Genesis 14:5

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

And in the fourteenth year came Chedorlaomer, and the kings that were with him, and smote the Rephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim, and the Zuzim in Ham, and the Emim in Shaveh-kiriathaim,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּבְאַרְבַּע֩ עֶשְׂרֵ֨ה שָׁנָ֜ה בָּ֣א כְדָרְלָעֹ֗מֶר וְהַמְּלָכִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ וַיַּכּ֤וּ אֶת־רְפָאִים֙ בְּעַשְׁתְּרֹ֣ת קַרְנַ֔יִם וְאֶת־הַזּוּזִ֖ים בְּהָ֑ם וְאֵת֙ הֽ͏ָאֵימִ֔ים בְּשָׁוֵ֖ה קִרְיָתָֽיִם׃

Transliteration

û-ḇə-ʾarbaʿ ʿeśrēh šānāh bāʾ ḵəḏārlāʿōmer wə-ham-məlāḵîm ʾăšer ʾittô way-yakkû ʾeṯ-rəp̄āʾîm bə-ʿaštərōṯ qarnayim wə-ʾeṯ-haz-zûzîm bə-hām wə-ʾēṯ hā-ʾêmîm bə-šāwēh qiryāṯāyim

Grammar Details

• *û-ḇə-ʾarbaʿ*: conjunction + preposition + numeral - and in fourteen
• *ʿeśrēh*: numeral, feminine - ten
• *šānāh*: common noun, feminine singular - year
• *bāʾ*: perfect, 3rd masculine singular - came
• *ḵəḏārlāʿōmer*: proper noun, king's name
• *wə-ham-məlāḵîm*: conjunction + definite article + common noun, masculine plural - and the kings
• *ʾăšer*: relative pronoun - who/that
• *ʾittô*: preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - with him
• *way-yakkû*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd plural - and they struck/defeated
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *rəp̄āʾîm*: proper noun, people group (Rephaim)
• *bə-ʿaštərōṯ*: preposition + proper noun, place name - in Ashteroth
• *qarnayim*: proper noun, place name (Karnaim)
• *wə-ʾeṯ*: conjunction + direct object marker
• *haz-zûzîm*: definite article + proper noun, people group (Zuzim)
• *bə-hām*: preposition + proper noun, place name (Ham)
• *hā-ʾêmîm*: definite article + proper noun, people group (Emim)
• *bə-šāwēh*: preposition + proper noun, place name - in Shaveh
• *qiryāṯāyim*: proper noun, place name (Kiriathaim)

Word Meanings

• *way-yakkû*: struck/defeated/smote

Referenced Verses

• Deut 3:11 : 11 (For only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of the Rephaim; behold, his bedstead was a bedstead of iron; is it not in Rabbah of the children of Ammon? nine cubits was the length thereof, and four cubits the breadth of it, after the cubit of a man.)
• Gen 15:20 : 20 and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Rephaim,
• Deut 1:4 : 4 after he had smitten Sihon the king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and Og the king of Bashan, who dwelt in Ashtaroth, at Edrei.
• Deut 2:10-11 : 10 (The Emim dwelt therein aforetime, a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakim: 11 these also are accounted Rephaim, as the Anakim; but the Moabites call them Emim.
• Deut 2:20-23 : 20 (That also is accounted a land of Rephaim: Rephaim dwelt therein aforetime; but the Ammonites call them Zamzummim, 21 a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakim; but Jehovah destroyed them before them; and they succeeded them, and dwelt in their stead; 22 as he did for the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir, when he destroyed the Horites from before them; and they succeeded them, and dwelt in their stead even unto this day: 23 and the Avvim, that dwelt in villages as far as Gaza, the Caphtorim, that came forth out of Caphtor, destroyed them, and dwelt in their stead.)
• Deut 3:20 : 20 until Jehovah give rest unto your brethren, as unto you, and they also possess the land which Jehovah your God giveth them beyond the Jordan: then shall ye return every man unto his possession, which I have given you.
• Deut 3:22 : 22 Ye shall not fear them; for Jehovah your God, he it is that fighteth for you.
• Josh 12:4 : 4 and the border of Og king of Bashan, of the remnant of the Rephaim, who dwelt at Ashtaroth and at Edrei,
• Josh 13:12 : 12 all the kingdom of Og in Bashan, who reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei (the same was left of the remnant of the Rephaim); for these did Moses smite, and drove them out.
• Josh 13:19 : 19 and Kiriathaim, and Sibmah, and Zereth-shahar in the mount of the valley,
• Josh 13:31 : 31 and half Gilead, and Ashtaroth, and Edrei, the cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan, were for the children of Machir the son of Manasseh, even for the half of the children of Machir according to their families.
• 2 Sam 5:18 : 18 Now the Philistines had come and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.
• 2 Sam 5:22 : 22 And the Philistines came up yet again, and spread themselves in the valley of Rephaim.
• 2 Sam 23:13 : 13 And three of the thirty chief men went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam; and the troop of the Philistines was encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
• 1 Chr 4:40 : 40 And they found fat pasture and good, and the land was wide, and quiet, and peaceable; for they that dwelt there aforetime were of Ham.
• 1 Chr 11:15 : 15 And three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines were encamped in the valley of Rephaim.
• 1 Chr 14:9 : 9 Now the Philistines had come and made a raid in the valley of Rephaim.
• Ps 78:51 : 51 And smote all the first-born in Egypt, The chief of their strength in the tents of Ham.
• Ps 105:23 : 23 Israel also came into Egypt; And Jacob sojourned in the land of Ham.
• Ps 105:27 : 27 They set among them his signs, And wonders in the land of Ham.
• Ps 106:22 : 22 Wondrous works in the land of Ham, [And] terrible things by the Red Sea.
• Isa 17:5 : 5 And it shall be as when the harvestman gathereth the standing grain, and his arm reapeth the ears; yea, it shall be as when one gleaneth ears in the valley of Rephaim.
• Jer 48:1 : 1 Of Moab. Thus saith Jehovah of hosts, the God of Israel: Woe unto Nebo! for it is laid waste; Kiriathaim is put to shame, it is taken; Misgab is put to shame and broken down.
• Jer 48:23 : 23 and upon Kiriathaim, and upon Beth-gamul, and upon Beth-meon,