servants unto thee to search the city, and to spy it out, and to overthrow it?
4So Hanun took David's servants, and shaved off the one half of their beards, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away.
5When they told it unto David, he sent to meet them; for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.
6And when the children of Ammon saw that they were become odious to David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Syrians of Beth-rehob, and the Syrians of Zobah, twenty thousand footmen, and the king of Maacah with a thousand men, and the men of Tob twelve thousand men.
1 Chr 19:5-6
2 verses
84%
5Then there went certain persons, and told David how the men were served. And he sent to meet them; for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.
6And when the children of Ammon saw that they had made themselves odious to David, Hanun and the children of Ammon sent a thousand talents of silver to hire them chariots and horsemen out of Mesopotamia, and out of Arammaacah, and out of Zobah.
1 Chr 19:2-3
2 verses
84%
2And David said, I will show kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, because his father showed kindness to me. So David sent messengers to comfort him concerning his father. And David's servants came into the land of the children of Ammon to Hanun, to comfort him.
3But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David doth honor thy father, in that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land?
1 Sam 24:4-5
2 verses
72%
4And the men of David said unto him, Behold, the day of which Jehovah said unto thee, Behold, I will deliver thine enemy into thy hand, and thou shalt do to him as it shall seem good unto thee. Then David arose, and cut off the skirt of Saul's robe privily.
5And it came to pass afterward, that David's heart smote him, because he had cut off Saul's skirt.
Isa 20:4
69%
4so shall the king of Assyria lead away the captives of Egypt, and the exiles of Ethiopia, young and old, naked and barefoot, and with buttocks uncovered, to the shame of Egypt.
2 Sam 1:11
69%
11Then David took hold on his clothes, and rent them; and likewise all the men that were with him:
1 Chr 19:19
69%
19And when the servants of Hadarezer saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they made peace with David, and served him: neither would the Syrians help the children of Ammon any more.
1 Sam 25:12-13
2 verses
69%
12So David's young men turned on their way, and went back, and came and told him according to all these words.
13And David said unto his men, Gird ye on every man his sword. And they girded on every man his sword; and David also girded on his sword: and there went up after David about four hundred men; and two hundred abode by the baggage.
2 Sam 13:31
68%
31Then the king arose, and rent his garments, and lay on the earth; and all his servants stood by with their clothes rent.
1 Sam 18:24-25
2 verses
68%
24And the servants of Saul told him, saying, On this manner spake David.
25And Saul said, Thus shall ye say to David, The king desireth not any dowry, but a hundred foreskins of the Philistines, to be avenged of the king's enemies. Now Saul thought to make David fall by the hand of the Philistines.
1 Sam 18:4
68%
4And Jonathan stripped himself of the robe that was upon him, and gave it to David, and his apparel, even to his sword, and to his bow, and to his girdle.
2 Sam 4:12
68%
12And David commanded his young men, and they slew them, and cut off their hands and their feet, and hanged them up beside the pool in Hebron. But they took the head of Ish-bosheth, and buried it in the grave of Abner in Hebron.
Jer 41:5
68%
5that there came men from Shechem, from Shiloh, and from Samaria, even fourscore men, having their beards shaven and their clothes rent, and having cut themselves, with meal-offerings and frankincense in their hand, to bring them to the house of Jehovah.
Judg 19:29
67%
29And when he was come into his house, he took a knife, and laid hold on his concubine, and divided her, limb by limb, into twelve pieces, and sent her throughout all the borders of Israel.
1 Chr 20:3
67%
3And he brought forth the people that were therein, and cut [them] with saws, and with harrows of iron, and with axes. And thus did David unto all the cities of the children of Ammon. And David and all the people returned to Jerusalem.
Judg 1:6
67%
6But Adoni-bezek fled; and they pursued after him, and caught him, and cut off his thumbs and his great toes.
Judg 20:6
67%
6And I took my concubine, and cut her in pieces, and sent her throughout all the country of the inheritance of Israel; for they have committed lewdness and folly in Israel.
1 Sam 25:21-22
2 verses
67%
21Now David had said, Surely in vain have I kept all that this fellow hath in the wilderness, so that nothing was missed of all that pertained unto him: and he hath returned me evil for good.
22God do so unto the enemies of David, and more also, if I leave of all that pertain to him by the morning light so much as one {H8366} man-child.
1 Sam 27:9
67%
9And David smote the land, and saved neither man nor woman alive, and took away the sheep, and the oxen, and the asses, and the camels, and the apparel; and he returned, and came to Achish.
2 Sam 20:9
67%
9And Joab said to Amasa, Is it well with thee, my brother? And Joab took Amasa by the beard with his right hand to kiss him.
Isa 7:20
67%
20In that day will the Lord shave with a razor that is hired in the parts beyond the River, [even] with the king of Assyria, the head and the hair of the feet; and it shall also consume the beard.
2 Sam 12:31
66%
31And he brought forth the people that were therein, and put them under saws, and under harrows of iron, and under axes of iron, and made them pass through the brickkiln: and thus did he unto all the cities of the children of Ammon. And David and all the people returned unto Jerusalem.
1 Sam 25:4
66%
4And David heard in the wilderness that Nabal was shearing his sheep.
1 Chr 18:4
66%
4And David took from him a thousand chariots, and seven thousand horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen; and David hocked all the chariot horses, but reserved of them for a hundred chariots.
2 Sam 19:5
66%
5And Joab came into the house to the king, and said, Thou hast shamed this day the faces of all thy servants, who this day have saved thy life, and the lives of thy sons and of thy daughters, and the lives of thy wives, and the lives of thy concubines;
1 Chr 19:8
65%
8And when David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men.
2 Sam 15:15
65%
15And the king's servants said unto the king, Behold, thy servants are ready to do whatsoever my lord the king shall choose.
2 Chr 28:15
65%
15And the men that have been mentioned by name rose up, and took the captives, and with the spoil clothed all that were naked among them, and arrayed them, and shod them, and gave them to eat and to drink, and anointed them, and carried all the feeble of them upon asses, and brought them to Jericho, the city of palm-trees, unto their brethren: then they returned to Samaria.
1 Sam 19:24
65%
24And he also stripped off his clothes, and he also prophesied before Samuel, and lay down naked all that day and all that night. Wherefore they say, Is Saul also among the prophets?
1 Sam 19:16
65%
16And when the messengers came in, behold, the teraphim was in the bed, with the pillow of goats' [hair] at the head thereof.
Gen 44:13
65%
13Then they rent their clothes, and laded every man his ass, and returned to the city.
Mark 12:4
65%
4And again he sent unto them another servant; and him they {G3036} wounded in the head, and {G649} handled {G649} shamefully.
1 Sam 30:17
65%
17And David smote them from the twilight even unto the evening of the next day: and there escaped not a man of them, save four hundred young men, who rode upon camels and fled.
Neh 4:23
65%
23So neither I, nor my brethren, nor my servants, nor the men of the guard that followed me, none of us put off our clothes, every one [went with] his weapon [to] the water.
1 Sam 22:17
65%
17And the king said unto the guard that stood about him, Turn, and slay the priests of Jehovah; because their hand also is with David, and because they knew that he fled, and did not disclose it to me. But the servants of the king would not put forth their hand to fall upon the priests of Jehovah.
Jer 48:37
65%
37For every head is bald, and every beard clipped: upon all the hands are cuttings, and upon the loins sackcloth.
2 Sam 19:24
65%
24And Mephibosheth the son of Saul came down to meet the king; and he had neither dressed his feet, nor trimmed his beard, nor washed his clothes, from the day the king departed until the day he came home in peace.