1 Samuel 21:7

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Now a certain man of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before Jehovah; and his name was Doeg the Edomite, the chiefest of the herdsmen that belonged to Saul.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּתֶּן־ל֥וֹ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן קֹ֑דֶשׁ כִּי֩ לֹא־הָ֨יָה שָׁ֜ם לֶ֗חֶם כִּֽי־אִם־לֶ֤חֶם הַפָּנִים֙ הַמּֽוּסָרִים֙ מִלִּפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לָשׂוּם֙ לֶ֣חֶם חֹ֔ם בְּי֖וֹם הִלָּקְחֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

And wayyittēn-to him the hakkōhēn qōdeš for not-hāyâ there leḥem for-if-leḥem the happānîm the hammûsārîm from before YHWH to lāśûm leḥem ḥōm in beyôm taking it away

Grammar Details

• *wayyittēn*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he gave
• *hakkōhēn*: definite article + noun, masculine singular, absolute - the priest
• *qōdeš*: noun, masculine singular, absolute - holy/sacred [bread]
• *hāyâ*: qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was/there was
• *leḥem*: noun, masculine singular, absolute - bread
• *happānîm*: definite article + noun, masculine plural - the presence/face
• *hammûsārîm*: definite article + hophal participle, masculine plural - the removed ones
• *YHWH*: proper noun - LORD/Yahweh
• *lāśûm*: preposition + qal infinitive construct - to place/put
• *ḥōm*: adjective, masculine singular - hot/warm
• *beyôm*: preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in day of
• *hillāqeḥô*: niphal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its being taken away

Word Meanings

• *qōdeš*: holy bread/sacred bread/consecrated bread
• *leḥem happānîm*: showbread/bread of presence/bread of the face
• *hammûsārîm*: the removed ones/those taken away
• *lāśûm*: to place/to put/to set out
• *ḥōm*: hot/warm/fresh

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 22:9 : 9 Then answered Doeg the Edomite, who stood by the servants of Saul, and said, I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub.
• 1 Chr 27:29 : 29 and over the herds that fed in Sharon was Shitrai the Sharonite: and over the herds that were in the valleys was Shaphat the son of Adlai:
• Ps 52:1-9 : 1 For the Chief Musician. Maschil of David; when Doeg the Edomite came and told Saul, and said unto him, David is come to the house of Ahimelech. Why boastest thou thyself in mischief, O mighty man? The lovingkindness of God [endureth] continually. 2 Thy tongue deviseth very wickedness, Like a sharp razor, working deceitfully. 3 Thou lovest evil more than good, And lying rather than to speak righteousness. {H5542} 4 Thou lovest all devouring words, O thou deceitful tongue. 5 God will likewise destroy thee for ever; He will take thee up, and pluck thee out of thy tent, And root thee out of the land of the living. {H5542} 6 The righteous also shall see [it], and fear, And shall laugh at him, [saying], 7 Lo, this is the man that made not God his strength, But trusted in the abundance of his riches, And strengthened himself in his wickedness. 8 But as for me, I am like a green olive-tree in the house of God: I trust in the lovingkindness of God for ever and ever. 9 I will give thee thanks for ever, because thou hast done it; And I will hope in thy name, for it is good, in the presence of thy saints.
• Jer 7:9-9 : 9 Will ye steal, murder, and commit adultery, and swear falsely, and burn incense unto Baal, and walk after other gods that ye have not known, 10 and come and stand before me in this house, which is called by my name, and say, We are delivered; that ye may do all these abominations? 11 Is this house, which is called by my name, become a den of robbers in your eyes? Behold, I, even I, have seen it, saith Jehovah.
• Ezek 33:31 : 31 And they come unto thee as the people cometh, and they sit before thee as my people, and they hear thy words, but do them not; for with their mouth they show much love, but their heart goeth after their gain.
• Amos 8:5 : 5 saying, When will the new moon be gone, that we may sell grain? and the sabbath, that we may set forth wheat, making the ephah small, and the shekel great, and dealing falsely with balances of deceit;
• Matt 15:8 : 8 This people honoreth me with their lips; But their heart is far from me.
• Acts 21:26-27 : 26 Then Paul took the men, and the next day purifying himself with them went into the temple, declaring the fulfilment of the days of purification, until the offering was offered for every one of them. 27 And when the seven days were almost completed, the Jews {G3588} from Asia, when they saw him in the temple, stirred up all the multitude and laid hands on him,
• Gen 13:7-8 : 7 And there was a strife between the herdsmen of Abram's cattle and the herdsmen of Lot's cattle: and the Canaanite and the Perizzite dwelt then in the land. 8 And Abram said unto Lot, Let there be no strife, I pray thee, between me and thee, and between my herdsmen and thy herdsmen; for we are brethren.
• Gen 26:20 : 20 And the herdsmen of Gerar strove with Isaac's herdsmen, saying, The water is ours: and he called the name of the well Esek, because they contended with him.
• 1 Sam 11:5 : 5 And, behold, Saul came following the oxen out of the field; and Saul said, What aileth the people that they weep? And they told him the words of the men of Jabesh.
• 1 Sam 14:47 : 47 Now when Saul had taken the kingdom over Israel, he fought against all his enemies on every side, against Moab, and against the children of Ammon, and against Edom, and against the kings of Zobah, and against the Philistines: and whithersoever he turned himself, he put [them] to the worse.
• 2 Chr 26:10 : 10 And he built towers in the wilderness, and hewed out many cisterns, for he had much cattle; in the lowland also, and in the plain: [and he had] husbandmen and vinedressers in the mountains and in the fruitful fields; for he loved husbandry.