2 Samuel 10:4

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

So Hanun took David's servants, and shaved off the one half of their beards, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּקַּ֨ח חָנ֜וּן אֶת־עַבְדֵ֣י דָוִ֗ד וַיְגַלַּח֙ אֶת־חֲצִ֣י זְקָנָ֔ם וַיִּכְרֹ֧ת אֶת־מַדְוֵיהֶ֛ם בַּחֵ֖צִי עַ֣ד שְׁתֽוֹתֵיהֶ֑ם וַֽיְשַׁלְּחֵֽם׃

Transliteration

And wayyiqqaḥ ḥānûn ʾet-ʿabdê dāwid and wayəgallaḥ ʾet-ḥăṣî zəqānām and wayyikrōt ʾet-madwêhem in-the-baḥēṣî until ʿad šətôtêhem and wayšalləḥēm.

Grammar Details

• *wayyiqqaḥ*: waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3ms - and he took/seized
• *ḥānûn*: proper name - Hanun
• *ʾet-ʿabdê*: direct object marker with masculine plural construct - servants of
• *dāwid*: proper name - David
• *wayəgallaḥ*: waw-consecutive with piel imperfect 3ms - and he shaved
• *ʾet-ḥăṣî*: direct object marker with masculine singular construct - half of
• *zəqānām*: masculine singular noun with 3mp suffix - their beard
• *wayyikrōt*: waw-consecutive with qal imperfect 3ms - and he cut off
• *ʾet-madwêhem*: direct object marker with masculine plural noun with 3mp suffix - their garments
• *baḥēṣî*: preposition with definite article and masculine singular - in the middle
• *ʿad*: preposition - until/as far as
• *šətôtêhem*: feminine plural noun with 3mp suffix - their buttocks
• *wayšalləḥēm*: waw-consecutive with piel imperfect 3ms with 3mp suffix - and he sent them away

Word Meanings

• *wayəgallaḥ*: and he shaved/and he cut off
• *madwêhem*: their garments/their clothes
• *šətôtêhem*: their buttocks/their sitting parts

Referenced Verses

• Isa 20:4 : 4 so shall the king of Assyria lead away the captives of Egypt, and the exiles of Ethiopia, young and old, naked and barefoot, and with buttocks uncovered, to the shame of Egypt.
• Isa 15:2 : 2 They are gone up to Bayith, and to Dibon, to the high places, to weep: Moab waileth over Nebo, and over Medeba; on all their heads is baldness, every beard is cut off.
• Jer 41:5 : 5 that there came men from Shechem, from Shiloh, and from Samaria, even fourscore men, having their beards shaven and their clothes rent, and having cut themselves, with meal-offerings and frankincense in their hand, to bring them to the house of Jehovah.
• Lev 19:27 : 27 Ye shall not round the corners of your heads, neither shalt thou mar the corners of thy beard.
• 1 Chr 19:3-4 : 3 But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David doth honor thy father, in that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land? 4 So Hanun took David's servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the middle, even to their buttocks, and sent them away.
• Ps 109:4-5 : 4 For my love they are my adversaries: But I [give myself unto] prayer. 5 And they have rewarded me evil for good, And hatred for my love.
• Isa 47:2-3 : 2 Take the millstones, and grind meal; remove thy veil, strip off the train, uncover the leg, pass through the rivers. 3 Thy nakedness shall be uncovered, yea, thy shame shall be seen: I will take vengeance, and will spare no man.