Joshua 12:3

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

and the Arabah unto the sea of Chinneroth, eastward, and unto the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the way to Beth-jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah:

Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהָעֲרָבָה֩ עַד־יָ֨ם כִּנְר֜וֹת מִזְרָ֗חָה וְ֠עַד יָ֣ם הָעֲרָבָ֤ה יָם־הַמֶּ֙לַח֙ מִזְרָ֔חָה דֶּ֖רֶךְ בֵּ֣ית הַיְשִׁמ֑וֹת וּמִ֨תֵּימָ֔ן תַּ֖חַת אַשְׁדּ֥וֹת הַפִּסְגָּֽה׃

Transliteration

And the ʿărābāh unto yām kinnərôt mizrāḥāh and unto yām the ʿărābāh yām-hammelaḥ mizrāḥāh derek bêt hayəšimôt and from têmān under ʾašdôt the pisgāh

Grammar Details

*wə-hā-ʿărābāh*: conjunction + definite noun - and the Arabah/desert plain
*ʿad-yām*: preposition + noun construct - unto sea of
*kinnərôt*: proper noun - Kinnereth/Chinneroth
*mizrāḥāh*: noun with directional suffix - eastward
*wə-ʿad*: conjunction + preposition - and unto
*yām*: noun, masculine singular construct - sea of
*hā-ʿărābāh*: definite noun - the Arabah/desert plain
*yām-hammelaḥ*: noun construct + definite noun - sea of the salt
*derek*: noun, masculine singular construct - way/road of
*bêt*: noun, construct - house of
*ha-yəšimôt*: definite proper noun - the Jeshimoth
*û-mittêmān*: conjunction + preposition + direction noun - and from south
*taḥat*: preposition - under/beneath
*ʾašdôt*: noun, feminine plural construct - slopes/springs of
*ha-pisgāh*: definite proper noun - the Pisgah

Word Meanings

*ʿărābāh*: desert plain, arid region, Jordan Valley
*yām*: sea, lake, large body of water
*kinnərôt*: Kinnereth/Chinneroth (Sea of Galilee)
*mizrāḥāh*: eastward, toward the east
*yām-hammelaḥ*: Salt Sea, Dead Sea
*derek*: way, road, path, direction
*têmān*: south, southern region
*ʾašdôt*: slopes, springs, foothills, ravines
*pisgāh*: Pisgah (mountain or cliff)

ℹ️

About this Translation

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Formal EquivalenceSource: American Standard VersionBest for: Word studies and original-language research

🎯 Translation Approach

A highly literal, word-for-word translation (ASV, 1901) augmented with Strong's numbering to connect English words to underlying Hebrew and Greek terms for study.

Word-for-word

5/5

Readability

2/5

💎 Distinctive Features

Integrated Strong's numbering: Links English terms to underlying Hebrew and Greek words for deeper lexical study.
Formal equivalence: Prioritizes close alignment with source-language forms and structures.
Divine name rendering: Frequently renders the Tetragrammaton as Jehovah in the Old Testament, following ASV tradition.
Study-focused formatting: Optimized for reference and research rather than casual reading.

✅ Strengths

High fidelity to original languages
Includes Strong's numbers for precise word study
Consistent lexical choices aid exegesis
Stable, longstanding scholarly text

⚠️ Considerations

Archaic language reduces readability
Older textual basis compared to some modern translations
Strong's numbers are a concordance index, not full lexical definitions

👥 Who is this for?

Ideal for

Pastors and teachers
Seminary students
Serious Bible students
Readers conducting word studies
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Consider alternatives for

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Additional Resources

Referenced Verses

Deut 3:17 : 17 the Arabah also, and the Jordan and the border [thereof], from Chinnereth even unto the sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, under the slopes of Pisgah eastward.
Josh 11:2 : 2 and to the kings that were on the north, in the hill-country, and in the Arabah south of Chinneroth, and in the lowland, and in the heights of Dor on the west,
Josh 13:20 : 20 and Beth-peor, and the slopes of Pisgah, and Beth-jeshimoth,
Deut 4:49 : 49 and all the Arabah beyond the Jordan eastward, even unto the sea of the Arabah, under the slopes of Pisgah.
Josh 3:16 : 16 that the waters which came down from above stood, and rose up in one heap, a great way off, at Adam, the city that is beside Zarethan; and those that went down toward the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, were wholly cut off: and the people passed over right against Jericho.
Gen 14:3 : 3 All these joined together in the vale of Siddim (the same is the Salt Sea).
Gen 19:25 : 25 and he overthrew those cities, and all the Plain, and all the inhabitants of the cities, and that which grew upon the ground.
Num 21:20 : 20 and from Bamoth to the valley that is in the field of Moab, to the top of Pisgah, which looketh down upon the desert.
Josh 15:2 : 2 And their south border was from the uttermost part of the Salt Sea, from the bay that looketh southward;
Josh 15:5 : 5 And the east border was the Salt Sea, even unto the end of the Jordan. And the border of the north quarter was from the bay of the sea at the end of the Jordan;
John 6:1 : 1 After these things Jesus went away to the other side of the sea of Galilee, which is [the sea] of Tiberias.

Similar Verses (AI)

These verses are found using AI-powered semantic similarity based on meaning and context. Results may occasionally include unexpected connections.

Deut 3:17
91%
17the Arabah also, and the Jordan and the border [thereof], from Chinnereth even unto the sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, under the slopes of Pisgah eastward.
Josh 13:26-27
2 verses
83%
26and from Heshbon unto Ramath-mizpeh, and Betonim; and from Mahanaim unto the border of Debir;
27and in the valley, Beth-haram, and Beth-nimrah, and Succoth, and Zaphon, the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon, the Jordan and the border [thereof], unto the uttermost part of the sea of Chinnereth beyond the Jordan eastward.
Deut 4:48-49
2 verses
83%
48from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, even unto mount Sion (the same is Hermon),
49and all the Arabah beyond the Jordan eastward, even unto the sea of the Arabah, under the slopes of Pisgah.
Josh 13:20
81%
20and Beth-peor, and the slopes of Pisgah, and Beth-jeshimoth,
Josh 12:1-2
2 verses
79%
1Now these are the kings of the land, whom the children of Israel smote, and possessed their land beyond the Jordan toward the sunrising, {H4217} from the valley of the Arnon unto mount Hermon, and all the Arabah eastward:
2Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and [the city that is in] the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon;
Deut 34:2-3
2 verses
79%
2and all Naphtali, and the land of Ephraim and Manasseh, and all the land of Judah, unto the hinder sea,
3and the South, and the Plain of the valley of Jericho the city of palm-trees, unto Zoar.
Num 34:10-12
3 verses
78%
10And ye shall mark out your east border from Hazar-enan to Shepham;
11and the border shall go down from Shepham to Riblah, on the east side of Ain; and the border shall go down, and shall reach unto the side of the sea of Chinnereth eastward;
12and the border shall go down to the Jordan, and the goings out thereof shall be at the Salt Sea. This shall be your land according to the borders thereof round about.
Josh 15:2-3
2 verses
78%
2And their south border was from the uttermost part of the Salt Sea, from the bay that looketh southward;
3and it went out southward of the ascent of Akrabbim, and passed along to Zin, and went up by the south of Kadesh-barnea, and passed along by Hezron, and went up to Addar, and turned about to Karka;
Josh 11:2-3
2 verses
78%
2and to the kings that were on the north, in the hill-country, and in the Arabah south of Chinneroth, and in the lowland, and in the heights of Dor on the west,
3to the Canaanite on the east and on the west, and the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Jebusite in the hill-country, and the Hivite under Hermon in the land of Mizpah.
Num 21:20
78%
20and from Bamoth to the valley that is in the field of Moab, to the top of Pisgah, which looketh down upon the desert.
Josh 18:18-19
2 verses
78%
18and it passed along to the side over against the Arabah northward, and went down unto the Arabah;
19and the border passed along to the side of Beth-hoglah northward; and the goings out of the border were at the north bay of the Salt Sea, at the south end of the Jordan: this was the south border.
Josh 13:9-11
3 verses
77%
9from Aroer, that is on the edge of the valley of the Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the valley, and all the plain of Medeba unto Dibon;
10and all the cities of Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon, unto the border of the children of Ammon;
11and Gilead, and the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and all mount Hermon, and all Bashan unto Salecah;
Ezek 47:18-19
2 verses
77%
18And the east side, between Hauran and Damascus and Gilead, and the land of Israel, shall be the Jordan; from the [north] border unto the east sea shall ye measure. This is the east side.
19And the south side southward shall be from Tamar as far as the waters of Meriboth - kadesh, to the brook [of Egypt], unto the great sea. This is the south side southward.
Josh 15:5
76%
5And the east border was the Salt Sea, even unto the end of the Jordan. And the border of the north quarter was from the bay of the sea at the end of the Jordan;
Deut 4:46
76%
46beyond the Jordan, in the valley over against Beth-peor, in the land of Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt at Heshbon, whom Moses and the children of Israel smote, when they came forth out of Egypt.
Num 34:3-4
2 verses
76%
3then your south quarter shall be from the wilderness of Zin along by the side of Edom, and your south border shall be from the end of the Salt Sea eastward;
4and your border shall turn about southward of the ascent of Akrabbim, and pass along to Zin; and the goings out thereof shall be southward of Kadesh-barnea; and it shall go forth to Hazar-addar, and pass along to Azmon;
Josh 13:4
76%
4on the south; all the land of the Canaanites, and Mearah that belongeth to the Sidonians, unto Aphek, to the border of the Amorites;
Josh 19:34
76%
34and the border turned westward to Aznoth-tabor, and went out from thence to Hukkok; and it reached to Zebulun on the south, and reached to Asher on the west, and to Judah at the Jordan toward the sunrising.
Josh 12:8
75%
8in the hill-country, and in the lowland, and in the Arabah, and in the slopes, and in the wilderness, and in the South; the Hittite, the Amorite, and the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite:
Josh 1:4
75%
4From the wilderness, and this Lebanon, even unto the great river, the river Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites, and unto the great sea toward the going down of the sun, shall be your border.
Josh 15:10
75%
10and the border turned about from Baalah westward unto mount Seir, and passed along unto the side of mount Jearim on the north (the same is Chesalon), and went down to Beth-shemesh, and passed along by Timnah;
Deut 3:27
75%
27Get thee up unto the top of Pisgah, and lift up thine eyes westward, and northward, and southward, and eastward, and behold with thine eyes: for thou shalt not go over this Jordan.
Josh 19:12-13
2 verses
75%
12and it turned from Sarid eastward toward the sunrising unto the border of Chisloth-tabor; and it went out to Daberath, and went up to Japhia;
13and from thence it passed along eastward to Gath-hepher, to Eth-kazin; and it went out at Rimmon which stretcheth unto Neah;
Josh 18:12
75%
12And their border on the north quarter was from the Jordan; and the border went up to the side of Jericho on the north, and went up through the hill-country westward; and the goings out thereof were at the wilderness of Beth-aven.
Josh 16:3
74%
3and it went down westward to the border of the Japhletites, unto the border of Beth-horon the nether, even unto Gezer; and the goings out thereof were at the sea.
Deut 1:7
74%
7turn you, and take your journey, and go to the hill-country of the Amorites, and unto all [the places] nigh thereunto, in the Arabah, in the hill-country, and in the lowland, and in the South, and by the sea-shore, the land of the Canaanites, and Lebanon, as far as the great river, the river Euphrates.
Judg 11:18
74%
18Then they went through the wilderness, and went around the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and they encamped on the other side of the Arnon; but they came not within the border of Moab, for the Arnon was the border of Moab.
Judg 11:22
74%
22And they possessed all the border of the Amorites, from the Arnon even unto the Jabbok, and from the wilderness even unto the Jordan.
2 Kgs 10:33
74%
33from the Jordan eastward, all the land of Gilead, the Gadites, and the Reubenites, and the Manassites, from Aroer, which is by the valley of the Arnon, even Gilead and Bashan.
Josh 19:27
73%
27and it turned toward the sunrising to Beth-dagon, and reached to Zebulun, and to the valley of Iphtah-el northward to Beth-emek and Neiel; and it went out to Cabul on the left hand,
Num 33:49
73%
49And they encamped by the Jordan, from Beth-jeshimoth even unto Abel-shittim in the plains of Moab.
Josh 15:7
73%
7and the border went up to Debir from the valley of Achor, and so northward, looking toward Gilgal, that is over against the ascent of Adummim, which is on the south side of the river; and the border passed along to the waters of En-shemesh, and the goings out thereof were at En-rogel;
Josh 16:7
73%
7and it went down from Janoah to Ataroth, and to Naarah, and reached unto Jericho, and went out at the Jordan.
Deut 2:29
73%
29as the children of Esau that dwell in Seir, and the Moabites that dwell in Ar, did unto me; until I shall pass over the Jordan into the land which Jehovah our God giveth us.
Deut 3:8
73%
8And we took the land at that time out of the hand of the two kings of the Amorites that were beyond the Jordan, from the valley of the Arnon unto mount Hermon;