Joshua 10:13

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, Until the nation had avenged themselves of their enemies. Is not this written in the book of Jashar? And the sun stayed in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day.

Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּדֹּ֨ם הַשֶּׁ֜מֶשׁ וְיָרֵ֣חַ עָמָ֗ד עַד־יִקֹּ֥ם גּוֹי֙ אֹֽיְבָ֔יו הֲלֹא־הִ֥יא כְתוּבָ֖ה עַל־סֵ֣פֶר הַיָּשָׁ֑ר וַיַּעֲמֹ֤ד הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ בַּחֲצִ֣י הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְלֹא־אָ֥ץ לָב֖וֹא כְּי֥וֹם תָּמִֽים׃

Transliteration

wə-yīddōm the šemeš and yārēaḥ ʿāmād until yīqqōm gôy ʾōyəbāyw hă-lōʾ-hîʾ kətûbâ on sēper the yāšār and wə-yaʿămōd the šemeš in ḥăṣî the šāmayīm and not ʾāṣ to lābôʾ like yôm tāmîm

Grammar Details

*wə-yīddōm*: waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and became silent/stopped
*šemeš*: noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sun
*yārēaḥ*: noun, masculine singular - moon
*ʿāmād*: Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - stood/stayed
*yīqqōm*: Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - would avenge itself
*gôy*: noun, masculine singular - nation
*ʾōyəbāyw*: noun, masculine plural construct with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his enemies
*hă-lōʾ-hîʾ*: interrogative particle + negative particle + 3rd feminine singular pronoun - is it not?
*kətûbâ*: Qal passive participle, feminine singular - written
*sēper*: noun, masculine singular construct - book of
*yāšār*: noun/adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the upright/just
*wə-yaʿămōd*: waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and stood/remained
*ḥăṣî*: noun, masculine singular construct - middle/half of
*šāmayīm*: noun, masculine plural with definite article - the heavens/sky
*ʾāṣ*: Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - hastened
*lābôʾ*: preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to come/go
*yôm*: noun, masculine singular - day
*tāmîm*: adjective, masculine singular - complete/whole

Word Meanings

*wə-yīddōm*: became silent/stood still/ceased
*šemeš*: sun
*yārēaḥ*: moon
*ʿāmād*: stood/stayed/halted
*yīqqōm*: took vengeance/avenged itself/vindicated
*gôy*: nation/people
*ʾōyəbāyw*: his enemies/adversaries
*kətûbâ*: written/recorded
*sēper*: book/scroll/document
*yāšār*: the Upright/Jashar/the Just
*ḥăṣî*: half/middle/midst
*šāmayīm*: heavens/sky
*ʾāṣ*: hastened/hurried/rushed
*lābôʾ*: to go/to come/to enter
*tāmîm*: complete/whole/perfect/full

ℹ️

About this Translation

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Formal EquivalenceSource: American Standard VersionBest for: Word studies and original-language research

🎯 Translation Approach

A highly literal, word-for-word translation (ASV, 1901) augmented with Strong's numbering to connect English words to underlying Hebrew and Greek terms for study.

Word-for-word

5/5

Readability

2/5

💎 Distinctive Features

Integrated Strong's numbering: Links English terms to underlying Hebrew and Greek words for deeper lexical study.
Formal equivalence: Prioritizes close alignment with source-language forms and structures.
Divine name rendering: Frequently renders the Tetragrammaton as Jehovah in the Old Testament, following ASV tradition.
Study-focused formatting: Optimized for reference and research rather than casual reading.

✅ Strengths

High fidelity to original languages
Includes Strong's numbers for precise word study
Consistent lexical choices aid exegesis
Stable, longstanding scholarly text

⚠️ Considerations

Archaic language reduces readability
Older textual basis compared to some modern translations
Strong's numbers are a concordance index, not full lexical definitions

👥 Who is this for?

Ideal for

Pastors and teachers
Seminary students
Serious Bible students
Readers conducting word studies
Those referencing Hebrew/Greek tools

Consider alternatives for

Casual readers
Children and early teens
ESL learners seeking simple English
Readers preferring contemporary language

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Additional Resources

Referenced Verses

2 Sam 1:18 : 18 (and he bade them teach the children of Judah [the song of] the bow: behold, it is written in the book of Jashar):
Isa 38:8 : 8 behold, I will cause the shadow on the steps, which is gone down on the {H8121} dial of Ahaz with the sun, to return backward ten steps. So the sun returned ten steps on the dial whereon it was gone down.
Hab 3:11 : 11 The sun and moon stood still in their habitation, At the light of thine arrows as they went, At the shining of thy glittering spear.
Matt 5:45 : 45 that ye may be sons of your Father who is in heaven: for he maketh his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sendeth rain on the just and the unjust.
Matt 24:29 : 29 But immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun shall be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken:
Luke 18:7 : 7 And shall not God avenge his elect, that cry to him day and night, and [yet] he is longsuffering over them?
Acts 2:20 : 20 The sun shall be turned into darkness, And the moon into blood, Before the day of the Lord come, That great and notable [day].
Rev 6:10 : 10 and they cried with a great voice, saying, How long, O Master, the holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth?
Rev 6:12 : 12 And I saw when he opened the sixth seal, and {G2400} there was a great earthquake; and the sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the whole moon became as blood;
Rev 8:12 : 12 And the fourth angel sounded, and the third part of the sun was smitten, and the third part of the moon, and the third part of the stars; that the third part of them should be darkened, and the day should not shine for the third part of it, and the night in like manner.
Rev 16:8-9 : 8 And the fourth {G32} poured out his bowl upon the sun; and it was given unto it to scorch men with fire. 9 And men were scorched with great heat: and they blasphemed the name of God who hath the power over these plagues; and they repented not to give him glory.
Rev 21:23 : 23 And the city hath no need of the sun, neither of the moon, to shine upon it: for the glory of God did lighten it, and the lamp thereof [is] the Lamb.
Esth 8:13 : 13 A copy of the writing, that the decree should be given out in every province, was published unto all the peoples, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies.
Ps 19:4 : 4 Their line is gone out through all the earth, And their words to the end of the world. In them hath he set a tabernacle for the sun,
Ps 74:16-17 : 16 The day is thine, the night also is thine: Thou hast prepared the light and the sun. 17 Thou hast set all the borders of the earth: Thou hast made summer and winter.
Ps 136:7-9 : 7 To him that made great lights; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever: 8 The sun to rule by day; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever; 9 The moon and stars to rule by night; For his lovingkindness [endureth] for ever:
Ps 148:3 : 3 Praise ye him, sun and moon: Praise him, all ye stars of light.
Isa 24:23 : 23 Then the moon shall be confounded, and the sun ashamed; for Jehovah of hosts will reign in mount Zion, and in Jerusalem; and before his elders shall be glory.
Num 21:14 : 14 Wherefore it is said in the book of the Wars of Jehovah, Vaheb in Suphah, And the valleys of the Arnon,
Num 31:2 : 2 Avenge the children of Israel of the Midianites: afterward shalt thou be gathered unto thy people.
Josh 10:11 : 11 And it came to pass, as they fled from before Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth-horon, that Jehovah cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died: they were more who died with the hailstones than they whom the children of Israel slew with the sword.
Josh 10:14 : 14 And there was no day like that before it or after it, that Jehovah hearkened unto the voice of a man: for Jehovah fought for Israel.
Judg 5:2 : 2 For that the leaders took the lead in Israel, For that the people offered themselves willingly, Bless ye Jehovah.
Judg 16:28 : 28 And Samson called unto Jehovah, and said, O Lord Jehovah, remember me, I pray thee, and strengthen me, I pray thee, only this once, O God, that I may be at once avenged of the Philistines for my two eyes.
Joel 2:10 : 10 The earth quaketh before them; the heavens tremble; the sun and the moon are darkened, and the stars withdraw their shining.
Joel 2:31 : 31 The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and terrible day of Jehovah cometh.
Joel 3:15 : 15 The sun and the moon are darkened, and the stars withdraw their shining.

Similar Verses (AI)

These verses are found using AI-powered semantic similarity based on meaning and context. Results may occasionally include unexpected connections.

Josh 10:9-12
4 verses
90%
9Joshua therefore came upon them suddenly; [for] he went up from Gilgal all the night.
10And Jehovah discomfited them before Israel, and he slew them with a great slaughter at Gibeon, and chased them by the way of the ascent of Beth-horon, and smote them to Azekah, and unto Makkedah.
11And it came to pass, as they fled from before Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth-horon, that Jehovah cast down great stones from heaven upon them unto Azekah, and they died: they were more who died with the hailstones than they whom the children of Israel slew with the sword.
12Then spake Joshua to Jehovah in the day when Jehovah delivered up the Amorites before the children of Israel; and he said in the sight of Israel, Sun, stand thou still upon Gibeon; And thou, Moon, in the valley of Aijalon.
Josh 10:14-15
2 verses
79%
14And there was no day like that before it or after it, that Jehovah hearkened unto the voice of a man: for Jehovah fought for Israel.
15And Joshua returned, and all Israel with him, unto the camp to Gilgal.
Hab 3:11
77%
11The sun and moon stood still in their habitation, At the light of thine arrows as they went, At the shining of thy glittering spear.
Josh 10:27
70%
27And it came to pass at the time of the going down of the sun, that Joshua commanded, and they took them down off the trees, and cast them into the cave wherein they had hidden themselves, and laid great stones on the mouth of the cave, unto this very day.
Josh 5:13
68%
13And it came to pass, when Joshua was by Jericho, that he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, behold, there stood a man over against him with his sword drawn in his hand: and Joshua went unto him, and said unto him, Art thou for us, or for our adversaries?
Exod 17:13
68%
13And Joshua discomfited Amalek and his people with the edge of the sword.
Josh 10:42
68%
42And all these kings and their land did Joshua take at one time, because Jehovah, the God of Israel, fought for Israel.
Judg 5:31
67%
31So let all thine enemies perish, O Jehovah: But let them that love him be as the sun when he goeth forth in his might. And the land had rest forty years.
Josh 10:19-20
2 verses
67%
19but stay not ye; pursue after your enemies, and smite the hindmost of them; suffer them not to enter into their cities: for Jehovah your God hath delivered them into your hand.
20And it came to pass, when Joshua and the children of Israel had made an end of slaying them with a very great slaughter, till they were consumed, and the remnant which remained of them had entered into the fortified cities,
Ps 121:6
67%
6The sun shall not smite thee by day, Nor the moon by night.
Josh 5:1
66%
1And it came to pass, when all the kings of the Amorites, that were beyond the Jordan westward, and all the kings of the Canaanites, that were by the sea, heard how that Jehovah had dried up the waters of the Jordan from before the children of Israel, until we were passed over, that their heart melted, neither was there spirit in them any more, because of the children of Israel.
Josh 6:15
66%
15And it came to pass on the seventh day, that they rose early at the dawning of the day, and compassed the city after the same manner seven times: only on that day they compassed the city seven times.