Jeremiah 13:16

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Give glory to Jehovah your God, before he cause darkness, and before your feet stumble upon the dark mountains, and, while ye look for light, he turn it into the shadow of death, and make it gross darkness.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

תְּנוּ֩ לַיהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֤ם כָּבוֹד֙ בְּטֶ֣רֶם יַחְשִׁ֔ךְ וּבְטֶ֛רֶם יִֽתְנַגְּפ֥וּ רַגְלֵיכֶ֖ם עַל־הָ֣רֵי נָ֑שֶׁף וְקִוִּיתֶ֤ם לְאוֹר֙ וְשָׂמָ֣הּ לְצַלְמָ֔וֶת *ישית **וְשִׁ֖ית לַעֲרָפֶֽל׃

Transliteration

Tenû to YHWH ʾĕlōhêkem kābôd before yachshîk and before yitnagepû ragalêkem upon hārê nāshep, and qiwwîtem leʾôr and śāmāh leṣalmāwet and shît laʿărāpel.

Grammar Details

• *tenû*: imperative, masculine plural - give
• *laYHWH*: preposition with proper noun - to the LORD
• *ʾĕlōhêkem*: noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God
• *kābôd*: noun, masculine singular - glory/honor
• *beṭerem*: preposition with adverb - before
• *yachshîk*: hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it grows dark
• *ûbeṭerem*: conjunction with preposition with adverb - and before
• *yitnagepû*: hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they stumble
• *ragalêkem*: noun, feminine dual with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your feet
• *ʿal*: preposition - upon/on
• *hārê*: noun, masculine plural construct - mountains of
• *nāshep*: noun, masculine singular - twilight/darkness
• *weqiwwîtem*: conjunction with piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you wait/hope
• *leʾôr*: preposition with noun, masculine singular - for light
• *weśāmāh*: conjunction with perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he will make it
• *leṣalmāwet*: preposition with noun, masculine singular - deep darkness/shadow of death
• *weshît*: conjunction with infinitive construct alternative form - and set/place
• *laʿărāpel*: preposition with noun, masculine singular - for thick darkness/gloom

Word Meanings

• *nāshep*: twilight/darkness/dusk
• *ṣalmāwet*: deep darkness/shadow of death
• *shît*: set/place/put
• *ʿărāpel*: thick clouds/deep darkness

Referenced Verses

• Isa 8:22 : 22 and they shall look unto the earth, and behold, distress and darkness, the gloom of anguish; and into thick darkness [they shall be] driven away.
• Isa 59:9 : 9 Therefore is justice far from us, neither doth righteousness overtake us: we look for light, but, behold, darkness; for brightness, but we walk in obscurity.
• Josh 7:19 : 19 And Joshua said unto Achan, My son, give, I pray thee, glory to Jehovah, the God of Israel, and make confession unto him; and tell me now what thou hast done; hide it not from me.
• Prov 4:19 : 19 The way of the wicked is as darkness: They know not at what they stumble.
• Isa 5:30 : 30 And they shall roar against them in that day like the roaring of the sea: and if one look unto the land, behold, darkness and distress; and the light is darkened in the clouds thereof.
• Isa 60:2 : 2 For, behold, darkness shall cover the earth, and gross darkness the peoples; but Jehovah will arise upon thee, and his glory shall be seen upon thee.
• Jer 23:12 : 12 Wherefore their way shall be unto them as slippery places in the darkness: they shall be driven on, and fall therein; for I will bring evil upon them, even the year of their visitation, saith Jehovah.
• Ps 44:19 : 19 That thou hast sore broken us in the place of jackals, And covered us with the shadow of death.
• Ps 96:7-8 : 7 Ascribe unto Jehovah, ye kindreds of the peoples, Ascribe unto Jehovah glory and strength. 8 Ascribe unto Jehovah the glory due unto his name: Bring an offering, and come into his courts.
• 1 Sam 6:5 : 5 Wherefore ye shall make images of your tumors, and images of your mice that mar the land; and ye shall give glory unto the God of Israel: peradventure he will lighten his hand from off you, and from off your gods, and from off your land.
• Exod 10:21 : 21 And Jehovah said unto Moses, Stretch out thy hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt.
• Eccl 11:8 : 8 Yea, if a man live many years, let him rejoice in them all; but let him remember the days of darkness, for they shall be many. All that cometh is vanity.
• Eccl 12:1-2 : 1 Remember also thy Creator in the days of thy youth, before the evil days come, and the years draw nigh, when thou shalt say, I have no pleasure in them; 2 before the sun, and the light, and the moon, and the stars, are darkened, and the clouds return after the rain;
• Lam 4:17 : 17 Our eyes do yet fail [in looking] for our vain help: In our watching we have watched for a nation that could not save.
• Amos 8:9-9 : 9 And it shall come to pass in that day, saith the Lord Jehovah, that I will cause the sun to go down at noon, and I will darken the earth in the clear day. 10 And I will turn your feasts into mourning, and all your songs into lamentation; and I will bring sackcloth upon all loins, and baldness upon every head; and I will make it as the mourning for an only son, and the end thereof as a bitter day.
• John 12:35 : 35 Jesus therefore said unto them, Yet a little while is the light among you. Walk while ye have the light, that darkness overtake you not: and he that walketh in the darkness knoweth not whither he goeth.
• 1 Pet 2:8 : 8 and, A stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence; for they stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.
• 1 John 2:10-11 : 10 He that loveth his brother abideth in the light, and there is no occasion of stumbling in him. 11 But he that hateth his brother is in the darkness, and walketh in the darkness, and knoweth not whither he goeth, because the darkness hath blinded his eyes.
• Jer 4:23 : 23 I beheld the earth, and, lo, it was waste and void; and the heavens, and they had no light.
• Jer 8:15 : 15 We looked for peace, but no good came; [and] for a time of healing, and, behold, dismay!
• Jer 14:19 : 19 Hast thou utterly rejected Judah? hath thy soul loathed Zion? why hast thou smitten us, and there is no healing for us? We looked for peace, but no good came; and for a time of healing, and, behold, dismay!