Numbers 20:21

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border: wherefore Israel turned away from him.

Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְמָאֵ֣ן ׀ אֱד֗וֹם נְתֹן֙ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עֲבֹ֖ר בִּגְבֻל֑וֹ וַיֵּ֥ט יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵעָלָֽיו

Transliteration

And-yəmāʾēn ʾĕdôm nətōn ʾet-yiśrāʾēl ʿăbōr in-gəbulô and-yēṭ yiśrāʾēl from-him

Grammar Details

*yəmāʾēn*: waw-consecutive + piel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he refused
*ʾĕdôm*: proper noun - Edom
*nətōn*: qal infinitive absolute - giving
*ʾet*: direct object marker
*yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
*ʿăbōr*: qal infinitive construct - to pass
*gəbulô*: masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his territory
*yēṭ*: waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and turned aside

Word Meanings

*yəmāʾēn*: refused/declined
*nətōn* *ʿăbōr*: to give/allow to pass
*gəbulô*: his border/his territory
*yēṭ*: turned aside/turned away

ℹ️

About this Translation

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Formal EquivalenceSource: American Standard VersionBest for: Word studies and original-language research

🎯 Translation Approach

A highly literal, word-for-word translation (ASV, 1901) augmented with Strong's numbering to connect English words to underlying Hebrew and Greek terms for study.

Word-for-word

5/5

Readability

2/5

💎 Distinctive Features

Integrated Strong's numbering: Links English terms to underlying Hebrew and Greek words for deeper lexical study.
Formal equivalence: Prioritizes close alignment with source-language forms and structures.
Divine name rendering: Frequently renders the Tetragrammaton as Jehovah in the Old Testament, following ASV tradition.
Study-focused formatting: Optimized for reference and research rather than casual reading.

✅ Strengths

High fidelity to original languages
Includes Strong's numbers for precise word study
Consistent lexical choices aid exegesis
Stable, longstanding scholarly text

⚠️ Considerations

Archaic language reduces readability
Older textual basis compared to some modern translations
Strong's numbers are a concordance index, not full lexical definitions

👥 Who is this for?

Ideal for

Pastors and teachers
Seminary students
Serious Bible students
Readers conducting word studies
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Consider alternatives for

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Children and early teens
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Additional Resources

Referenced Verses

Judg 11:18 : 18 Then they went through the wilderness, and went around the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and they encamped on the other side of the Arnon; but they came not within the border of Moab, for the Arnon was the border of Moab.
Deut 2:29 : 29 as the children of Esau that dwell in Seir, and the Moabites that dwell in Ar, did unto me; until I shall pass over the Jordan into the land which Jehovah our God giveth us.
Deut 23:7 : 7 Thou shalt not abhor an Edomite; for he is thy brother: thou shalt not abhor an Egyptian, because thou wast a sojourner in his land.
Deut 2:4-8 : 4 And command thou the people, saying, Ye are to pass through the border of your brethren the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir; and they will be afraid of you: take ye good heed unto yourselves therefore; 5 contend not with them; for I will not give you of their land, no, not so much as for the sole of the foot to tread on; because I have given mount Seir unto Esau for a possession. 6 Ye shall purchase food of them for money, that ye may eat; and ye shall also buy water of them for money, that ye may drink. 7 For Jehovah thy God hath blessed thee in all the work of thy hand; he hath known thy walking through this great wilderness: these forty years Jehovah thy God hath been with thee; thou hast lacked nothing. 8 So we passed by from our brethren the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir, from the way of the Arabah from Elath and from Ezion-geber. And we turned and passed by the way of the wilderness of Moab.
Deut 2:27 : 27 Let me pass through thy land: I will go along by the highway, I will turn neither unto the right hand nor to the left.
Judg 11:24 : 24 Wilt not thou possess that which Chemosh thy god giveth thee to possess? So whomsoever Jehovah our God hath dispossessed from before us, them will we possess.

Similar Verses (AI)

These verses are found using AI-powered semantic similarity based on meaning and context. Results may occasionally include unexpected connections.

Num 20:17-20
4 verses
90%
17Let us pass, I pray thee, through thy land: we will not pass through field or through vineyard, neither will we drink of the water of the wells: we will go along the king's highway; we will not turn aside to the right hand nor to the left, until we have passed thy border.
18And Edom said unto him, Thou shalt not pass through me, lest I come out with the sword against thee.
19And the children of Israel said unto him, We will go up by the highway; and if we drink of thy water, I and my cattle, then will I give the price thereof: let me only, without [doing] anything [else], pass through on my feet.
20And he said, Thou shalt not pass through. And Edom came out against him with much people, and with a strong hand.
Judg 11:16-20
5 verses
83%
16but when they came up from Egypt, and Israel went through the wilderness unto the Red Sea, and came to Kadesh;
17then Israel sent messengers unto the king of Edom, saying, Let me, I pray thee, pass through thy land; but the king of Edom hearkened not. And in like manner he sent unto the king of Moab; but he would not: and Israel abode in Kadesh.
18Then they went through the wilderness, and went around the land of Edom, and the land of Moab, and came by the east side of the land of Moab, and they encamped on the other side of the Arnon; but they came not within the border of Moab, for the Arnon was the border of Moab.
19And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, the king of Heshbon; and Israel said unto him, Let us pass, we pray thee, through thy land unto my place.
20But Sihon trusted not Israel to pass through his border; but Sihon gathered all his people together, and encamped in Jahaz, and fought against Israel.
Num 20:22-23
2 verses
77%
22And they journeyed from Kadesh: and the children of Israel, even the whole congregation, came unto mount Hor.
23And Jehovah spake unto Moses and Aaron in mount Hor, by the border of the land of Edom, saying,
Num 21:4
77%
4And they journeyed from mount Hor by the way to the Red Sea, to compass the land of Edom: and the soul of the people was much discouraged because of the way.
Deut 2:8
76%
8So we passed by from our brethren the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir, from the way of the Arabah from Elath and from Ezion-geber. And we turned and passed by the way of the wilderness of Moab.
Num 21:21-23
3 verses
76%
21And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon king of the Amorites, saying,
22Let me pass through thy land: we will not turn aside into field, or into vineyard; we will not drink of the water of the wells: we will go by the king's highway, until we have passed thy border.
23And Sihon would not suffer Israel to pass through his border: but Sihon gathered all his people together, and went out against Israel into the wilderness, and came to Jahaz; and he fought against Israel.
2 Kgs 3:8-9
2 verses
75%
8And he said, Which way shall we go up? And he answered, The way of the wilderness of Edom.
9So the king of Israel went, and the king of Judah, and the king of Edom; and they made a circuit of seven days' journey: and there was no water for the host, nor for the beasts that followed them.
2 Chr 20:10
74%
10And now, behold, the children of Ammon and Moab and mount Seir, whom thou wouldest not let Israel invade, when they came out of the land of Egypt, but they turned aside from them, and destroyed them not;
Num 20:14
74%
14And Moses sent messengers from Kadesh unto the king of Edom, Thus saith thy brother Israel, Thou knowest all the travail that hath befallen us:
Deut 2:29-30
2 verses
73%
29as the children of Esau that dwell in Seir, and the Moabites that dwell in Ar, did unto me; until I shall pass over the Jordan into the land which Jehovah our God giveth us.
30But Sihon king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him; for Jehovah thy God hardened his spirit, and made his heart obstinate, that he might deliver him into thy hand, as at this day.
Deut 2:27
73%
27Let me pass through thy land: I will go along by the highway, I will turn neither unto the right hand nor to the left.
Jer 25:21
72%
21Edom, and Moab, and the children of Ammon;
Deut 2:1
72%
1Then we turned, and took our journey into the wilderness by the way to the Red Sea, as Jehovah spake unto me; and we compassed mount Seir many days.
Deut 1:40
72%
40But as for you, turn you, and take your journey into the wilderness by the way to the Red Sea.
2 Kgs 8:20
72%
20In his days Edom revolted from under the hand of Judah, and made a king over themselves.
Deut 2:4-5
2 verses
71%
4And command thou the people, saying, Ye are to pass through the border of your brethren the children of Esau, that dwell in Seir; and they will be afraid of you: take ye good heed unto yourselves therefore;
5contend not with them; for I will not give you of their land, no, not so much as for the sole of the foot to tread on; because I have given mount Seir unto Esau for a possession.
Num 33:37
71%
37And they journeyed from Kadesh, and encamped in mount Hor, in the edge of the land of Edom.
Num 24:18
71%
18And Edom shall be a possession, Seir also shall be a possession, [who were] his enemies; While Israel doeth valiantly.
Deut 4:21
70%
21Furthermore Jehovah was angry with me for your sakes, and sware that I should not go over the Jordan, and that I should not go in unto that good land, which Jehovah thy God giveth thee for an inheritance:
2 Chr 21:10
70%
10So Edom revolted from under the hand of Judah unto this day: then did Libnah revolt at the same time from under his hand, because he had forsaken Jehovah, the God of his fathers.
Exod 13:17
70%
17And it came to pass, when Pharaoh had let the people go, that God led them not by the way of the land of the Philistines, although that was near; for God said, Lest peradventure the people repent when they see war, and they return to Egypt:
2 Kgs 3:26
70%
26And when the king of Moab saw that the battle was too sore for him, he took with him seven hundred men that drew sword, to break through unto the king of Edom; but they could not.
Exod 13:20
70%
20And they took their journey from Succoth, and encamped in Etham, in the edge of the wilderness.
Num 21:13
69%
13From thence they journeyed, and encamped on the other side of the Arnon, which is in the wilderness, that cometh out of the border of the Amorites: for the Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites.
2 Chr 21:8
69%
8In his days Edom revolted from under the hand of Judah, and made a king over themselves.
Gen 35:21
69%
21And Israel journeyed, and spread his tent beyond the tower of Eder.
Num 21:31
69%
31Thus Israel dwelt in the land of the Amorites.
Jer 49:17
69%
17And Edom shall become an astonishment: every one that passeth by it shall be astonished, and shall hiss at all the plagues thereof.
Deut 3:26
69%
26But Jehovah was wroth with me for your sakes, and hearkened not unto me; and Jehovah said unto me, Let it suffice thee; speak no more unto me of this matter.