Job 28:4

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

He breaketh open a shaft away from where men sojourn; They are forgotten of the foot; They hang afar from men, they swing to and fro.

Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

פָּ֤רַץ נַ֨חַל ׀ מֵֽעִם־גָּ֗ר הַֽנִּשְׁכָּחִ֥ים מִנִּי־רָ֑גֶל דַּ֖לּוּ מֵאֱנ֣וֹשׁ נָֽעוּ׃

Transliteration

Pāraṣ naḥal from-with-gār the-niškāḥîm from-rāḡel dallû from-ʾĕnôš nāʿû

Grammar Details

*pāraṣ*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he broke open/breached
*naḥal*: noun, masculine, singular, absolute - stream/torrent/wadi
*gār*: verb, qal participle, masculine singular - sojourning/dwelling temporarily
*niškāḥîm*: verb, niphal participle, masculine plural - being forgotten
*rāḡel*: noun, feminine, singular, absolute - foot
*dallû*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they hang/dangle/swing
*ʾĕnôš*: noun, masculine, singular, absolute - man/mankind
*nāʿû*: verb, qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they wander/move to and fro

Word Meanings

*pāraṣ*: breaks through/breaches/bursts open
*naḥal*: stream/torrent/wadi/shaft
*gār*: sojourner/temporary resident
*niškāḥîm*: forgotten ones/those forgotten
*dallû*: hang down/dangle/are low/weak
*nāʿû*: wander/stagger/totter/move to and fro

ℹ️

About this Translation

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Formal EquivalenceSource: American Standard VersionBest for: Word studies and original-language research

🎯 Translation Approach

A highly literal, word-for-word translation (ASV, 1901) augmented with Strong's numbering to connect English words to underlying Hebrew and Greek terms for study.

Word-for-word

5/5

Readability

2/5

💎 Distinctive Features

Integrated Strong's numbering: Links English terms to underlying Hebrew and Greek words for deeper lexical study.
Formal equivalence: Prioritizes close alignment with source-language forms and structures.
Divine name rendering: Frequently renders the Tetragrammaton as Jehovah in the Old Testament, following ASV tradition.
Study-focused formatting: Optimized for reference and research rather than casual reading.

✅ Strengths

High fidelity to original languages
Includes Strong's numbers for precise word study
Consistent lexical choices aid exegesis
Stable, longstanding scholarly text

⚠️ Considerations

Archaic language reduces readability
Older textual basis compared to some modern translations
Strong's numbers are a concordance index, not full lexical definitions

👥 Who is this for?

Ideal for

Pastors and teachers
Seminary students
Serious Bible students
Readers conducting word studies
Those referencing Hebrew/Greek tools

Consider alternatives for

Casual readers
Children and early teens
ESL learners seeking simple English
Readers preferring contemporary language

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