Leviticus 16:29

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

And it shall be a statute for ever unto you: in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, ye shall afflict your souls, and shall do no manner of work, the home-born, or the stranger that sojourneth among you:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהָיְתָ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם לְחֻקַּ֣ת עוֹלָ֑ם בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַ֠שְּׁבִיעִי בֶּֽעָשׂ֨וֹר לַחֹ֜דֶשׁ תְּעַנּ֣וּ אֶת־נַפְשֹֽׁתֵיכֶ֗ם וְכָל־מְלָאכָה֙ לֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֔וּ הָֽאֶזְרָ֔ח וְהַגֵּ֖ר הַגָּ֥ר בְּתוֹכְכֶֽם׃

Transliteration

And-hāyetāh to-you for-ḥuqqat ʿolām in-the-ḥodesh ha-sheviʿi in-ʿāśor to-the-ḥodesh you-teʿannu ʾet-nafshoteykhem and-all-melāʾkhāh not you-taʿaśu the-ʾezrāḥ and-the-ger the-gār in-midst-of-you.

Grammar Details

• *hāyetāh*: qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - it shall be
• *ḥuqqat ʿolām*: feminine singular construct + masculine singular noun - statute of eternity/everlasting ordinance
• *ḥodesh ha-sheviʿi*: masculine singular noun + definite article + ordinal number - the seventh month
• *ʿāśor*: masculine singular noun - tenth
• *ḥodesh*: masculine singular noun - month/new moon
• *teʿannu*: piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall afflict/humble
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *nafshoteykhem*: feminine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your souls
• *melāʾkhāh*: feminine singular noun - work/labor/occupation
• *taʿaśu*: qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall do/make
• *ʾezrāḥ*: masculine singular noun - native/citizen
• *ger*: masculine singular noun - sojourner/foreigner/alien
• *gār*: qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling/residing

Word Meanings

• *ḥuqqat ʿolām*: perpetual statute/everlasting ordinance
• *teʿannu*: afflict/humble/deny/practice self-denial
• *nafshoteykhem*: your souls/yourselves
• *melāʾkhāh*: work/labor/occupation/business
• *ʾezrāḥ*: native/citizen/native-born
• *ger*: sojourner/foreigner/alien/stranger

Referenced Verses

• Num 29:7 : 7 And on the tenth day of this seventh month ye shall have a holy convocation; and ye shall afflict your souls: ye shall do no manner of work;
• Isa 58:3 : 3 Wherefore have we fasted, [say they], and thou seest not? [wherefore] have we afflicted our soul, and thou takest no knowledge? Behold, in the day of your fast ye find [your own] pleasure, and exact all your labors.
• Isa 58:5 : 5 Is such the fast that I have chosen? the day for a man to afflict his soul? Is it to bow down his head as a rush, and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him? wilt thou call this a fast, and an acceptable day to Jehovah?
• Dan 10:12 : 12 Then said he unto me, Fear not, Daniel; for from the first day that thou didst set thy heart to understand, and to humble thyself before thy God, thy words were heard: and I am come for thy words' sake.
• Lev 23:36 : 36 Seven days ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto Jehovah: on the eighth day shall be a holy convocation unto you; and ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto Jehovah: it is a solemn assembly; ye shall do no servile work.
• Exod 20:10 : 10 but the seventh day is a sabbath unto Jehovah thy God: [in it] thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy man-servant, nor thy maid-servant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates:
• Lev 23:7-8 : 7 In the first day ye shall have a holy convocation: ye shall do no servile work. 8 But ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto Jehovah seven days: in the seventh day is a holy convocation; ye shall do no servile work.
• Lev 23:21 : 21 And ye shall make proclamation on the selfsame day; there shall be a holy convocation unto you; ye shall do no servile work: it is a statute for ever in all your dwellings throughout your generations.
• Ps 35:13 : 13 But as for me, when they were sick, my clothing was sackcloth: I afflicted my soul with fasting; And my prayer returned into mine own bosom.
• Ps 69:10 : 10 When I wept, [and chastened] my soul with fasting, That was to my reproach.
• Lev 23:27-32 : 27 Howbeit on the tenth day of this seventh month is the day of atonement: it shall be a holy convocation unto you, and ye shall afflict your souls; and ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto Jehovah. 28 And ye shall do no manner of work in that same day; for it is a day of atonement, to make atonement for you before Jehovah your God. 29 For whatsoever soul it be that shall not be afflicted in that same day; he shall be cut off from his people. 30 And whatsoever soul it be that doeth any manner of work in that same day, that soul will I destroy from among his people. 31 Ye shall do no manner of work: it is a statute for ever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 32 It shall be unto you a sabbath of solemn rest, and ye shall afflict your souls: in the ninth day of the month at even, from even unto even, shall ye keep your sabbath.
• Exod 30:10 : 10 And Aaron shall make atonement upon the horns of it once in the year; with the blood of the sin-offering of atonement once in the year shall he make atonement for it throughout your generations: it is most holy unto Jehovah.
• Lev 23:3 : 3 Six days shall work be done: but on the seventh day is a sabbath of solemn rest, a holy convocation; ye shall do no manner of work: it is a sabbath unto Jehovah in all your dwellings.
• Exod 12:16 : 16 And in the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation; no manner of work shall be done in them, save that which every man must eat, that only may be done by you.
• 1 Kgs 8:2 : 2 And all the men of Israel assembled themselves unto king Solomon at the feast, in the month Ethanim, which is the seventh month.
• Ezra 3:1 : 1 And when the seventh month was come, and the children of Israel were in the cities, the people gathered themselves together as one man to Jerusalem.
• 1 Cor 11:31 : 31 But if we discerned ourselves, we should not {G302} be judged.
• 2 Cor 7:10-11 : 10 For {G2596} godly sorrow worketh repentance unto salvation, [a repentance] which bringeth no regret: but the sorrow of the world worketh death. 11 For behold, this selfsame thing, that ye were made sorry after a godly sort, what earnest care it wrought in you, yea what clearing of yourselves, yea what indignation, yea what fear, yea what longing, yea what zeal, yea what avenging! In everything ye approved yourselves to be pure in the matter.
• Heb 4:10 : 10 For he that is entered into his rest hath himself also rested from his works, as God did from his.
• Isa 58:13 : 13 If thou turn away thy foot from the sabbath, from doing thy pleasure on my holy day; and call the sabbath a delight, [and] the holy of Jehovah honorable; and shalt honor it, not doing thine own ways, nor finding thine own pleasure, nor speaking [thine own] words:
• Dan 10:3 : 3 I ate no pleasant bread, neither came flesh nor wine into my mouth, neither did I anoint myself at all, till three whole weeks were fulfilled.