2 Kings 18:8

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

He smote the Philistines unto Gaza and the borders thereof, from the tower of the watchmen to the fortified city.

Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

הֽוּא־הִכָּ֧ה אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים עַד־עַזָּ֖ה וְאֶת־גְּבוּלֶ֑יהָ מִמִּגְדַּ֥ל נוֹצְרִ֖ים עַד־עִ֥יר מִבְצָֽר׃

Transliteration

Huʾ-hikkah ʾet-Pəlishtim unto ʿAzzah and ʾet-gəvuleha, from migdal notsərim unto ʿir mivtsar.

Grammar Details

*huʾ*: pronoun, 3rd masculine singular - he
*hikkah*: Hiphil perfect 3rd masculine singular - he struck
*ʾet*: direct object marker
*Pəlishtim*: proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines
*ʿAzzah*: proper noun, feminine singular - Gaza
*gəvuleha*: noun, masculine plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her borders/territories
*migdal*: noun, masculine singular construct - tower of
*notsərim*: Qal participle masculine plural - watchers/guards
*ʿir*: noun, feminine singular construct - city of
*mivtsar*: noun, masculine singular - fortress/fortification

Word Meanings

*hikkah*: struck/defeated/attacked
*gəvuleha*: her borders/her territories/her regions
*migdal notsərim*: watchtower/guard tower
*ʿir mivtsar*: fortified city/fortress city

ℹ️

About this Translation

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Formal EquivalenceSource: American Standard VersionBest for: Word studies and original-language research

🎯 Translation Approach

A highly literal, word-for-word translation (ASV, 1901) augmented with Strong's numbering to connect English words to underlying Hebrew and Greek terms for study.

Word-for-word

5/5

Readability

2/5

💎 Distinctive Features

Integrated Strong's numbering: Links English terms to underlying Hebrew and Greek words for deeper lexical study.
Formal equivalence: Prioritizes close alignment with source-language forms and structures.
Divine name rendering: Frequently renders the Tetragrammaton as Jehovah in the Old Testament, following ASV tradition.
Study-focused formatting: Optimized for reference and research rather than casual reading.

✅ Strengths

High fidelity to original languages
Includes Strong's numbers for precise word study
Consistent lexical choices aid exegesis
Stable, longstanding scholarly text

⚠️ Considerations

Archaic language reduces readability
Older textual basis compared to some modern translations
Strong's numbers are a concordance index, not full lexical definitions

👥 Who is this for?

Ideal for

Pastors and teachers
Seminary students
Serious Bible students
Readers conducting word studies
Those referencing Hebrew/Greek tools

Consider alternatives for

Casual readers
Children and early teens
ESL learners seeking simple English
Readers preferring contemporary language

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Additional Resources

Referenced Verses

2 Kgs 17:9 : 9 And the children of Israel did secretly things that were not right against Jehovah their God: and they built them high places in all their cities, from the tower of the watchmen to the fortified city;
Isa 14:29 : 29 Rejoice not, O Philistia, all of thee, because the rod that smote thee is broken; for out of the serpent's root shall come forth an adder, and his fruit shall be a fiery flying serpent.
2 Chr 28:18 : 18 The Philistines also had invaded the cities of the lowland, and of the South of Judah, and had taken Beth-shemesh, and Aijalon, and Gederoth, and Soco with the towns thereof, and Timnah with the towns thereof, Gimzo also and the towns thereof: and they dwelt there.
Isa 5:2 : 2 and he digged it, and gathered out the stones thereof, and planted it with the choicest vine, and built a tower in the midst of it, and also hewed out a winepress therein: and he looked that it should bring forth grapes, and it brought forth wild grapes.
1 Chr 4:41 : 41 And these written by name came in the days of Hezekiah king of Judah, and smote their tents, and the Meunim that were found there, and destroyed them utterly unto this day, and dwelt in their stead; because there was pasture there for their flocks.
2 Chr 26:10 : 10 And he built towers in the wilderness, and hewed out many cisterns, for he had much cattle; in the lowland also, and in the plain: [and he had] husbandmen and vinedressers in the mountains and in the fruitful fields; for he loved husbandry.

Similar Verses (AI)

These verses are found using AI-powered semantic similarity based on meaning and context. Results may occasionally include unexpected connections.

2 Chr 26:6
76%
6And he went forth and warred against the Philistines, and brake down the wall of Gath, and the wall of Jabneh, and the wall of Ashdod; and he built cities in [the country of] Ashdod, and among the Philistines.
2 Sam 5:25
75%
25And David did so, as Jehovah commanded him, and smote the Philistines from Geba until thou come to Gezer.
Judg 1:18
74%
18Also Judah took Gaza with the border thereof, and Ashkelon with the border thereof, and Ekron with the border thereof.
1 Chr 14:16
73%
16And David did as God commanded him: and they smote the host of the Philistines from Gibeon even to Gezer.
1 Chr 18:1
73%
1And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them, and took Gath and its towns out of the hand of the Philistines.
Josh 10:41
73%
41And Joshua smote them from Kadesh-barnea even unto Gaza, and all the country of Goshen, even unto Gibeon.
2 Chr 28:18
73%
18The Philistines also had invaded the cities of the lowland, and of the South of Judah, and had taken Beth-shemesh, and Aijalon, and Gederoth, and Soco with the towns thereof, and Timnah with the towns thereof, Gimzo also and the towns thereof: and they dwelt there.
Amos 1:6-8
3 verses
73%
6Thus saith Jehovah: For three transgressions of Gaza, yea, for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they carried away captive the whole people, to deliver them up to Edom.
7But I will send a fire on the wall of Gaza, and it shall devour the palaces thereof.
8And I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him that holdeth the sceptre from Ashkelon; and I will turn my hand against Ekron; and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, saith the Lord Jehovah.
Jer 47:1
72%
1The word of Jehovah that came to Jeremiah the prophet concerning the Philistines, before that Pharaoh smote Gaza.
2 Kgs 18:7
72%
7And Jehovah was with him; whithersoever he went forth he prospered: and he rebelled against the king of Assyria, and served him not.
1 Sam 17:52
72%
52And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until thou comest to Gai, and to the gates of Ekron. And the wounded of the Philistines fell down by the way to Shaaraim, even unto Gath, and unto Ekron.
Josh 13:3
72%
3from the Shihor, which is before Egypt, even unto the border of Ekron northward, [which] is reckoned to the Canaanites; the five lords of the Philistines; the Gazites, and the Ashdodites, the Ashkelonites, the Gittites, and the Ekronites; also the Avvim,
Zech 9:5-6
2 verses
70%
5Ashkelon shall see it, and fear; Gaza also, and shall be sore pained; and Ekron, for her expectation shall be put to shame; and the king shall perish from Gaza, and Ashkelon shall not be inhabited.
6And a bastard shall dwell in Ashdod, and I will cut off the pride of the Philistines.
2 Kgs 18:9
70%
9And it came to pass in the fourth year of king Hezekiah, which was the seventh year of Hoshea son of Elah king of Israel, that Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up against Samaria, and besieged it.
2 Sam 8:1
70%
1And after this it came to pass, that David smote the Philistines, and subdued them: and David took the bridle of the mother city out of the hand of the Philistines.
1 Sam 19:8
70%
8And there was war again: and David went out, and fought with the Philistines, and slew them with a great slaughter; and they fled before him.
Jer 25:20
70%
20and all the mingled people, and all the kings of the land of the Uz, and all the kings of the Philistines, and Ashkelon, and Gaza, and Ekron, and the remnant of Ashdod;
Judg 15:8-9
2 verses
69%
8And he smote them hip and thigh with a great slaughter: and he went down and dwelt in the cleft of the rock of Etam.
9Then the Philistines went up, and encamped in Judah, and spread themselves in Lehi.
Josh 15:46-47
2 verses
69%
46from Ekron even unto the sea, all that were by the side of Ashdod, with their villages.
47Ashdod, its towns and its villages; Gaza, its towns and its villages; unto the brook of Egypt, and the great sea, and the border [thereof].
Zeph 2:4
69%
4For Gaza shall be forsaken, and Ashkelon a desolation; they shall drive out Ashdod at noonday, and Ekron shall be rooted up.
1 Sam 13:3
69%
3And Jonathan smote the garrison of the Philistines that was in Geba: and the Philistines heard of it. And Saul blew the trumpet throughout all the land, saying, Let the Hebrews hear.
2 Chr 11:8
69%
8and Gath, and Mareshah, and Ziph,
2 Sam 23:12
68%
12But he stood in the midst of the plot, and defended it, and slew the Philistines; and Jehovah wrought a great victory.
2 Sam 23:10
68%
10He arose, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand clave unto the sword; and Jehovah wrought a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to take spoil.
Judg 16:21
68%
21And the Philistines laid hold on him, and put out his eyes; and they brought him down to Gaza, and bound him with fetters of brass; and he did grind in the {H631} prison-house.
1 Sam 7:11
67%
11And the men of Israel went out of Mizpah, and pursued the Philistines, and smote them, until they came under Beth-car.
1 Sam 14:31
67%
31And they smote of the Philistines that day from Michmash to Aijalon. And the people were very faint;
Isa 20:1
67%
1In the year that Tartan came unto Ashdod, when Sargon the king of Assyria sent him, and he fought against Ashdod and took it;
Judg 16:2
67%
2[ And it was told] the Gazites, saying, Samson is come hither. And they compassed him in, and laid wait for him all night in the gate of the city, and were quiet all the night, saying, [Let be] till morning light, then we will kill him.
1 Sam 13:23
67%
23And the garrison of the Philistines went out unto the pass of Michmash.
1 Sam 28:1
67%
1And it came to pass in those days, that the Philistines gathered their hosts together for warfare, to fight with Israel. And Achish said unto David, Know thou assuredly, that thou shalt go out with me in the host, thou and thy men.
Amos 6:2
67%
2Pass ye unto Calneh, and see; and from thence go ye to Hamath the great; then go down to Gath of the Philistines: are they better than these kingdoms? or is their border greater than your border?
2 Sam 8:12
67%
12of Syria, and of Moab, and of the children of Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer, son of Rehob, king of Zobah.
1 Sam 7:13-14
2 verses
67%
13So the Philistines were subdued, and they came no more within the border of Israel: and the hand of Jehovah was against the Philistines all the days of Samuel.
14And the cities which the Philistines had taken from Israel were restored to Israel, from Ekron even unto Gath; and the border thereof did Israel deliver out of the hand of the Philistines. And there was peace between Israel and the Amorites.
2 Sam 5:20
67%
20And David came to Baal-perazim, and David smote them there; and he said, Jehovah hath broken mine enemies before me, like the breach of waters. Therefore he called the name of that place Baal-perazim.
1 Sam 14:48
66%
48And he did valiantly, and smote the Amalekites, and delivered Israel out of the hands of them that despoiled them.
2 Chr 12:4
66%
4And he took the fortified cities which pertained to Judah, and came unto Jerusalem.
2 Kgs 18:13
66%
13Now in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah did Sennacherib king of Assyria come up against all the fortified cities of Judah, and took them.
Jer 47:4-5
2 verses
66%
4because of the day that cometh to destroy all the Philistines, to cut off from Tyre and Sidon every helper that remaineth: for Jehovah will destroy the Philistines, the remnant of the isle of Caphtor.
5Baldness is come upon Gaza; Ashkelon is brought to nought, the remnant of their valley: how long wilt thou cut thyself?
1 Chr 20:4
66%
4And it came to pass after this, that there arose war at Gezer with the Philistines: then Sibbecai the Hushathite slew Sippai, of the sons of the giant; and they were subdued.
1 Chr 14:8
66%
8And when the Philistines heard that David was anointed king over all Israel, all the Philistines went up to seek David: and David heard of it, and went out against them.
1 Sam 23:2
66%
2Therefore David inquired of Jehovah, saying, Shall I go and smite these Philistines? And Jehovah said unto David, Go, and smite the Philistines, and save Keilah.