Isaiah 9:3

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Thou hast multiplied the nation, thou hast increased their joy: they joy before thee according to the joy in harvest, as men rejoice when they divide the spoil.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

כִּ֣י ׀ אֶת־עֹ֣ל סֻבֳּל֗וֹ וְאֵת֙ מַטֵּ֣ה שִׁכְמ֔וֹ שֵׁ֖בֶט הַנֹּגֵ֣שׂ בּ֑וֹ הַחִתֹּ֖תָ כְּי֥וֹם מִדְיָֽן׃

Transliteration

For ʾet-ʿōl his subŏlô and ʾēt-maṭṭēh his šiḵmô šēḇeṭ the nōgēś in him, you haḥittōtā like yôm midyān.

Grammar Details

• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *ʿōl*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - yoke of
• *subŏlô*: noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person, masculine, singular suffix - his burden
• *maṭṭēh*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - staff of/rod of
• *šiḵmô*: noun, masculine, singular with 3rd person, masculine, singular suffix - his shoulder
• *šēḇeṭ*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - rod of/staff of
• *nōgēś*: participle, Qal, masculine, singular - oppressor/taskmaster
• *haḥittōtā*: verb, Hiphil, perfect, 2nd person, masculine, singular - you have broken/shattered
• *yôm*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - day of
• *midyān*: proper noun - Midian

Word Meanings

• *ʿōl*: yoke/burden
• *subŏlô*: his burden/his load
• *maṭṭēh*: staff/rod/branch
• *šēḇeṭ*: rod/staff/tribe/scepter
• *nōgēś*: oppressor/taskmaster/one who drives
• *haḥittōtā*: broken/shattered/dismayed

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 30:16 : 16 And when he had brought him down, behold, they were spread abroad over all the ground, eating and drinking, and dancing, because of all the great spoil that they had taken out of the land of the Philistines, and out of the land of Judah.
• Ps 119:162 : 162 I rejoice at thy word, As one that findeth great spoil.
• Isa 65:18 : 18 But be ye glad and rejoice for ever in that which I create; for, behold, I create Jerusalem a rejoicing, and her people a joy.
• Isa 66:10 : 10 Rejoice ye with Jerusalem, and be glad for her, all ye that love her: rejoice for joy with her, all ye that mourn over her;
• Isa 26:15 : 15 Thou hast increased the nation, O Jehovah, thou hast increased the nation; thou art glorified; thou hast enlarged all the borders of the land.
• Isa 35:10 : 10 and the ransomed of Jehovah shall return, and come with singing unto Zion; and everlasting joy shall be upon their heads: they shall obtain gladness and joy, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away.
• Ps 4:7 : 7 Thou hast put gladness in my heart, More than [they have] when their grain and their new wine are increased.
• Ps 107:38 : 38 He blesseth them also, so that they are multiplied greatly; And he suffereth not their cattle to decrease.
• 2 Chr 20:25-28 : 25 And when Jehoshaphat and his people came to take the spoil of them, they found among them in abundance both riches and dead bodies, and precious jewels, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away: and they were three days in taking the spoil, it was so much. 26 And on the fourth day they assembled themselves in the valley of Beracah; for there they blessed Jehovah: therefore the name of that place was called The valley of Beracah unto this day. 27 Then they returned, every man of Judah and Jerusalem, and Jehoshaphat in the forefront of them, to go again to Jerusalem with joy; for Jehovah had made them to rejoice over their enemies. 28 And they came to Jerusalem with psalteries and harps and trumpets unto the house of Jehovah.
• Neh 9:23 : 23 Their children also multipliedst thou as the stars of heaven, and broughtest them into the land concerning which thou didst say to their fathers, that they should go in to possess it.
• Ps 126:5-6 : 5 They that sow in tears shall reap in joy. 6 He that goeth forth and weepeth, bearing seed for sowing, Shall doubtless come again with joy, bringing his sheaves [with him].
• Isa 12:1 : 1 And in that day thou shalt say, I will give thanks unto thee, O Jehovah; for though thou wast angry with me, thine anger is turned away and thou comfortest me.
• Isa 16:9-9 : 9 Therefore I will weep with the weeping of Jazer for the vine of Sibmah; I will water thee with my tears, O Heshbon, and Elealeh: for upon thy summer fruits and upon thy harvest the [battle] shout is fallen. 10 And gladness is taken away, and joy out of the fruitful field; and in the vineyards there shall be no singing, neither joyful noise: no treader shall tread out wine in the presses; I have made the [vintage] shout to cease.
• Isa 25:9 : 9 And it shall be said in that day, Lo, this is our God; we have waited for him, and he will save us: this is Jehovah; we have waited for him, we will be glad and rejoice in his salvation.
• Jer 31:7 : 7 For thus saith Jehovah, Sing with gladness for Jacob, and shout for the chief of the nations: publish ye, praise ye, and say, O Jehovah, save thy people, the remnant of Israel.
• Jer 31:12-14 : 12 And they shall come and sing in the height of Zion, and shall flow unto the goodness of Jehovah, to the grain, and to the new wine, and to the oil, and to the young of the flock and of the herd: and their soul shall be as a watered garden; and they shall not sorrow any more at all. 13 Then shall the virgin rejoice in the dance, and the young men and the old together; for I will turn their mourning into joy, and will comfort them, and make them rejoice from their sorrow. 14 And I will satiate the soul of the priests with fatness, and my people shall be satisfied with my goodness, saith Jehovah.
• Hos 4:7 : 7 As they were multiplied, so they sinned against me: I will change their glory into shame.
• Zech 2:11 : 11 And many nations shall join themselves to Jehovah in that day, and shall be my people; and I will dwell in the midst of thee, and thou shalt know that Jehovah of hosts has sent me unto thee.
• Zech 8:23 : 23 Thus saith Jehovah of hosts: In those days [it shall come to pass], that ten men shall take hold, out of all the languages of the nations, they shall take hold of the skirt of him that is a Jew, saying, We will go with you, for we have heard that God is with you.
• Zech 10:8 : 8 I will hiss for them, and gather them; for I have redeemed them; and they shall increase as they have increased.
• Luke 11:22 : 22 but when a stronger than he shall come upon him, and overcome him, he taketh from him his whole armor wherein he trusted, and divideth his spoils.
• Acts 8:8 : 8 And there was much joy in that city.
• Phil 4:4 : 4 Rejoice in the Lord always: again I will say, Rejoice.
• 1 Pet 1:8 : 8 whom not having seen ye love; on whom, though now ye see him not, yet believing, ye rejoice greatly with joy unspeakable and full of glory:
• Isa 49:20-22 : 20 The children of thy bereavement shall yet say in thine ears, The place is too strait for me; give place to me that I may dwell. 21 Then shalt thou say in thy heart, Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have been bereaved of my children, and am solitary, an exile, and wandering to and fro? and who hath brought up these? Behold, I was left alone; these, where were they? 22 Thus saith the Lord Jehovah, Behold, I will lift up my hand to the nations, and set up my ensign to the peoples; and they shall bring thy sons in their bosom, and thy daughters shall be carried upon their shoulders.
• Isa 54:1 : 1 Sing, O barren, thou that didst not bear; break forth into singing, and cry aloud, thou that didst not travail with child: for more are the children of the desolate than the children of the married wife, saith Jehovah.
• Isa 55:12 : 12 For ye shall go out with joy, and be led forth with peace: the mountains and the hills shall break forth before you into singing; and all the trees of the fields shall clap their hands.
• Isa 61:7 : 7 Instead of your shame [ye shall have] double; and instead of dishonor they shall rejoice in their portion: therefore in their land they shall possess double; everlasting joy shall be unto them.
• Isa 61:10 : 10 I will greatly rejoice in Jehovah, my soul shall be joyful in my God; for he hath clothed me with the garments of salvation, he hath covered me with the robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom decketh himself with a garland, and as a bride adorneth herself with her jewels.
• Isa 35:2 : 2 It shall blossom abundantly, and rejoice even with joy and singing; the glory of Lebanon shall be given unto it, the excellency of Carmel and Sharon: they shall see the glory of Jehovah, the excellency of our God.
• Judg 5:3 : 3 Hear, O ye kings; give ear, O ye princes; I, [even] I, will sing unto Jehovah; I will sing praise to Jehovah, the God of Israel.