Exodus 20:17

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's wife, nor his man-servant, nor his maid-servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor anything that is thy neighbor's.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ד בֵּ֣ית רֵעֶ֑ךָ לֹֽא־תַחְמֹ֞ד אֵ֣שֶׁת רֵעֶ֗ךָ וְעַבְדּ֤וֹ וַאֲמָתוֹ֙ וְשׁוֹר֣וֹ וַחֲמֹר֔וֹ וְכֹ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר לְרֵעֶֽךָ׃

Transliteration

lōʾ ṯaḥmōḏ bêṯ rēʿeḵā lōʾ-ṯaḥmōḏ ʾēsheṯ rēʿeḵā wə-ʿaḇdô wa-ʾămāṯô wə-shôrô wa-ḥămōrô wə-ḵōl ʾăsher lə-rēʿeḵā

Grammar Details

• *lōʾ ṯaḥmōḏ*: negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not covet
• *bêṯ*: masculine singular construct - house of
• *rēʿeḵā*: masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your neighbor
• *lōʾ-ṯaḥmōḏ*: negative particle + qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall not covet
• *ʾēsheṯ*: feminine singular construct - wife of
• *wə-ʿaḇdô*: conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his male servant
• *wa-ʾămāṯô*: conjunction + feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his female servant
• *wə-shôrô*: conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his ox
• *wa-ḥămōrô*: conjunction + masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - or his donkey
• *wə-ḵōl*: conjunction + noun construct - or anything
• *ʾăsher*: relative pronoun - that
• *lə-rēʿeḵā*: preposition + masculine singular noun with 2nd masculine singular suffix - [belongs] to your neighbor

Word Meanings

• *ṯaḥmōḏ*: covet/desire strongly/lust after/scheme to acquire
• *bêṯ*: house/household/dwelling place/family
• *ʾēsheṯ*: wife/woman

Referenced Verses

• Rom 13:9 : 9 For this, Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt not kill, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not covet, and if there be any other commandment, it is summed up in this word, namely, Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.
• Luke 12:15 : 15 And he said unto them, Take heed, and keep yourselves from all covetousness: for a man's {G846} life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth.
• Rom 7:7 : 7 What shall we say then? Is the law sin? God forbid. Howbeit, I had not known sin, except through the law: for I had not known coveting, except the law had said, Thou shalt not covet:
• Heb 13:5 : 5 Be ye free from the love of money; content with such things as ye have: for himself hath said, I will in no wise fail thee, neither will I in any wise forsake thee.
• Col 3:5 : 5 Put to death therefore your members which are upon the earth: fornication, uncleanness, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry;
• Eph 5:3 : 3 But fornication, and all uncleanness, or covetousness, let it not even be named among you, as becometh saints;
• Matt 5:28 : 28 but I say unto you, that every one that looketh on a woman to lust after her hath committed adultery with her already in his heart.
• Mic 2:2 : 2 And they covet fields, and seize them; and houses, and take them away: and they oppress a man and his house, even a man and his heritage.
• Jer 5:8 : 8 They were as fed horses roaming at large; every one neighed after his neighbor's wife.
• Jer 22:17 : 17 But thine eyes and thy heart are not but for thy covetousness, and for shedding innocent blood, and for oppression, and for violence, to do it.
• Ezek 33:31 : 31 And they come unto thee as the people cometh, and they sit before thee as my people, and they hear thy words, but do them not; for with their mouth they show much love, but their heart goeth after their gain.
• Amos 2:6-7 : 6 Thus saith Jehovah: For three transgressions of Israel, yea, for four, I will not turn away the punishment thereof; because they have sold the righteous for silver, and the needy for a pair of shoes— 7 they that pant after the dust of the earth on the head of the poor, and turn aside the way of the meek: and a man and his father go unto the [same] maiden, to profane my holy name:
• Hab 2:9 : 9 Woe to him that getteth an evil gain for his house, that he may set his nest on high, that he may be delivered from the hand of evil!
• Matt 20:15 : 15 Is it not lawful for me to do what I will with mine own? or is thine eye evil, because I am good?
• Eph 5:5 : 5 For this ye know of a surety, that no fornicator, nor unclean person, nor covetous man, who is an idolater, hath any inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God.
• 1 Cor 6:10 : 10 nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God.
• Luke 16:14 : 14 And the Pharisees, who were lovers of money, heard all these things; and they scoffed at him.
• Acts 5:4 : 4 While it remained, did it not remain thine own? and after it was sold, was it not in thy power? How is it that thou hast conceived this thing in thy heart? thou has not lied unto men, but unto God.
• Acts 20:33 : 33 I coveted no man's silver, or gold, or apparel.
• Gen 3:6 : 6 And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof, and did eat; and she gave also unto her husband with her, and he did eat.
• Gen 14:23 : 23 that I will not take a thread nor a shoe-latchet nor aught that is thine, lest thou shouldest say, I have made Abram rich:
• Gen 34:23 : 23 Shall not their cattle and their substance and all their beasts be ours? only let us consent unto them, and they will dwell with us.
• Josh 7:21 : 21 when I saw among the spoil a goodly Babylonish mantle, and two hundred shekels of silver, and a wedge of gold of fifty shekels weight, then I coveted them, and took them; and, behold, they are hid in the earth in the midst of my tent, and the silver under it.
• 1 Sam 15:19 : 19 Wherefore then didst thou not obey the voice of Jehovah, but didst fly upon the spoil, and didst that which was evil in the sight of Jehovah?
• 2 Sam 11:2-4 : 2 And it came to pass at eventide, that David arose from off his bed, and walked upon the roof of the king's house: and from the roof he saw a woman bathing; and the woman was very beautiful to look upon. 3 And David sent and inquired after the woman. And one said, Is not this Bath-sheba, the daughter of Eliam, the wife of Uriah the Hittite? 4 And David sent messengers, and took her; and she came in unto him, and he lay with her (for she was purified from her uncleanness); and she returned unto her house.
• Job 31:1 : 1 I made a covenant with mine eyes; How then should I look upon a virgin?
• Job 31:9 : 9 If my heart hath been enticed unto a woman, And I have laid wait at my neighbor's door;
• Ps 10:3 : 3 For the wicked boasteth of his heart's desire, And the covetous renounceth, [yea], contemneth Jehovah.
• Ps 119:36 : 36 Incline my heart unto thy testimonies, And not to covetousness.
• Prov 4:23 : 23 Keep thy heart with all diligence; For out of it are the issues of life.
• Prov 6:24-25 : 24 To keep thee from the evil woman, From the flattery of the foreigner's tongue. 25 Lust not after her beauty in thy heart; Neither let her take thee with her eyelids.
• Eccl 4:8 : 8 There is one that is alone, and he hath not a second; yea, he hath neither son nor brother; yet is there no end of all his labor, neither are his eyes satisfied with riches. For whom then, [saith he], do I labor, and deprive my soul of good? This also is vanity, yea, it is a sore travail.
• Eccl 5:10-11 : 10 He that loveth silver shall not be satisfied with silver; nor he that loveth abundance, with increase: this also is vanity. 11 When goods increase, they are increased that eat them; and what advantage is there to the owner thereof, save the beholding [of them] with his eyes?
• Isa 33:15 : 15 He that walketh righteously, and speaketh uprightly; he that despiseth the gain of oppressions, that shaketh his hands from taking a bribe, that stoppeth his ears from hearing of blood, and shutteth his eyes from looking upon evil:
• Isa 57:17 : 17 For the iniquity of his covetousness was I wroth, and smote him; I hid [my face] and was wroth; and he went on backsliding in the way of his heart.
• 1 Tim 6:6-9 : 6 But godliness with contentment is great gain: 7 for we brought nothing into the world, for neither can we carry {G3761} anything out; 8 but having food and covering we shall be therewith content. 9 But they that are minded to be rich fall into a temptation and a snare and many foolish and hurtful lusts, such as drown men in destruction and perdition. 10 For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil: which {G3713} some reaching after have been led astray from the faith, and have pierced themselves through with many sorrows.
• Phil 3:19 : 19 whose end is perdition, whose god is the belly, and [whose] glory is in their shame, who mind earthly things.