Exodus 2:23

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

And it came to pass in the course of those many days, that the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְהִי֩ בַיָּמִ֨ים הֽ͏ָרַבִּ֜ים הָהֵ֗ם וַיָּ֙מָת֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם וַיֵּאָנְח֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל מִן־הָעֲבֹדָ֖ה וַיִּזְעָ֑קוּ וַתַּ֧עַל שַׁוְעָתָ֛ם אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים מִן־הָעֲבֹדָֽה׃

Transliteration

wa-yəhî bayyāmîm hārabbîm hāhēm wa-yyāmāt meleḵ miṣrayim wa-yyēʾānəḥû bənê-yiśrāʾēl min-hāʿăbōdâ wa-yyizʿāqû wa-ttaʿal šawʿātām ʾel-hāʾĕlōhîm min-hāʿăbōdâ

Grammar Details

• *wa-yəhî*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass
• *bayyāmîm*: preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - in the days
• *hārabbîm*: definite article + masculine plural adjective - the many
• *hāhēm*: definite article + masculine plural demonstrative pronoun - those
• *wa-yyāmāt*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and died
• *meleḵ*: masculine singular construct - king of
• *miṣrayim*: proper noun - Egypt
• *wa-yyēʾānəḥû*: waw consecutive + niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and groaned
• *bənê-yiśrāʾēl*: masculine plural construct + proper noun - children of Israel
• *min-hāʿăbōdâ*: preposition + definite article + feminine singular noun - from the bondage/labor
• *wa-yyizʿāqû*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and cried out
• *wa-ttaʿal*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - and went up
• *šawʿātām*: feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their cry
• *ʾel-hāʾĕlōhîm*: preposition + definite article + masculine plural noun - to God

Word Meanings

• *yəhî*: it came to pass/it happened
• *yāmîm*: days/time
• *rabbîm*: many/great/long
• *yāmāt*: died
• *meleḵ*: king
• *miṣrayim*: Egypt
• *yēʾānəḥû*: groaned/sighed
• *bənê-yiśrāʾēl*: children of Israel/Israelites
• *ʿăbōdâ*: bondage/labor/servitude
• *yizʿāqû*: cried out/shouted
• *taʿal*: went up/ascended
• *šawʿâ*: cry/outcry
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: God/gods/divine beings

Referenced Verses

• Jas 5:4 : 4 Behold, the hire of the laborers who mowed your fields, which is of you kept back by fraud, crieth out: and the cries of them that reaped have entered into the ears of the Lord of Sabaoth.
• Acts 7:30 : 30 And when forty years were fulfilled, an angel {G2962} appeared to him in the wilderness of Mount Sinai, in a flame of fire in a bush.
• Gen 18:20-21 : 20 And Jehovah said, Because the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah is great, and because their sin is very grievous; 21 I will go down now, and see whether they have done altogether according to the cry of it, which is come unto me; and if not, I will know.
• Exod 3:7-9 : 7 And Jehovah said, I have surely seen the affliction of my people that are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their sorrows; 8 and I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to bring them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the place of the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Amorite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite. 9 And now, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come unto me: moreover I have seen the oppression wherewith the Egyptians oppress them.
• Acts 12:23-24 : 23 And immediately an angel of the Lord smote him, because {G3739} he gave not God the glory: and he was eaten of worms, and gave up the ghost. 24 But the word of God grew and multiplied.
• Deut 26:6-7 : 6 And the Egyptians dealt ill with us, and afflicted us, and laid upon us hard bondage: 7 and we cried unto Jehovah, the God of our fathers, and Jehovah heard our voice, and saw our affliction, and our toil, and our oppression;
• Judg 10:11-12 : 11 And Jehovah said unto the children of Israel, [Did] not [I save you] from the Egyptians, and from the Amorites, from the children of Ammon, and from the Philistines? 12 The Sidonians also, and the Amalekites, and the Maonites, did oppress you; and ye cried unto me, and I saved you out of their hand.
• Neh 9:9 : 9 And thou sawest the affliction of our fathers in Egypt, and heardest their cry by the Red Sea,
• Ps 12:5 : 5 Because of the oppression of the poor, because of the sighing of the needy, Now will I arise, saith Jehovah; I will set him in the safety he panteth for.
• Ps 18:6 : 6 In my distress I called upon Jehovah, And cried unto my God: He heard my voice out of his temple, And my cry before him came into his ears.
• Ps 81:6-7 : 6 I removed his shoulder from the burden: His hands were freed from the basket. 7 Thou calledst in trouble, and I delivered thee; I answered thee in the secret place of thunder; I proved thee at the waters of Meribah. {H5542}
• Ps 107:19-20 : 19 Then they cry unto Jehovah in their trouble, And he saveth them out of their distresses. 20 He sendeth his word, and healeth them, And delivereth [them] from their destructions.
• Isa 5:7 : 7 For the vineyard of Jehovah of hosts is the house of Israel, and the men of Judah his pleasant plant: and he looked for justice, but, behold, oppression; for righteousness, but, behold, a cry.
• Isa 19:20 : 20 And it shall be for a sign and for a witness unto Jehovah of hosts in the land of Egypt; for they shall cry unto Jehovah because of oppressors, and he will send them a saviour, and a defender, and he will deliver them.
• Matt 2:19-20 : 19 But when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the Lord appeareth in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, saying, 20 Arise and take the young child and his mother, and go into the land of Israel: for they are dead that sought the young child's life.
• Gen 4:10 : 10 And he said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood crieth unto me from the ground.
• Gen 16:11 : 11 And the angel of Jehovah said unto her, Behold, thou art with child, and shalt bear a son; and thou shalt call his name Ishmael, because Jehovah hath heard thy affliction.
• Exod 4:19 : 19 And Jehovah said unto Moses in Midian, Go, return into Egypt; for all the men are dead that sought thy life.
• Exod 7:7 : 7 And Moses was fourscore years old, and Aaron fourscore and three years old, when they spake unto Pharaoh.
• Exod 22:22-27 : 22 Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child. 23 If thou afflict them at all, and they cry at all unto me, I will surely hear their cry; 24 and my wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless. 25 If thou lend money to any of my people with thee that is poor, thou shalt not be to him as a creditor; neither shall ye lay upon him interest. 26 If thou at all take thy neighbor's garment to pledge, thou shalt restore it unto him before the sun goeth down: 27 for that is his only covering, it is his garment for his skin: wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will hear; for I am gracious.
• Num 20:16 : 16 and when we cried unto Jehovah, he heard our voice, and sent an angel, and brought us forth out of Egypt: and, behold, we are in Kadesh, a city in the uttermost of thy border.
• Deut 24:15 : 15 in his day thou shalt give him his hire, neither shall the sun go down upon it; for he is poor, and setteth his heart upon it: lest he cry against thee unto Jehovah, and it be sin unto thee.