Jonah 1:5

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man unto his god; and they cast forth the wares that were in the ship into the sea, to lighten it unto them. But Jonah was gone down into the innermost parts of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּֽירְא֣וּ הַמַּלָּחִ֗ים וַֽיִּזְעֲקוּ֮ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל־אֱלֹהָיו֒ וַיָּטִ֨לוּ אֶת־הַכֵּלִ֜ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר בָּֽאֳנִיָּה֙ אֶל־הַיָּ֔ם לְהָקֵ֖ל מֵֽעֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְיוֹנָ֗ה יָרַד֙ אֶל־יַרְכְּתֵ֣י הַסְּפִינָ֔ה וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב וַיֵּרָדַֽם׃

Transliteration

And-wayyîrəʾû the-mallāḥîm and-wayyizʿăqû ʾîš unto-ʾĕlōhāyw and-wayyāṭilû the-kēlîm which in-the-ʾŏniyyāh unto-the-yām ləhāqēl from-upon-them and-Yônāh yāraḏ unto-yarḵəṯēy the-səpînāh and-wayyiškaḇ and-wayyērāḏam

Grammar Details

• *wayyîrəʾû*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they feared
• *mallāḥîm*: noun masculine plural + definite article - sailors/mariners
• *wayyizʿăqû*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they cried out
• *ʾîš*: noun masculine singular - each man
• *ʾĕlōhāyw*: noun masculine plural + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his gods/his God
• *wayyāṭilû*: waw consecutive + hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural - and they threw
• *kēlîm*: noun masculine plural + definite article - vessels/cargo/equipment
• *ʾŏniyyāh*: noun feminine singular + definite article - ship
• *yām*: noun masculine singular + definite article - sea
• *ləhāqēl*: preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - to lighten
• *yāraḏ*: qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - had gone down
• *yarḵəṯēy*: noun feminine plural construct - innermost parts/sides
• *səpînāh*: noun feminine singular + definite article - ship/vessel
• *wayyiškaḇ*: waw consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he lay down
• *wayyērāḏam*: waw consecutive + niphal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he fell fast asleep

Word Meanings

• *mallāḥîm*: sailors/mariners/seamen
• *wayyizʿăqû*: cried out/called/shouted
• *kēlîm*: vessels/cargo/equipment/implements
• *ləhāqēl*: to lighten/make lighter/ease
• *yarḵəṯēy*: innermost parts/sides/recesses
• *wayyērāḏam*: fell fast asleep/went into deep sleep

Referenced Verses

• Acts 27:18-19 : 18 And as we labored exceedingly with the storm, the next day they began to throw the [the freight] overboard; 19 and the third day they cast out with their own hands the tackling of the ship.
• Acts 27:38 : 38 And when they had eaten enough, they lightened the ship, throwing out the wheat into the sea.
• 1 Kgs 18:26 : 26 And they took the bullock which was given them, and they dressed it, and called on the name of Baal from morning even until noon, saying, O Baal, hear us. But there was no voice, nor any that answered. And they leaped about the altar which was made.
• Job 2:4 : 4 And Satan answered Jehovah, and said, Skin for skin, yea, all that a man hath will he give for his life.
• Isa 44:17-20 : 17 And the residue thereof he maketh a god, even his graven image; he falleth down unto it and worshippeth, and prayeth unto it, and saith, Deliver me; for thou art my god. 18 They know not, neither do they consider: for he hath shut their eyes, that they cannot see; and their hearts, that they cannot understand. 19 And none calleth to mind, neither is there knowledge nor understanding to say, I have burned part of it in the fire; yea, also I have baked bread upon the coals thereof; I have roasted flesh and eaten it: and shall I make the residue thereof an abomination? shall I fall down to the stock of a tree? 20 He feedeth on ashes; a deceived heart hath turned him aside; and he cannot deliver his soul, nor say, Is there not a lie in my right hand?
• Isa 45:20 : 20 Assemble yourselves and come; draw near together, ye that are escaped of the nations: they have no knowledge that carry the wood of their graven image, and pray unto a god that cannot save.
• Jer 2:28 : 28 But where are thy gods that thou hast made thee? let them arise, if they can save thee in the time of thy trouble: for according to the number of thy cities are thy gods, O Judah.
• Hos 7:14 : 14 And they have not cried unto me with their heart, but they howl upon their beds: they assemble themselves for grain and new wine; they rebel against me.
• Jonah 1:6 : 6 So the shipmaster came to him, and said unto him, What meanest thou, O sleeper? arise, call upon thy God, if so be that God will think upon us, that we perish not.
• Jonah 1:14 : 14 Wherefore they cried unto Jehovah, and said, We beseech thee, O Jehovah, we beseech thee, let us not perish for this man's life, and lay not upon us innocent blood; for thou, O Jehovah, hast done as it pleased thee.
• Jonah 1:16 : 16 Then the men feared Jehovah exceedingly; and they offered a sacrifice unto Jehovah, and made vows.
• Matt 25:5 : 5 Now while the bridegroom tarried, they all slumbered and slept.
• Matt 26:40-41 : 40 And he cometh unto the disciples, and findeth them sleeping, and saith unto Peter, What, could ye not watch with me one hour? 41 Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation: the spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak.
• Matt 26:43 : 43 And he came again and found them sleeping, for their eyes were heavy.
• Matt 26:45 : 45 Then cometh he to the disciples, and saith unto them, Sleep on now, and take your rest: behold, the hour is at hand, and the Son of man is betrayed into the hands of sinners.
• Luke 22:45-46 : 45 And when he rose up from his prayer, he came unto the disciples, and found them sleeping for sorrow, 46 and said unto them, Why sleep ye? rise and pray, that ye enter not into temptation.
• Phil 3:7-8 : 7 Howbeit what things were gain to me, these have I counted loss for Christ. 8 Yea verily, and I count all things to be loss for the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord: for whom I suffered the loss of all things, and do count them but refuse, that I may gain Christ,
• Judg 16:19 : 19 And she made him sleep upon her knees; and she called for a man, and shaved off the seven locks of his head; and she began to afflict him, and his strength went from him.
• 1 Sam 24:3 : 3 And he came to the sheepcotes by the way, where was a cave; and Saul went in to cover his feet. Now David and his men were abiding in the innermost parts of the cave.