2 Samuel 14:2

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

And Joab sent to Tekoa, and fetched thence a wise woman, and said unto her, I pray thee, feign thyself to be a mourner, and put on mourning apparel, I pray thee, and anoint not thyself with oil, but be as a woman that hath a long time mourned for the dead:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח יוֹאָב֙ תְּק֔וֹעָה וַיִּקַּ֥ח מִשָּׁ֖ם אִשָּׁ֣ה חֲכָמָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵ֠לֶיהָ הִֽתְאַבְּלִי־נָ֞א וְלִבְשִׁי־נָ֣א בִגְדֵי־אֵ֗בֶל וְאַל־תָּס֙וּכִי֙ שֶׁ֔מֶן וְהָיִ֕ית כְּאִשָּׁ֗ה זֶ֚ה יָמִ֣ים רַבִּ֔ים מִתְאַבֶּ֖לֶת עַל־מֵֽת׃

Transliteration

And šālaḥ Yôʾāb [to] Təqôʿâ and lāqaḥ from there ʾiššâ ḥăkāmâ and ʾāmar to her hiṯ'abbəlî-nāʾ and libšî-nāʾ bigdê-ʾēbel and not tāsûkî šemen and hāyîṯ like ʾiššâ this yāmîm many miṯʾabbeleṯ over mēṯ.

Grammar Details

• *šālaḥ*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - sent
• *lāqaḥ*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - took/fetched
• *ʾāmar*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + waw consecutive - said
• *hiṯ'abbəlî*: hitpael imperative feminine singular - mourn yourself
• *nāʾ*: particle of entreaty - please
• *libšî*: qal imperative feminine singular - put on/wear
• *tāsûkî*: qal imperfect 2nd feminine singular + negative particle - anoint yourself
• *hāyîṯ*: qal perfect 2nd feminine singular - you will be
• *miṯʾabbeleṯ*: hitpael participle feminine singular - mourning
• *ʾiššâ*: noun, feminine singular - woman
• *ḥăkāmâ*: adjective, feminine singular - wise
• *bigdê-ʾēbel*: construct phrase - garments of mourning
• *šemen*: noun, masculine singular - oil
• *yāmîm*: noun, masculine plural - days
• *mēṯ*: noun, masculine singular - dead person

Word Meanings

• *šālaḥ*: sent/dispatched
• *lāqaḥ*: took/fetched/brought
• *ḥăkāmâ*: wise/clever/skilled
• *ʾēbel*: mourning/grief
• *šemen*: oil/ointment

Referenced Verses

• 2 Chr 11:6 : 6 He built Beth-lehem, and Etam, and Tekoa,
• Amos 1:1 : 1 The words of Amos, who was among the herdsmen of Tekoa, which he saw concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel, two years before the earthquake.
• Ruth 3:3 : 3 Wash thyself therefore, and anoint thee, and put thy raiment upon thee, and get thee down to the threshing-floor, but make not thyself known unto the man, until he shall have done eating and drinking.
• 2 Sam 12:20 : 20 Then David arose from the earth, and washed, and anointed himself, and changed his apparel; and he came into the house of Jehovah, and worshipped: then he came to his own house; and when he required, they set bread before him, and he did eat.
• Jer 6:1 : 1 Flee for safety, ye children of Benjamin, out of the midst of Jerusalem, and blow the trumpet in Tekoa, and raise up a signal on Beth-haccherem; for evil looketh forth from the north, and a great destruction.
• 2 Chr 20:20 : 20 And they rose early in the morning, and went forth into the wilderness of Tekoa: and as they went forth, Jehoshaphat stood and said, Hear me, O Judah, and ye inhabitants of Jerusalem: believe in Jehovah your God, so shall ye be established; believe his prophets, so shall ye prosper.
• Neh 3:5 : 5 And next unto them the Tekoites repaired; but their nobles put not their necks to the work of their lord.
• Neh 3:27 : 27 After him the Tekoites repaired another portion, over against the great tower that standeth out, and unto the wall of Ophel.
• Ps 104:15 : 15 And wine that maketh glad the heart of man, [And] oil to make his face to shine, And bread that strengtheneth man's heart.
• Eccl 9:8 : 8 Let thy garments be always white; and let not thy head lack oil.
• 2 Sam 11:26 : 26 And when the wife of Uriah heard that Uriah her husband was dead, she made lamentation for her husband.
• Matt 6:17 : 17 But thou, when thou fastest, anoint thy head, and wash thy face;