John 11:51

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Now this he said not of himself: but, being high priest that year, he prophesied that Jesus should die for the nation;

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Τοῦτο δὲ ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ οὐκ εἶπεν: ἀλλὰ ἀρχιερεὺς ὢν τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ ἐκείνου, προεφήτευσεν ὅτι ἔμελλεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς ἀποθνῄσκειν ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἔθνους·

Transliteration

This de aph' heautou ouk eipen: alla archiereus ōn tou eniautou ekeinou, proephēteusen hoti emellen ho Iēsous apothnēskein hyper tou ethnous.

Grammar Details

• *touto*: demonstrative pronoun, accusative neuter singular - this
• *de*: postpositive conjunction - but/and
• *aph' heautou*: preposition + reflexive pronoun, genitive masculine singular - from himself
• *ouk*: negative particle - not
• *eipen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he said
• *alla*: strong adversative conjunction - but
• *archiereus*: nominative masculine singular - high priest
• *ōn*: present active participle, nominative masculine singular - being
• *tou eniautou*: genitive masculine singular - of the year
• *ekeinou*: demonstrative pronoun, genitive masculine singular - that
• *proephēteusen*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular - he prophesied
• *hoti*: conjunction - that
• *emellen*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd person singular - was about to/was going to
• *ho Iēsous*: nominative masculine singular - Jesus
• *apothnēskein*: present active infinitive - to die
• *hyper*: preposition + genitive - on behalf of/for
• *tou ethnous*: genitive neuter singular - the nation

Word Meanings

• *aph' heautou*: from himself/on his own initiative
• *archiereus*: high priest/chief priest
• *eniautou*: year/annual period
• *proephēteusen*: prophesied/foretold
• *emellen*: was about to/was going to/intended to
• *apothnēskein*: to die/to be dying
• *ethnous*: nation/people/ethnic group

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 23:9 : 9 And David knew that Saul was devising mischief against him; and he said to Abiathar the priest, Bring hither the ephod.
• Exod 28:30 : 30 And thou shalt put in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and the Thummim; and they shall be upon Aaron's heart, when he goeth in before Jehovah: and Aaron shall bear the judgment of the children of Israel upon his heart before Jehovah continually.
• Num 22:28 : 28 And Jehovah opened the mouth of the ass, and she said unto Balaam, What have I done unto thee, that thou hast smitten me these three times?
• Num 24:2 : 2 And Balaam lifted up his eyes, and he saw Israel dwelling according to their tribes; and the Spirit of God came upon him.
• Num 24:14-25 : 14 And now, behold, I go unto my people: come, [and] I will advertise thee what this people shall do to thy people in the latter days. 15 And he took up his parable, and said, Balaam the son of Beor saith, And the man whose eye was closed saith; 16 He saith, who heareth the words of God, And knoweth the knowledge of the Most High, Who seeth the vision of the Almighty, Falling down, and having his eyes open: 17 I see him, but not now; I behold him, but not nigh: There shall come forth a star out of Jacob, And a sceptre shall rise out of Israel, And shall smite through the corners of Moab, And break down all the sons of tumult. 18 And Edom shall be a possession, Seir also shall be a possession, [who were] his enemies; While Israel doeth valiantly. 19 And out of Jacob shall one have dominion, And shall destroy the remnant from the city. 20 And he looked on Amalek, and took up his parable, and said, Amalek was the first of the nations; But his latter end shall come to destruction. 21 And he looked on the Kenite, and took up his parable, and said, Strong is thy dwelling-place, And thy nest is set in the rock. 22 Nevertheless Kain shall be wasted, Until Asshur shall carry thee away captive. 23 And he took up his parable, and said, Alas, who shall live when God doeth this? 24 But ships [shall come] from the coast of Kittim, And they shall afflict Asshur, and shall afflict Eber; And he also shall come to destruction. 25 And Balaam rose up, and went and returned to his place; and Balak also went his way.
• Judg 20:27-28 : 27 And the children of Israel asked of Jehovah (for the ark of the covenant of God was there in those days, 28 and Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron, stood before it in those days), saying, Shall I yet again go out to battle against the children of Benjamin my brother, or shall I cease? And Jehovah said, Go up; for to-morrow I will deliver him into thy hand.
• 1 Sam 28:6 : 6 And when Saul inquired of Jehovah, Jehovah answered him not, neither by dreams, nor by Urim, nor by prophets.
• Isa 53:5-8 : 5 But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities; the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed. 6 All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and Jehovah hath laid on him the iniquity of us all. 7 He was oppressed, yet when he was afflicted he opened not his mouth; as a lamb that is led to the slaughter, and as a sheep that before its shearers is dumb, so he opened not his mouth. 8 By oppression and judgment he was taken away; and as for his generation, who [among them] considered that he was cut off out of the land of the living for the transgression of my people to whom the stroke [was due]?
• Dan 9:26 : 26 And after the threescore and two weeks shall the anointed one be cut off, and shall have nothing: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and even unto the end shall be war; desolations are determined.
• Matt 7:22-23 : 22 Many will say to me in that day, Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy by thy name, and by thy name cast out demons, and by thy name do many mighty works? 23 And then will I profess unto them, I never knew you: depart from me, ye that work iniquity.
• Matt 20:28 : 28 even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.
• John 10:15 : 15 even as the Father knoweth me, and I know the Father; and I lay down my life for the sheep.
• Rom 3:25-26 : 25 whom God set forth [to be] a propitiation, through faith, in his blood, to show his righteousness because of the passing over of the sins done aforetime, in the forbearance of God; 26 for the showing, [I say], of his righteousness at this present season: that he might himself be just, and the justifier of him that hath faith in Jesus.
• 1 Cor 13:2 : 2 And if I have [the gift of] prophecy, and know all mysteries and all knowledge; and if I have all faith, so as to remove mountains, but have not love, I am nothing.
• 2 Cor 5:21 : 21 {G1063} Him who knew no sin he made [to be] sin on our behalf; that we might become the righteousness of God in him.
• Gal 3:13 : 13 Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us; for it is written, Cursed is every one that hangeth on a tree:
• Gal 4:4-5 : 4 but when the fulness of the time came, God sent forth his Son, born of a woman, born under the law, 5 that he might redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.
• 1 Pet 2:24 : 24 who his own self bare our sins in his body upon the tree, that we, having died unto sins, might live unto righteousness; by whose stripes ye were healed.
• 1 Pet 3:18 : 18 Because Christ also {G3958} suffered for sins once, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God; being put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit;
• 2 Pet 2:15-17 : 15 forsaking the right way, they went astray, having followed the way of Balaam the [son] of Beor, who loved the hire of wrong-doing; 16 but he was rebuked for his own transgression: a dumb ass spake with man's voice and stayed the madness of the prophet. 17 These are springs without water, and mists driven by a storm; for whom the blackness of darkness hath been reserved.