Zechariah 1:12

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

Then the angel of Jehovah answered and said, O Jehovah of hosts, how long wilt thou not have mercy on Jerusalem and on the cities of Judah, against which thou hast had indignation these threescore and ten years?

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיַּ֣עַן מַלְאַךְ־יְהוָה֮ וַיֹּאמַר֒ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת עַד־מָתַ֗י אַתָּה֙ לֹֽא־תְרַחֵ֣ם אֶת־יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם וְאֵ֖ת עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר זָעַ֔מְתָּה זֶ֖ה שִׁבְעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה

Transliteration

wayyaʿan malʾaḵ-YHWH wayyōʾmar, "YHWH ṣᵉḇāʾôt, until-when you not-tᵉraḥēm ʾet-yᵉrûšālaim and-ʾēt ʿārê yᵉhûḏāh which zāʿamtā this šiḇᵉʿîm šānāh?"

Grammar Details

• *wayyaʿan*: conjunction *wa* + verb qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with consecutive vav - and he answered
• *malʾaḵ*: noun masculine singular construct - angel/messenger of
• *YHWH*: proper noun - the LORD/Yahweh
• *wayyōʾmar*: conjunction *wa* + verb qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with consecutive vav - and he said
• *ṣᵉḇāʾôt*: noun feminine plural construct - of hosts/armies
• *tᵉraḥēm*: verb piel imperfect 2nd masculine singular with negative particle *lōʾ* - you will not have mercy
• *yᵉrûšālaim*: proper noun with direct object marker *ʾet* - Jerusalem
• *ʿārê*: noun feminine plural construct with direct object marker *ʾēt* and conjunction *wᵉ* - and the cities of
• *yᵉhûḏāh*: proper noun - Judah
• *zāʿamtā*: verb qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you have been indignant/angry
• *šiḇᵉʿîm*: numeral - seventy
• *šānāh*: noun feminine singular - year

Word Meanings

• *malʾaḵ*: angel/messenger
• *ṣᵉḇāʾôt*: hosts/armies/heavenly forces
• *tᵉraḥēm*: have mercy/compassion/pity
• *zāʿamtā*: been indignant/been angry/denounced

Referenced Verses

• Ps 102:13 : 13 Thou wilt arise, and have mercy upon Zion; For it is time to have pity upon her, Yea, the set time is come.
• Jer 29:10 : 10 For thus saith Jehovah, After seventy years are accomplished for Babylon, I will visit you, and perform my good word toward you, in causing you to return to this place.
• Dan 9:2 : 2 in the first year of his reign I, Daniel, understood by the books the number of the years whereof the word of Jehovah came to Jeremiah the prophet, for the accomplishing of the desolations of Jerusalem, even seventy years.
• Zech 7:5 : 5 Speak unto all the people of the land, and to the priests, saying, When ye fasted and mourned in the fifth and in the seventh [month], even these seventy years, did ye at all fast unto me, even to me?
• Ps 74:10 : 10 How long, O God, shall the adversary reproach? Shall the enemy blaspheme thy name for ever?
• Rev 6:10 : 10 and they cried with a great voice, saying, How long, O Master, the holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth?
• Heb 7:25 : 25 Wherefore also he is able to save to the uttermost them that draw near unto God through him, seeing he ever liveth to make intercession for them.
• Exod 23:20-23 : 20 Behold, I send an angel before thee, to keep thee by the way, and to bring thee into the place which I have prepared. 21 Take ye heed before him, and hearken unto his voice; provoke him not; for he will not pardon your transgression: for my name is in him. 22 But if thou shalt indeed hearken unto his voice, and do all that I speak; then I will be an enemy unto thine enemies, and an adversary unto thine adversaries. 23 For mine angel shall go before thee, and bring thee in unto the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Canaanite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite: and I will cut them off.
• 2 Chr 36:21 : 21 to fulfil the word of Jehovah by the mouth of Jeremiah, until the land had enjoyed its sabbaths: [for] as long as it lay desolate it kept sabbath, to fulfil threescore and ten years.
• Ps 69:5 : 5 O God, thou knowest my foolishness; And my sins are not hid from thee.
• Zech 1:8 : 8 I saw in the night, and, behold, a man riding upon a red horse, and he stood among the myrtle-trees that were in the bottom; and behind him there were horses, red, sorrel, and white.
• Zech 1:10-11 : 10 And the man that stood among the myrtle-trees answered and said, These are they whom Jehovah hath sent to walk to and fro through the earth. 11 And they answered the angel of Jehovah that stood among the myrtle-trees, and said, We have walked to and fro through the earth, and, behold, all the earth sitteth still, and is at rest.
• Isa 63:9 : 9 In all their affliction he was afflicted, and the angel of his presence saved them: in his love and in his pity he redeemed them; and he bare them, and carried them all the days of old.
• Isa 64:9-9 : 9 Be not wroth very sore, O Jehovah, neither remember iniquity for ever: behold, look, we beseech thee, we are all thy people. 10 Thy holy cities are become a wilderness, Zion is become a wilderness, Jerusalem a desolation. 11 Our holy and our beautiful house, where our fathers praised thee, is burned with fire; and all our pleasant places are laid waste. 12 Wilt thou refrain thyself for these things, O Jehovah? wilt thou hold thy peace, and afflict us very sore?
• Jer 25:11-12 : 11 And this whole land shall be a desolation, and an astonishment; and these nations shall serve the king of Babylon seventy years. 12 And it shall come to pass, when seventy years are accomplished, that I will punish the king of Babylon, and that nation, saith Jehovah, for their iniquity, and the land of the Chaldeans; and I will make it desolate for ever.