Hosea 9:10

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness; I saw your fathers as the first-ripe in the fig-tree at its first season: but they came to Baal-peor, and consecrated themselves unto the shameful thing, and became abominable like that which they loved.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כַּעֲנָבִ֣ים בַּמִּדְבָּ֗ר מָצָ֙אתִי֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כְּבִכּוּרָ֤ה בִתְאֵנָה֙ בְּרֵ֣אשִׁיתָ֔הּ רָאִ֖יתִי אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם הֵ֜מָּה בָּ֣אוּ בַֽעַל־פְּע֗וֹר וַיִּנָּֽזְרוּ֙ לַבֹּ֔שֶׁת וַיִּהְי֥וּ שִׁקּוּצִ֖ים כְּאָהֳבָֽם׃

Transliteration

Like-ʿănābîm in-the-midbār māṣāʾtî yiśrāʾēl, like-bikkûrāh in-teʾēnāh in-rēʾšîtāh rāʾîtî ʾăbôtêkem; hēmmāh bāʾû baʿal-peʿôr and-wayyinnāzerû to-the-bōšet and-wayyihyû šiqqûṣîm like-ʾāhŏbām.

Grammar Details

• *ʿănābîm*: masculine plural noun - 'grapes'
• *midbār*: masculine singular noun with definite article - 'the wilderness'
• *māṣāʾtî*: qal perfect 1st singular - 'I found'
• *yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - 'Israel'
• *bikkûrāh*: feminine singular noun - 'early fig/first-ripe fig'
• *teʾēnāh*: feminine singular noun - 'fig tree'
• *rēʾšîtāh*: feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - 'its beginning/first fruits'
• *rāʾîtî*: qal perfect 1st singular - 'I saw'
• *ʾăbôtêkem*: masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - 'your fathers'
• *hēmmāh*: 3rd masculine plural independent pronoun - 'they'
• *bāʾû*: qal perfect 3rd common plural - 'they came'
• *baʿal*-*peʿôr*: proper noun - 'Baal of Peor'
• *wayyinnāzerû*: niphal consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they separated themselves'
• *bōšet*: feminine singular noun with definite article - 'the shame'
• *wayyihyû*: qal consecutive imperfect 3rd masculine plural - 'and they became'
• *šiqqûṣîm*: masculine plural noun - 'detestable things/abominations'
• *ʾāhŏbām*: qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - 'their love'

Word Meanings

• *ʿănābîm*: grapes/clusters of grapes
• *midbār*: wilderness/desert/wasteland
• *bikkûrāh*: early fig/first-ripe fig/first fruit
• *rēʾšîtāh*: its beginning/its first fruits/its first time
• *baʿal*-*peʿôr*: reference to incident in Numbers 25
• *wayyinnāzerû*: and they separated themselves/they consecrated themselves/they devoted themselves
• *bōšet*: the shame/disgrace/shameful thing (euphemism for Baal)
• *šiqqûṣîm*: detestable things/abominations/idols
• *ʾāhŏbām*: their love/their lover/what they loved

Referenced Verses

• Jer 11:13 : 13 For according to the number of thy cities are thy gods, O Judah; and according to the number of the streets of Jerusalem have ye set up altars to the shameful thing, even altars to burn incense unto Baal.
• Hos 4:14 : 14 I will not punish your daughters when they play the harlot, nor your brides when they commit adultery; for [the men] themselves go apart with harlots, and they sacrifice with the prostitutes; and the people that doth not understand shall be overthrown.
• Ezek 20:8 : 8 But they rebelled against me, and would not hearken unto me; they did not every man cast away the abominations of their eyes, neither did they forsake the idols of Egypt. Then I said I would pour out my wrath upon them, to accomplish my anger against them in the midst of the land of Egypt.
• Hos 2:15 : 15 And I will give her her vineyards from thence, and the valley of Achor for a door of hope; and she shall make answer there, as in the days of her youth, and as in the day when she came up out of the land of Egypt.
• Jer 2:2-3 : 2 Go, and cry in the ears of Jerusalem, saying, Thus saith Jehovah, I remember for thee the kindness of thy youth, the love of thine espousals; how thou wentest after me in the wilderness, in a land that was not sown. 3 Israel [was] holiness unto Jehovah, the first-fruits of his increase: all that devour him shall be held guilty; evil shall come upon them, saith Jehovah.
• Num 25:1-9 : 1 And Israel abode in Shittim; and the people began to play the harlot with the daughters of Moab: 2 for they called the people unto the sacrifices of their gods; and the people did eat, and bowed down to their gods. 3 And Israel joined himself unto Baal-peor: and the anger of Jehovah was kindled against Israel. 4 And Jehovah said unto Moses, Take all the chiefs of the people, and hang them up unto Jehovah before the sun, that the fierce anger of Jehovah may turn away from Israel. 5 And Moses said unto the judges of Israel, Slay ye every one his men that have joined themselves unto Baal-peor. 6 And, behold, one of the children of Israel came and brought unto his brethren a Midianitish woman in the sight of Moses, and in the sight of all the congregation of the children of Israel, while they were weeping at the door of the tent of meeting. 7 And when Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, saw it, he rose up from the midst of the congregation, and took a spear in his hand; 8 and he went after the man of Israel into the pavilion, and thrust both of them through, the man of Israel, and the woman through her body. So the plague was stayed from the children of Israel. 9 And those that died by the plague were twenty and four thousand. 10 And Jehovah spake unto Moses, saying, 11 Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest, hath turned my wrath away from the children of Israel, in that he was jealous with my jealousy among them, so that I consumed not the children of Israel in my jealousy. 12 Wherefore say, Behold, I give unto him my covenant of peace: 13 and it shall be unto him, and to his seed after him, the covenant of an everlasting priesthood; because he was jealous for his God, and made atonement for the children of Israel. 14 Now the name of the man of Israel that was slain, who was slain with the Midianitish woman, was Zimri, the son of Salu, a prince of a fathers' house among the Simeonites. 15 And the name of the Midianitish woman that was slain was Cozbi, the daughter of Zur; he was head of the people of a fathers' house in Midian. 16 And Jehovah spake unto Moses, saying, 17 Vex the Midianites, and smite them; 18 for they vex you with their wiles, wherewith they have beguiled you in the matter of Peor, and in the matter of Cozbi, the daughter of the prince of Midian, their sister, who was slain on the day of the plague in the matter of Peor.
• Ps 106:28-29 : 28 They joined themselves also unto Baal-peor, And ate the sacrifices of the dead. 29 Thus they provoked him to anger with their doings; And the plague brake in upon them.
• Mic 7:1 : 1 Woe is me! for I am as when they have gathered the summer fruits, as the grape gleanings of the vintage: there is no cluster to eat; my soul desireth the first-ripe fig.
• Rom 6:21 : 21 What fruit then had ye at that time in the things whereof ye are now ashamed? for the end of those things is death.
• Isa 28:4 : 4 and the fading flower of his glorious beauty, which is on the head of the fat valley, shall be as the first-ripe fig before the summer; which when he that looketh upon it seeth, while it is yet in his hand he eateth it up.
• Exod 19:4-6 : 4 Ye have seen what I did unto the Egyptians, and how I bare you on eagles' wings, and brought you unto myself. 5 Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be mine own possession from among all peoples: for all the earth is mine: 6 and ye shall be unto me a kingdom of priests, and a holy nation. These are the words which thou shalt speak unto the children of Israel.
• Num 13:23-24 : 23 And they came unto the valley of Eshcol, and cut down from thence a branch with one cluster of grapes, and they bare it upon a staff between two; [they brought] also of the pomegranates, and of the figs. 24 That place was called the valley of Eshcol, because of the cluster which the children of Israel cut down from thence.
• Num 15:39 : 39 and it shall be unto you for a fringe, that ye may look upon it, and remember all the commandments of Jehovah, and do them; and that ye follow not after your own heart and your own eyes, after which ye use to play the harlot;
• Deut 4:3 : 3 Your eyes have seen what Jehovah did because of Baal-peor; for all the men that followed Baal-peor, Jehovah thy God hath destroyed them from the midst of thee.
• Deut 32:10 : 10 He found him in a desert land, And in the waste howling wilderness; He compassed him about, he cared for him, He kept him as the apple of his eye.
• Deut 32:17 : 17 They sacrificed unto demons, [which were] no God, To gods that they knew not, To new [gods] that came up of late, Which your fathers dreaded not.
• Judg 6:32 : 32 Therefore on that day he called him Jerubbaal, saying, Let Baal contend against him, because he hath broken down his altar.
• 1 Kgs 16:31 : 31 And it came to pass, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, that he took to wife Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Sidonians, and went and served Baal, and worshipped him.
• Ps 81:12 : 12 So I let them go after the stubbornness of their heart, That they might walk in their own counsels.
• Jer 5:31 : 31 the prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests bear rule by their means; and my people love to have it so: and what will ye do in the end thereof?
• Jer 31:2 : 2 Thus saith Jehovah, The people that were left of the sword found favor in the wilderness; even Israel, when I went to cause him to rest.
• Hos 11:1 : 1 When Israel was a child, then I loved him, and called my son out of Egypt.
• Amos 4:5 : 5 and offer a sacrifice of thanksgiving of that which is leavened, and proclaim freewill-offerings and publish them: for this pleaseth you, O ye children of Israel, saith the Lord Jehovah.