Hosea 10:11

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

And Ephraim is a heifer that is taught, that loveth to tread out [the grain]; but I have passed over upon her fair neck: I will set a rider on Ephraim; Judah shall plow, Jacob shall break his clods.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְאֶפְרַ֜יִם עֶגְלָ֤ה מְלֻמָּדָה֙ אֹהַ֣בְתִּי לָד֔וּשׁ וַאֲנִ֣י עָבַ֔רְתִּי עַל־ט֖וּב צַוָּארָ֑הּ אַרְכִּ֤יב אֶפְרַ֙יִם֙ יַחֲר֣וֹשׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה יְשַׂדֶּד־ל֖וֹ יַעֲקֹֽב׃

Transliteration

And ʾEprayim [is] ʿeglāh məlummādāh loving lādûš; and I ʿābartî upon ṭûb her ṣawwāʾrāh; I will ʾarkîb ʾEprayim, yaḥărôš Yəhûdāh, yəśaddēd to him Yaʿăqōb.

Grammar Details

• *ʾEprayim*: proper noun - Ephraim
• *ʿeglāh*: noun, feminine, singular - heifer
• *məlummādāh*: participle, Pual, feminine, singular - trained
• *lādûš*: preposition + verb, Qal, infinitive construct - to thresh
• *ʿābartî*: verb, Qal, perfect, 1st person, singular - I passed over
• *ṭûb*: noun, masculine, singular construct - goodness of
• *ṣawwāʾrāh*: noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person, feminine, singular suffix - her neck
• *ʾarkîb*: verb, Hiphil, imperfect, 1st person, singular - I will cause to ride/put a yoke upon
• *yaḥărôš*: verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he will plow
• *Yəhûdāh*: proper noun - Judah
• *yəśaddēd*: verb, Piel, imperfect, 3rd person, masculine, singular - he will harrow
• *Yaʿăqōb*: proper noun - Jacob

Word Meanings

• *ʿābartî*: I passed over/I placed upon
• *ʾarkîb*: I will cause to ride/put a yoke upon/make to plow

Referenced Verses

• Hos 4:16 : 16 For Israel hath behaved himself stubbornly, like a stubborn heifer: now will Jehovah feed them as a lamb in a large place.
• Deut 25:4 : 4 Thou shalt not muzzle the ox when he treadeth out [the grain].
• Jer 50:11 : 11 Because ye are glad, because ye rejoice, O ye that plunder my heritage, because ye are wanton as a heifer that treadeth out [the grain], and neigh as strong horses;
• Hos 2:5 : 5 for their mother hath played the harlot; she that conceived them hath done shamefully; for she said, I will go after my lovers, that give me my bread and my water, my wool and my flax, mine oil and my drink.
• Hos 3:1 : 1 And Jehovah said unto me, Go again, love a woman beloved of [her] friend, and an adulteress, even as Jehovah loveth the children of Israel, though they turn unto other gods, and love cakes of raisins.
• 2 Chr 28:5-8 : 5 Wherefore Jehovah his God delivered him into the hand of the king of Syria; and they smote him, and carried away of his a great multitude of captives, and brought them to Damascus. And he was also delivered into the hand of the king of Israel, who smote him with a great slaughter. 6 For Pekah the son of Remaliah slew in Judah a hundred and twenty thousand in one day, all of them valiant men; because they had forsaken Jehovah, the God of their fathers. 7 And Zichri, a mighty man of Ephraim, slew Maaseiah the king's son, and Azrikam the ruler of the house, and Elkanah that was next to the king. 8 And the children of Israel carried away captive of their brethren two hundred thousand, women, sons, and daughters, and took also away much spoil from them, and brought the spoil to Samaria.
• Isa 28:24 : 24 Doth he that ploweth to sow plow continually? doth he [continually] open and harrow his ground?
• Hos 9:1 : 1 Rejoice not, O Israel, for joy, like the peoples; for thou hast played the harlot, [departing] from thy God; thou hast loved hire upon every grain-floor.
• Hos 11:4 : 4 I drew them with cords of a man, with bands of love; and I was to them as they that lift up the yoke on their jaws; and I laid food before them.
• Rom 16:18 : 18 For they that are such serve not our Lord {G2424} Christ, but their own belly; and by their smooth and fair speech they beguile the hearts of the innocent.